- A lion was drinking water from a brook. (a) — a lamb was also drinking water from the downstream of the same brook. The lion saw the lamb and decided to devour it. (b) — he was thinking about how to accomplish his evil design. (c) — he hit upon a plan. (d) — the lion complained that the lamb was disturbing him by muddying water. But the lamb said that he was drinking water from downstream. (e) — the questions of muddying water on his part did not arise. (f) — the lamb argued that it was the lion that was muddying the water for him as he was drinking water upstream. (g) — the lion retorted that the lamb spoke ill of him a year ago. (h) — the lamb said that he was not born a year ago. The lion grew into a rage. (i) — he said that perhaps his father spokes ill of him last year. (j) — the lion had the right to take revenge and kill the lamb.
- There have been significant changes in the types of entertainment over time. Many of these no longer exist. (a) — they do, people keep looking for newer forms of entertainment. (b) — snake charming, puppet shows, jatra, jarigan, sharigan and kabigan which were common forms of entertainment in the past, have almost lost of their appeal. (c) — , radio used to be a good source of entertainment. (d) — it is giving place to television and to satellite channels in particular. (e) — , the entertainment business, like other spheres of life, is getting westernized. (f) — , folk music or palligeeti is now sung with western instruments. (g) — , modern music is now fusing melodies from folk and traditional songs. (h) — , band and pop music is becoming more and more popular particularly among the young generation. (i) — sport has become a great source of entertainment today. (j) — football, which used to be the most popular spectator sport in Bangladesh is gradually being replaced by cricket.
- A thing of beauty is a joy forever. (a) — a flower is a symbol of beauty and purity. Its sweet smell attracts one to all. (b) — flower cultivation was very rare in our country. (c) — the scenario has changed. (d) — many people cultivate flowers not only for enjoying their beauty but also for earning money. (e) — in big cities and towns many flower shops have flourished. Different kinds of flowers are sold there. (f) — the demand of flowers is increasing day by day. (g) — they are of great use to us. (h) — we keep flowers in flower vase to beautify our drawing room. (i) — during marriage ceremony we decorate gate and vehicle with flowers. Thirdly, we express our love and affection towards anyone with flowers. (j) — the use of flowers is very great.
- Food adulteration is a social problem. There is hardly any food that is not adulterated. (a) –, a business syndicate is involved in this. (b) —, they are bringing national health to the edge of death. (c) —, people taking adulterated food will become gradually sick. (d) —, they will suffer from many complicated diseases. (e) –, they will die. (f) –, food adulteration has reached in an alarming state in our country. (g) –, the authority concerned is playing a silent role. (h) —, laws regarding this crime are not so strict. (i) –, this crime is going to be out of control. (j) –, steps must be taken against this heinous crime to save our life.
- Happiness lies in the mind of a man. (a) — beauty lies in the eyes of a beholder. (b) — we can say (c) — happiness comprises a state of mind. A poor man can be happy with one lakh Taka (d) — it has no importance for a millionaire. (e) – , the source of happiness lies in us. (f) — we do good work (g) — gives happiness to others, our own happiness also increases by leaps and bounds. One way of doing this is to find out and go out to those (h) — may be in need of our help. The highest form of happiness is derived when we help others (i) — make them happy. (j) — in every religion, great importance is put on the service of mankind.
Answers
1. (a) as; (b) so; (c) that; (d) while; (e) in fact; (f) if; (g) which; (h) who; (i) and; (j) therefore/so
2. (a) in fact; (b) by doing so; (c) certainly; (d) and; (e) eventually; (f) at present; (g) but; (h) sorrowfully; (i) as such; (j) so/ therefore
3. (a) likewise; (b) in the past; (c) at present; (d) now; (e) recently; (f) as a result; (g) truly
speaking; (h) firstly; (i) secondly; (j) so/hence
4. (a) even if; (b) thus; (c) once; (d) but now; (e) at present; (f) consequently; (g) moreover; (h) nowadays; (i) besides/also; (j) but
5. (a) incidentally; (b) so; (c) then; (d) at first; (e) so; (f) instead; (g) then; (h) again; (i) therefore; (j) so
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- Honesty is a noble virtue. The man (a) — possesses this rare quality is the happiest man on earth. To be honest, a man should have trustworthiness (b) — nobody trusts a liar. A liar may prosper for the time being, (c) — ultimately he goes to the dogs. (d) — we should be honest. It is said that honesty is the best policy (e) — dishonesty is the sign of downfall. God helps those who are honest. (f) — dishonest people are cursed; Childhood is the best time (g) — children should be taught honesty. It is said (h) ? children should be allowed to mix with those friends (i) — are honest. (j) — the can mould their characters.
2. Many years ago there lived a king named Soloman. He was very wise and helped people in many ways. (a) —, his name and fame spread far and wide. The Queen of Sheba heard about the name and fame of king Soloman. (b) —, she could not believe that he was so wise and wealthy. (c) —, she decided to visit his country and meet him personally. (d) —, the queen came to king Soloman’s palace. She brought with her hundred servants who carried many fine presents. (e) —, she brought with her some artificial flowers that were mixed with some real flowers. (f) —, the flowers were beautiful and looked alike. (g) —, the queen asked the courtiers to find out the real ones. They took time and watched the flowers minutely. (h) —, they failed to differentiate. (i) —, King Soloman watched some bees flying over some flowers. (j) —, he realized those flowers to be real.
3. The greatness of a book depends (a) — on the acceptability among readers. (b) — we read a book just once, we can discover many things in it. (c) — basing on one reading, we cannot judge the standard of a book. (d) — a book is praised (e) —, we have no doubt about the greatness of the book. (f) — the first reading we may not understand a book. But if we read more than once, we will see (g) — it was read (h) — praised. (i) — the great books are those (j) — have passed the test of time.
4. Everybody wants to be happy in life. Happiness is a relative term. (a) — it depends upon some factors. (b) — contentment is the key to happiness. Contentment varies from person to person. (c) — a beggar may be contented with only ten taka (d) — a wealthy man may be unsatisfied even after getting one million taka. (e) — it is said that contentment brings happiness. (f) — we must learn to be contented with what we have. (g) — this learning is the simplest way to remain happy. (h) — we must remember that our life is short and in this short life, we cannot get everything (i) — we want. If we want everything, we will not get happiness. (j) —– we will get frustrated and plunge into the world of sadness.
5. Trees are a vital part of our environment, (a) —, they bear a great impact on the climate. (b) — we are not careful about them. (c) —, we destroy trees at random. (d) —, one day the country will bear the consequence of greenhouse effect. (e) — ours is an agricultural country, our economy depends upon it. (f) —, our agriculture is dependent on rain, (g) — trees play a vital role on our climate, (h) —, trees keep the soil strong. (i) —, trees save us from flood (j) — many other natural calamities.
Answers
1. (a) who; (b) because; (c) but; (d) so; (e) whereas; (f) moreover; (g) therefore; (h) hence; (i) in addition; (j) thus
2. (a) so; (b) but; (c) therefore; (d) accordingly; (e) besides; (f) that; (g) then; (h) but; (i) suddenly; (j) thus
3. (a) mainly/actually/generally; (b) if; (c) only/for; (d) but; (e) if/when; (f) highly; (g) through; (h) why; (i) and; (j) which
4. (a) so/therefore; (b) in fact/in the true sense; (c) for example/for instance; (d) on the other hand/on the contrary/ but; (e) so/for this reason/this is why; (f) hence; (g) in fact; (h) in this case/in this respect; (i) naturally/it is used that; (j) however
5. (a) in fact; (b) so; (c) in course of time; (d) besides; (e) then; (f) consequently; (g) however; (h) true that; (i) at the same time; (j) moreover
- Bangladesh is mainly an agricultural country. (a) , her economy and prosperity depend on agriculture. (b) , our agriculture depends on the mercy of nature. (c) , if there is sufficient rain, people can plough their lands and sow seeds in time. (d) , they can reap a good harvest. (e) if it does not rain in time, the farmers cannot grow the crops easily and they do not have good harvest. (f) , without water our agriculture is lifeless. The rain is not always beneficial to our agriculture (g) —, sometimes it rains so much that it causes floods. (h) —, our crops go under water and most often, they are totally destroyed. (i) , the farmers who constitute the most part of our professional people, lose everything. (j) , we can safely conclude that our economy depends on rain.
- Deforestation means cutting down trees or destruction of trees at random. (a) — it endangers our life. There are many factors behind this destruction. (b) — our population is increasing by leaps and bounds. (c) — there is excessive pressure on land. (d) — our carelessness is mainly responsible for this destruction. (e) — the additional population requires more land for settlement and agricultural cultivation. (f) — with the increase of population infrastructure facilities are getting increased. (g) — land areas are decreasing and land for trees and forests are getting decreased day by day. (h) — people are destroying trees for cooking food, making brick and melting pitch etc. (i) — deforestation causes increase of carbon dioxide, global warming and ecological imbalance. (j) — there are natural disasters including flood, cyclone, tidal surge etc.
- Drug addiction is a curse in modern age. (a) —, it is the habit of using un-prescribed medicine for exciting feelings. (b) —, drug addiction is found among the young generation. (c) —, it has engulfed the whole nation. (d) —, people of all ages have fallen victim to this dangerous diseases. (e) — drugs create some kind of dream-like feelings, the drug takers forget everything for the time being. (f) —, the influence of drugs also causes long sleep to the drug addicts. (g) —, the after effects of drug addiction are many. (h) —, it is harmful not only to the addicts but also to the whole society. (i) — drug taking is a diseases, there should be given treatment to cure the addicts. (j) —, parents and responsible authorities should be more alert to cure drug addiction.
- Students have certain duties towards the country, (a) —, they must contribute to the eradication of illiteracy. During the vacation they can go to villages and teach the illiteracy people. (b) —, they can make a literate nation and ensure a considerable development. (c) —, the students have to create awareness among the common people about the basic rules of health and sanitation. (d) —, it will have an enormous effect on the overall development of the country. (e) —, the students should teach the illiterate farmers about the scientific methods of cultivation. (f) —, they should take part in voluntary service during the crisis periods of a country. (g) —, the students should prepare themselves as the future leaders of the country. They must be serious in this matter. (h) —, they will fail to prepare themselves. (i) —, the country will not see the light of development. (j) —, the students are the most vital element of a country and their development means the development of the country.
5. Time and tide wait for none (a) no one can stop the march of time. (b) we should not waste a single moment in vain (c) we should make the proper use of very single moment of our life. (d) the students should understand the value of time. Some students pass away their valuable time in Face book. (e) they kill their time (f) they cannot prepare their lessons well. (g) they always have a poor preparation for the exam. (h) they cannot do well in the exam. (i) they don’t stop wasting time (j) they continue to waste their time using Face book till it is too late for them.
Answers
1. (a) so; (b) again/but; (c) hence; (d) as a result; (e) but/ on the other hand; (f) true that/ in fact; (g) for example/for instance; (h) that is why/ as a result; (i) consequently; (j) therefore
2. (a) as a result/consequently; (b) firstly; (c) as a result;(d) but; (e) true that; (f) at the same time; (g) consequently; (h) moreover; (i) but; (j) consequently
3. (a) in fact; (b) however; (c) at present; (d) moreover/ and; (e) as; (f) at the same time; (g) besides; (h) in fact; (i) as; (j) above all
4. (a) firstly; (b) thus; (c) secondly;(d) because; (e) at the same time; (f)thirdly; (g)finally; (h)otherwise; (i) consequently; (j) so
5. (a) that is why/truly; (b) so; (c) rather/instead; (d) specially; (e) virtually/as a matter of fact; (f) consequently; (g) therefore; (h) as a result/ consequently; (i) yet; (j) rather
Sentence Connectors
- Mobile phone has become an essential gadget for everybody. (a) — it has become very popular. (b) — it has created a number of problems. It has (c) — advantages (d) — disadvantages. (e) — it helps to connect people. (f) — it helps to exchange information (g) — it can be used for various purpose. (h) — it has a few disadvantages. (i) — it can cause a lot of troubles. (j) — its advantages are more than its disadvantages.
- The gifts of science are uncountable. (a) — we cast our eyes, we see the wonders of science. Satellite TV channels are means through (b) — we can see and hear the events (c) — are happening all over the world. (d) —, today we have specialized satellite channels on almost every interest. (e) —, people now have more choices and more freedom about television programmes. Satellite channels help us a lot by reporting on climatic conditions of different parts of the world. (f) —, we can be aware of storms, cyclones and tidal bores, (g) — satellite channels are helping us to a great extent to enrich our own culture and tradition. (h) — satellite channels are playing a favourable role, it is (i) — doing harm to our young and new generation. (j) — still we cannot deny the immense benefits we are getting from satellite channels.
- Illiteracy is a great problem in Bangladesh. Most of the people of our country cannot read or write. (a) — the literacy rate in Bangladesh is too low. (b) — it is too poor to be imagined. Illiteracy hampers the development of our country. (c) —, illiteracy helps creating other problems like poverty, unemployment and terrorism. (d) —, there are many reasons responsible for illiteracy. (e) —, we can mention poverty. (f) —, it is the cause. (g) —, we can talk about ignorance and superstition. Unfortunately, most of the people do not have any idea about the importance of education. (h) —, they are reluctant to send their children to school. (i) —, we can mention the limitations of our government and poor infrastructure of our country. (j) —, we should work together to increase the literacy rate of our country.
- Once a crow became thirsty (a) — it was a very hot summer day. (b) —, it flew one place to another in search of water, (c) — it did not find any water to drink. (d) — being dejected it decided to fly away to another place. (e) — it noticed a jar in a garden. (f) — it flew to the jar. There was some water in the jar. (g) —, it was at the bottom and out of its reach. (h) —, it did not lose hope. It noticed a heap of pebbles nearby. (i) — it dropped the pebbles into the jar one by one. (j) —, the water came to the mouth of the jar and the crow drank to its fill.
- Soil is necessary for life (a) — most of our foods come from soil. It is true (b) — some of us eat meat. (c) — meat comes from animals that live on plants (d) — again grow on soil. (e) — we do not give food to soil, plants will become weak. (f) — natural and inorganic manure are necessary for cultivation. (g) — compost manure is widely used in cultivation. (h) — agriculture scientists discourage the farmers to use pesticides, (i) — they opt for a method of catching pests in traditional way. (j) — it is not so popular.
Answers
1. (a) as; (b) but/however; (c) both ; (d) and ; (e) firstly; (f) secondly; (g) furthermore; (h) however; (i) which; (j) yet
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2. (a) wherever; (b) which; (c) that; (d) in fact/really; (e) therefore; (f) thus; (g) in addition/ moreover/besides; (h) though/although; (i) also; (j) but
3. (a) so; (b) actually; (c) besides; (d) however; (e) for example; (f) in fact; (g) moreover; (h) hence; (i) again; (j) however
4. (a) because/as; (b) that is why; (c) but; (d) however/at last; (e) suddenly; (f) soon; (g) alas/unluckily; (h) but; (i) then; (j) as a result
5. (a) because; (b) that; (c) but; (d) which; (e) if; (f) so/therefore; (g) nowadays; (h) moreover; (i) and; (j) but
Sentence Connectors
- Dowry is a social curse. This system prevails in our society. (a) —, there is no written statement about this system. (b) — it is available in our society. (c) —, it is a tradition that exposes our narrow mentality. (d) — , it is an inhuman torture for both the brides and their guardians. (e) — , the bridals guardians have to suffer a lot to meet up the demand of the bridegroom. (f) — , the brides are to undergo mental and even physical torture in their law’s houses for being unable to pay the dowry. (g) —, this social curse must be removed. (h) — , laws against dowry should be enforced strictly. (i) — , female education should be ensured and more employment opportunities have to be created. (j) — , public awareness should be increased.
- Man is a social being. (a) — , man cannot live alone. (b) — , man has been living together from time immemorial. Living in society is not an easy task. If we want to live in a society, we have to follow certain rules and regulations of that society. (c) —, we have to be cooperative. (d) — , we must help others when they need it. (e) —, we have to be careful not to hurt others by our words or activities. (f) — , we must control our emotions and behave well with others. (g) —, we should not think and live only for us. (h) —, we should always work for the betterment of the society. (i) —, we should sacrifice our lives for others. (j) — , sacrificing our lives for others can make us immortal.
- Smoking in public place is strictly prohibited in some Asian countries. (a) — , Bangladesh Government has made a ban on smoking in public place. (b) — , smoking is very injurious to our health, life and environment. (c) — it is a very dangerous habit. (d) — it can cause fatal diseases like bronchitis, cancer, tuberculosis, high blood pressure, kidney and heart diseases (e) — it also pollutes our environment. (f) — a smoker can harm a noon smoker. (g) — in my family, there is not a single smoker. (h) — the environment of our home always remains fresh. (i) — some people think smoking is a part of fashion. (j) — they completely wrong.
- Nelson Mendela was the greatest leader of South Africa. (a) —, he was one of the greatest leaders of the world. All his life, he struggled against apartheid. The Europeans were separated from the non-Europeans (b) — it was the government policy of racial segregation. (c) — , the blacks were treated cruelly. (d) — , they were denied all basic human rights. (e) — , the blacks were subjected to all sorts of indignities. (f) — dogs received a much better treatment than the blacks. (g) —, they were aliens in their own country. (h) — , the great leader vowed to put an end to the inhuman practice. He was thrown behind the prison bars. (i) — , the oppressive rulers could not break his spirit. (j) — , the great realized the goal of liberating his own people.
- (a) — I was walking along the road the other day, I happened to notice a small brown leather purse lying on the pavement. I picked it up and opened it to see (b) — I could find out the owner’s name. There was nothing inside. It (c) — some small change and a rather old photograph a picture of a woman and a young girl about twelve years old who looked like the woman’s daughter. I put the photograph back (d) — took the purse to the police station. (e) — I handed it to the sergeant-in-charge. Before I left, the sergeant made a note of my name and address In case the owner of the purse wanted to write and thank me. That evening I went to have dinner with an uncle and aunt of mine. They had also invited another person, a young woman, (f) — there would be four people at table. The young woman’s face was familiar, (g) — I could not remember where I had seen it. I was quiet sure, (h) — we had not met before. (i) — Conversation, however, the young woman happened to mark that she had lost her purse that afternoon. I at once remembered where I had seen her face. She was the young woman in the photograph (j) — she was now much older.
Answers
1.(a) however/but (b) still/yet (c) in fact(d) moreover (e) because (f) besides (g) so (h) at the same time (i) moreover (j) above all
2. (a) so (b) in fact (c) firstly (d) therefore/in other words (e) secondly (f) that is why (g) thirdly (h) rather (i) so (j) in fact.
3.(a) similarly (b) in fact (c) at the same time; (d) because (e) and (f) besides (g) fortunately (h) so/as a result (i) nowadays (j) but/in fact
4. (a) in fact (b) as (c) basically (d) moreover (e) furthermore (f) even (g) in other words (h) so (i) nevertheless (j) eventually.
5. (a) while (b) whether/if (c) had (d) and (e) then/there (f) and (g) but (h) that (i) during (j) but
- Soil is necessary for life (a) —— most of our foods come from soil. It is true (b) —— some of us eat meat. (c) —— meat comes from animals that live on plants (d) —— again grow on soil. (e) ——, we do not give food to soil, plants will become weak. (f) —— natural and inorganic manure are necessary for cultivation. (g) —— compost manure is widely used in cultivation. (h) —— agriculture scientists discourage the farmers to use pesticides, (i) —— they opt for a method of catching pests in traditional way. (j) —— it is not so popular.
- Sports are a popular form of entertainment. (a) —— many international sporting events are organized from time to time. (b) —— these events are sponsored by multinational manufacturing companies and business firms. (c) —— they pay for the sports events in exchange for the right to advertise their products during those events. (d) ——, the sponsors products receive maximum media coverage thus giving companies international recognition. This is only the commercial aspect of the international sport. (e) —— there are other aspects too. (f) —— the sports venue becomes a meeting place of the people from different countries, (g) —— people of different nations get together on the occasion of an international sporting event, they come closer to each other. (h) —— they can share views, opinions and friendship. This opportunity creates a sense of brotherhood. (i) ——, getting acquainted with different cultures helps to break down prejudice and broaden outlook. (j) —— globalization has anything to do with the development of international relationship, sporting events can certainly can contribute in a big way.
- Once a crow became thirsty (a) —— it was a very hot summer day. (b) —— it flew from one place to another in search of water, (c) —— it did not find any water to drink. (d) —— being dejected it decided to fly away to another place. (e) —— it noticed a jar in a garden. (f) ——, it flew to the jar. There was some water in the jar. (g) —— it was at the bottom and out of its reach. (h) ——, it did not lose hope. It noticed a heap of pebbles nearby. (i) ——, it dropped the pebbles into the jar one by one. (j) ——, the water came to the mouth of the jar and the crow drank to its full satisfaction.
- If you minutely observe a good teacher, you will see that he/she has some qualities that make him or her different from others. (a) ——, a good teacher does not sit motionless in front of the class. (b) —— he walks about the class and it helps him or her to watch over all the students. (c) ——, a good teacher is a clear speaker with good, strong and pleasing voice which is always under his or her control. (d) ——, he or she is able to hold the attention and interest of his or her students. (e) ——, a good teacher knows that every student has something valuable inside him through and by using it, he can shine. (f) ——, he or she discovers the hidden treasure within a student to make him confident. (g) ——, a good teacher has the qualities of an actor. But there is a difference between them. An actor utters memorized words and acts according to the directions coming from the director. (h) ——, a good teacher has to suit his act according to the need of his or her class. (i) ——, a good teacher never hankers after money and he or she is content with what he or she possesses. (j) ——, a good teacher plays a significant role in building up an educated nation and, thus, he or she dispels the darkness of ignorance from the lot of a nation.
- Once there lived a good number of frogs in a pond. On a rainy day, they were in a joyous mood. (a) ——, they started playing. (b) ——, there were only a few them, (c) ——, almost all the frogs joined the play. (d) ——, the young ones were very enthusiastic. They jumped into the air and then dived into water. (e) —— some of them began to sing in a loud voice. (f) ——, they were really wonderful to watch on. (g) ——, some boys were passing by the pond. One of them proposed to hit the frogs with pieces of stone in order to have some fun. (h) ——, they started throwing stone at the frogs. (i) ——, some of the frogs got injured and some of them were killed but the boys did not stop their cruel game. (j) ——, they continued throwing stones at the innocent frogs.
1. Soil is necessary for life (a) because most of our foods come from soil. It is true (b) that some of us eat meat. (c) However, meat comes from animals that live on plants (d) which, again, grow on soil. (e) Therefore, if we do not give food to soil, plants will become weak. (f) Consequently, natural and inorganic manure are necessary for cultivation. (g) As a result, compost manure is widely used in cultivation. (h) However, agriculture scientists discourage the farmers to use pesticides (i) instead, they opt for a method of catching pests in a traditional way. (j) Unfortunately, it is not so popular.
2. Sports are a popular form of entertainment (a) because many international sporting events are organized from time to time. (b) These events are sponsored by multinational manufacturing companies and business firms. (c) Consequently, they pay for the sports events in exchange for the right to advertise their products during those events. (d) In addition, the sponsors’ products receive maximum media coverage, thus giving companies international recognition. This is only the commercial aspect of international sport (e); however, there are other aspects too. (f) For instance, the sports venue becomes a meeting place for people from different countries (g) where people of different nations get together on the occasion of an international sporting event, they come closer to each other. (h) As a result, they can share views, opinions, and friendship. This opportunity creates a sense of brotherhood. (i) Moreover, getting acquainted with different cultures helps to break down prejudice and broaden outlook. (j) If globalization has anything to do with the development of international relationships, sporting events can certainly contribute in a big way.
3. Once a crow became thirsty (a) because it was a very hot summer day. (b) Therefore, it flew from one place to another in search of water. (c) However, it did not find any water to drink. (d) Feeling dejected, it decided to fly away to another place. (e) Luckily, it noticed a jar in a garden. (f) However, the water was at the bottom and out of its reach. (g) Nevertheless, it did not lose hope. It noticed a heap of pebbles nearby. (i) Subsequently, it dropped the pebbles into the jar one by one. (j) As a result, the water came to the mouth of the jar, and the crow drank to its full satisfaction.
4. If you minutely observe a good teacher, you will see that he/she has some qualities that make him or her different from others. (a) For instance, a good teacher does not sit motionless in front of the class. (b) Instead, he walks about the class, and it helps him or her to watch over all the students. (c) Furthermore, a good teacher is a clear speaker with a good, strong, and pleasing voice which is always under his or her control. (d) Moreover, he or she is able to hold the attention and interest of his or her students. (e) Additionally, a good teacher knows that every student has something valuable inside him, and through and by using it, he can shine. (f) Therefore, he or she discovers the hidden treasure within a student to make him confident. (g) However, a good teacher has the qualities of an actor. But there is a difference between them. (h) While an actor utters memorized words and acts according to the directions coming from the director, (i) a good teacher has to suit his act according to the need of his or her class. (j) Furthermore, a good teacher never hankers after money and he or she is content with what he or she possesses. Finally, a good teacher plays a significant role in building up an educated nation and, thus, he or she dispels the darkness of ignorance from the lot of a nation.
5. Once there lived a good number of frogs in a pond. On a rainy day, they were in a joyous mood. (a) Therefore, they started playing. (b) However, there were only a few of them. (c) Nevertheless, almost all the frogs joined the play. (d) Particularly, the young ones were very enthusiastic. They jumped into the air and then dived into the water. (e) In addition, some of them began to sing in a loud voice. (f) Undoubtedly, they were really wonderful to watch. (g) Unfortunately, some boys were passing by the pond. One of them proposed to hit the frogs with pieces of stone in order to have some fun. (h) Shockingly, they started throwing stones at the frogs. (i) Consequently, some of the frogs got injured and some of them were killed, but the boys did not stop their cruel game. (j) Heartbreakingly, they continued throwing stones at the innocent frogs.
- ‘Globalization’ is a term (a) —— came into popular usage in 1980’s to describe the increased movement of people, knowledge (b) —— ideas. (c) —— globalization is often thought of an economic terms, this process has many social and political implications as well. (d) —— there are heated debate about globalization and its positive and negative effects. (e) —— globalization is thought of by many (f) —— having the potential to make societies richer through trade and to bring knowledge and information to people around the world, there are many others (g) —— perceive globalization as contributing to the exploitation of the poor by the rich. To put a complicated discussion in simple terms, they argue that exploitative (h) —— declining conditions contribute to the lure of informal ‘extremist’ networks (i) —— commit criminal (j) —— terrorist acts internationally. So, we should be aware of the bad effects of globalization.
- An ideal teacher has some special qualities. (a) ——, he is a very dutiful and responsible person. (b) ——, he is (c) —— punctual and preserving (d) —— helpful and sympathetic. (e) ——, the teaching method of an ideal teacher is (f) —— inspiring (g) —— motivating. Through all these qualities an ideal teacher, (h) ——, tries to discover the latent talent of a student. (i) ——, an ideal teacher tries to create ideal citizens for the society, (j) —— for the world.
- A policeman has many duties to perform. (a) —— he maintains law and order in the country. He is, (b) ——, called the guardian of law and order. He keeps sharp eye on social miscreants. (c) —— they go unruly, he arrests them (d) —— thereafter, takes them to the police station. There are traffic police also. The duty of a traffic policeman is very hard (e) —— he has to stand under the scorching sun (f) —— in heavy rain for hours together.
- Time and tide wait for none. (a) ——, no one can stop the onward march of time. (b) ——, we should not waste a single moment in vain. (c) ——, we should make proper use of every single moment of our life. (d) ——, the students should understand the value of time. It is a matter of great regret that some of the students pass away their valuable time in facebook. (e) ——, they kill their time. (f) ——, they cannot prepare their lesson well. (g) —— they always have a poor preparation for the examination. (h) ——, they cannot do well in the examination. (i) ——, they do not stop wasting time. (j) ——, they continue to waste their time using facebook till it is too late for them.
- Our country is facing many problems but one of the serious problems is unemployment. There are many reasons behind this problem, (a) ——, rising population, inflation, low salary, recession, slow business expansion, advancement of technology, corruption etc. Unemployment problem creates some other problems for us. (b) ——, the problem of unemployment gives rise to the problem of poverty. (c) ——, it increases the rate of crimes as the unemployed youth don’t have anything to do but engage in robbery, murder etc. (d) ——, to get rid from the unemployment stress, they accept alcohol or drugs or sometimes they commit suicide (e) ——, it affects our youths mentally as well as physically. In order to get rid of this problem, (f) ——, we have to control the rising population of our country. (g) ——, the quality of our education should be improved. (h) ——, Government should encourage and develop the agriculture based industries in rural areas. (i) ——, rapid industrialization should be created. (j) ——, we have to work together to keep us free from this problem.
- Mobile phone has added a new dimension into our communication system. It has made the world closer to us. (a) ——, it has made worldwide communication easier. We use it for our dayto- day communication. (b) ——, it has been a part and parcel in our life as we cannot go for a single day without using it. We use it for rapid communication. (c) —— mobile phone is not free from defect. It has some negative sides as well. (d) ——, excessive use of mobile phone may cause our hearing problem. (e) ——, it is a means of money wastage. (f) ——, it is seen that many underground crimes are being done with the use of mobile network. (g) ——, the radiation from mobile phone may cause cancer to the users. (h) ——, we are aware of these harmful effects. (i) ——, we are not aware of using the mobile phone. (j) ——, we must have to be conscious about the negative impact of mobile phone and accordingly, we should use it carefully.
- Globalization’ is a term (a) that came into popular usage in the 1980s to describe the increased movement of people, knowledge (b) and ideas. (c) While globalization is often thought of an economic terms, this process has many social and political implications as well. (d) Consequently, there are heated debates about globalization and its positive and negative effects. (e) While globalization is thought of by many (f) as having the potential to make societies richer through trade and to bring knowledge and information to people around the world, there are many others (g) who perceive globalization as contributing to the exploitation of the poor by the rich. To put a complicated discussion in simple terms, they argue that exploitative (h) and declining conditions contribute to the lure of informal ‘extremist’ networks (i) that commit criminal (j) and terrorist acts internationally. So, we should be aware of the bad effects of globalization.
- An ideal teacher has some special qualities. (a) Firstly, he is a very dutiful and responsible person. (b) Moreover, he is (c) punctual and preserving (d) and helpful and sympathetic. (e) Additionally, the teaching method of an ideal teacher is (f) inspiring and (g) motivating. Through all these qualities, an ideal teacher (h) tries to discover the latent talent of a student. (i) Furthermore, an ideal teacher tries to create ideal citizens for the society, (j) not just for the world.
- A policeman has many duties to perform. (a) Firstly, he maintains law and order in the country. He is, (b) therefore, called the guardian of law and order. He keeps a sharp eye on social miscreants. (c) If they go unruly, he arrests them (d) and thereafter takes them to the police station. There are traffic police officers as well. The duty of a traffic policeman is very hard (e) as he has to stand under the scorching sun (f) or in heavy rain for hours together.
- Time and tide wait for none. (a) Therefore, no one can stop the onward march of time. (b) Consequently, we should not waste a single moment in vain. (c) Instead, we should make proper use of every single moment of our life. (d) Unfortunately, some students pass away their valuable time on Facebook. (e) Consequently, they kill their time. (f) As a result, they cannot prepare their lessons well. (g) Consequently, they always have poor preparation for the examination. (h) Therefore, they cannot do well in the examination. (i) Moreover, they do not stop wasting time. (j) Instead, they continue to waste their time using Facebook until it is too late for them.
- Our country is facing many problems, but one of the serious problems is unemployment. There are many reasons behind this problem, (a) such as rising population, inflation, low salary, recession, slow business expansion, advancement of technology, corruption, etc. Unemployment problem creates some other problems for us. (b) For instance, the problem of unemployment gives rise to the problem of poverty. (c) Moreover, it increases the rate of crimes as the unemployed youth don’t have anything to do but engage in robbery, murder, etc. (d) In addition, to get rid of the unemployment stress, they accept alcohol or drugs, or sometimes they commit suicide (e) and it affects our youths mentally as well as physically. In order to get rid of this problem, (f) we have to control the rising population of our country. (g) Furthermore, the quality of our education should be improved. (h) Additionally,
- The name of our college is Sonar Bangla Intermediate College. It is situated at Dumur Upazila in Khagrachari district. It is a famous college in our area. (a), its HSC result is quite satisfactory. (b), almost 50% of the HSC candidates get GPA-5. (c), some bright students get Golden A Plus. The teachers of this college are highly educated. (d), they are skilled and experienced. They take care of us as their own children. (e), we are respectful and obedient to them. (f), we make a nice environment for study. Next year, we are going to sit for the HSC exam. (g), we are studying hard to prepare ourselves. Our respected teachers are guiding us (h). It is we who are to uphold the name and fame of our college to the nation. (i), it is our sacred duty. (j), we must work hard for the sake of our college.
- Population of a country is an asset. (a) —— when it grows beyond limit, it becomes a problem. Bangladesh is a small country. But it has large population which causes a lot of problems for us. There are many reasons of this problem. (b) ——, most of our people are illiterate. (c) —— they do not know the result of their problem. They give birth to many children in their life. (d) ——there are many superstitions that Allah has made us and He will feed us. (e) ——many parents want male child. (f) ——our climate is another cause of the growth of population. (g) — many people do not know about family planning. (h) ——it creates many problems for us. (i) ——we should control this growth of population. (j) ——it will hamper our development.
- The name of our college is Sonar Bangla Intermediate College. It is situated at Dumur Upazila in Khagrachari district. It is a famous college in our area. (a), its HSC result is quite satisfactory. (b), almost 50% of the HSC candidates get GPA-5. (c), some bright students get Golden A Plus. The teachers of this college are highly educated. (d), they are skilled and experienced. They take care of us as their own children. (e), we are respectful and obedient to them. (f), we make a nice environment for study. Next year, we are going to sit for the HSC exam. (g), we are studying hard to prepare ourselves. Our respected teachers are guiding us (h). It is we who are to uphold the name and fame of our college to the nation. (i), it is our sacred duty. (j), we must work hard for the sake of our college. Population of a country is an asset. (a) —— when it grows beyond limit, it becomes a problem. Bangladesh is a small country. But it has large population which causes a lot of problems for us. There are many reasons of this problem. (b) ——, most of our people are illiterate. (c) —— they do not know the result of their problem. They give birth to many children in their life. (d) ——there are many superstitions that Allah has made us and He will feed us. (e) ——many parents want male child. (f) ——our climate is another cause of the growth of population. (g) — many people do not know about family planning. (h) ——it creates many problems for us. (i) ——we should control this growth of population. (j) ——it will hamper our development.
- The name of our college is Sonar Bangla Intermediate College, and (a) it is situated at Dumur Upazila in Khagrachari district. (b) Furthermore, it is a famous college in our area. Notably, (c) almost 50% of the HSC candidates get GPA-5, and (d) some bright students even achieve the prestigious Golden A Plus. The teachers of this college are highly educated, (e) and they are skilled and experienced. (f) Additionally, they take care of us as their own children, which creates a nice environment for study. As we are preparing for the HSC exam next year, (g) we are studying hard to prepare ourselves, while (h) our respected teachers are guiding us. It is we who are to uphold the name and fame of our college to the nation, (i) and it is our sacred duty. Therefore, (j) we must work hard for the sake of our college.
- Population of a country is an asset, (a) but when it grows beyond limit, it becomes a problem. Bangladesh is a small country, (b) and it has a large population which causes a lot of problems for us. There are many reasons for this problem. (c) Firstly, most of our people are illiterate, (d) and they do not know the result of their problem. Consequently, they give birth to many children in their life. (e) Furthermore, there are many superstitions that Allah has made us and He will feed us, leading to an increase in population. Additionally, (f) many parents want a male child, contributing to the population growth. Another cause of the growth of population is our climate. (g) Moreover, many people do not know about family planning, (h) and it creates many problems for us. Therefore, (i) we should control this growth of population, as (j) it will hamper our development.
- Illiteracy is a social disease. It is the root cause of ignorance (a) ——foils all development efforts of the government and community. No development effort can succeed (b) —— illiteracy can be removed. Eradication of illiteracy, in a country (c) ——Bangladesh with so vast a population is undoubtedly an uphill task. Any individual, community or organization (d) ——the government is not capable of solving this immense problem singled-handed. It is the social responsibility of all the educated people, men and women to make some all out efforts to root out illiteracy from the society. The Government of Bangladesh has already undertaken some effective programmes (e) ——.
- There was a lazy king. He was very much unwilling to do any laborious work. (a) ——he grew very fat and could not move from one place to another easily? (b) ——, he called in a doctor. (c) ——the doctor was very clever and wise. (d) ——he could easily understand that the idleness of the king was the root cause of his obesity. (e) ——he thought that if he could reduce the obesity of the king, he would feel well. (f) —— the only way to do this was to advise the king to do physical labour. (g) ——, the doctor was afraid how he could ask the king for physical labour. (h) ——he thought that if the king did not do physical labour, he would grow more bulky. (i) — —, he hit upon a plan, gave the king a club and told him to move it in the air till his hands got moistened. (j) ——, the king became thin from an obese man.
- All the virtues depend on the one virtue of perseverance. It is lack of perseverance, not lack of ability, (a) ——is the cause of most of the sad failures, (b) ——men do not persevere in overcoming one difficulty at a time, that they fail. (c) ——stacking to one aim in life (d) ——it is realized, they hesitate, change from one aim to another and (e) ——create for themselves (f) —— a series of difficulties as can never be overcome by human power, (g) ——they fail to accomplish anything. (h) ——a small stream will carve out for itself a deep channel simply by constantly flowing. Without perseverance, all other virtues are like the deceitful fairy gold of the fairy-tales, (i) ——turns to worthless stones (j) ——you try to use it as money in the shops.
- Illiteracy is a social disease. It is the root cause of ignorance (a) that foils all development efforts of the government and community. No development effort can succeed (b) unless illiteracy can be removed. Eradication of illiteracy, in a country (c) like Bangladesh with so vast a population, is undoubtedly an uphill task. Any individual, community, or organization (d) other than the government is not capable of solving this immense problem single-handed. It is the social responsibility of all the educated people, men, and women to make some all-out efforts to root out illiteracy from the society. The Government of Bangladesh has already undertaken some effective programs (e) in this regard.
- There was a lazy king. He was very much unwilling to do any laborious work. (a) Consequently, he grew very fat and could not move from one place to another easily. (b) In order to address this issue, he called in a doctor. (c) Luckily, the doctor was very clever and wise. (d) Therefore, he could easily understand that the idleness of the king was the root cause of his obesity. (e) Consequently, he thought that if he could reduce the obesity of the king, he would feel well. (f) However, the only way to do this was to advise the king to do physical labor. (g) Nevertheless, the doctor was afraid of how he could ask the king for physical labor. (h) Since he thought that if the king did not do physical labor, he would grow more bulky. (i) Hence, he hit upon a plan, gave the king a club, and told him to move it in the air till his hands got moistened. (j) As a result, the king became thin from an obese man.
- All the virtues depend on the one virtue of perseverance. It is lack of perseverance, not lack of ability, (a) that is the cause of most of the sad failures. (b) It is when men do not persevere in overcoming one difficulty at a time that they fail. (c) By sticking to one aim in life, (d) until it is realized, they hesitate, change from one aim to another and (e) thus create for themselves (f) such a series of difficulties as can never be overcome by human power. (g) Consequently, they fail to accomplish anything. (h) Just as a small stream will carve out for itself a deep channel simply by constantly flowing, without perseverance, all other virtues are like the deceitful fairy gold of the fairy tales (i) that turns to worthless stones (j) when you try to use it as money in the shops.
- Child labour is a very common phenomenon in Bangladesh. Ours is an agro-based country. (a) ——a citizen owns a very small plot of land, (b) ——it is not at all sufficient for his existence, (c) ——there are a lot of landless people too. (d) ——they continue as day labourers, (e) ——they cannot maintain their families, they are compelled to engage their children in manual work in their very childhood (f) ——, most of the children work as domestic servants and maidservants, (g) ——they are sometimes engaged for making gardens, (h) ——many children work in workshops, hotels and shops, (i) ——children have rights to educated themselves for the preparation of life, they cannot fulfil it. (j) ——people of all walks of life and the government should try sincerely to solve this problem and help them so that they can get the light of education.
- (a) —— I was coming to Dhaka from Khulna by launch. The weather was very fine and the sky was clear. (b) ——, we all the passengers were in a jolly mood. We all were enjoying the beautiful natural scenery on the either side of the river. (c) ——, the sun set. (d) ——, the weather turned foul (e) ——, there were deep clouds in the sky. (f) ——, a serious storm rose. (g) ——, we all the passengers were terribly upset. The launch was not very big. (h) ——, it was very old. (i) ——, there was no lifeboat in the launch. We lost all hope of life. (j) ——, we were saved by the grace of the Almighty in that fearful night.
- Once there lived a good number of frogs in a pond. On a rainy day, they were in a joyous mood. (a) —— , they started playing. (b) ——, there were only a few of them. (c) ——, almost all the frogs joined the play. (d) ——, the young ones were very enthusiastic. They jumped into the air and then dived into water. (e) ——, some of them began to sing in a loud voice. (f) ——, they were really wonderful to watch on. (g) ——, some boys were passing by the pond. One of them proposed to hit the frogs with stones in order to have some fun. (h) ——, they started throwing stones at the frogs. (i) ——, some of the frogs got injured and some of them were killed but the boys did not stop their cruel game. (j) ——they continued throwing stones at the innocent frogs.
1. (a) As (b) a result, (c) in addition, (d) consequently, (e) due to this, (f) furthermore, (g) moreover, (h) similarly, (i) since, (j) therefore
2. (a) On the contrary, (b) consequently, (c) thereafter, (d) however, (e) subsequently, (f) consequently, (g) nevertheless, (h) furthermore, (i) unfortunately, (j) thankfully
3. (a) Consequently, (b) initially, (c) gradually, (d) meanwhile, (e) moreover, (f) additionally, (g) unfortunately, (h) subsequently, (i) unfortunately, (j) hence
- The changes in the earth’s weather are called climate change. (a) ——, it refers to the increase in the temperature of the earth’s atmosphere caused by the increase of greenhouse gases. Climate change is not a regional problem. (b) ——, it is a global problem. It cannot be dealt single handed. (c) ——, it must be addressed by all the countries of the world. (d) ——, Bangladesh is playing the leading role in the world forum. (e) ——, it will take time to initiate pragmatic actions against climate change. (f) ——we cannot remain idle. We need to take immediate steps. (g) ——, we immediately should stop deforestation at our national level. (h) — —, we have to enhance afforestation. (i) ——, we should take necessary steps to minimize the emission of greenhouse gases. (j) ——, we should keep ourselves up-to-date with the international community regarding our strategy to fight against climate change.
- Students are the future leaders of a country. (a) ——being regular students, they can take part in a lot of welfare work of a country. (b) ——in developing countries students render a great service. (c) ——, students should be conscious. (d) ——it is their foremost duty to make the people conscious. (e) ——student politics is very common in the educational institutions. (f) —— they go for mass meetings; chant slogans for national interest. (g) ——they can spend a lot of time for public welfare. (h) ——they can bring the national development (i) ——, it will be a great service for the whole nation. (j) ——he will be rewarded.
- Bangladesh is a small country (a) ——has a huge population. Most people here live below the poverty line and cannot (b) ——educate there children. Many poor children either drop out of school just after a few years or simply do not go to school (c) ——. (d) ——this situation we have far too many students to educate compared to the institutions available. (e) ——every educational institutions are overcrowded and class size is unusually large. (f) ——facilities is these institutions are poor students do not get a standard education. (g) ——many educational institutions are troubled with politics and violence. (h) ——institutions are closed down to avoid clashes between rival groups of students. (i) ——closures badly affect academic progress. (j) — —our education lacks congenial atmosphere.
1. (a) Firstly, (b) moreover, (c) Additionally, (d) Furthermore, (e) However, (f) Therefore, (g) Consequently, (h) Furthermore, (i) Moreover, (j) Consequently
2. (a) By (b) Additionally, (c) Moreover, (d) Furthermore, (e) Since, (f) Additionally, (g) Furthermore, (h) Moreover, (i) Furthermore, (j) Moreover
3. (a) Although, (b) Consequently, (c) Therefore, (d) Furthermore, (e) Additionally, (f) Moreover, (g) Furthermore, (h) Consequently, (i) Moreover, (j) Moreover
- Health is one of the most important phenomena in human life. (a) ——, a healthy man can earn money and accumulate wealth. (b) ——, health is compared to wealth. (c)——, it is health that can give us bliss and make us happy. (d) ——, health alone can enable us to enjoy our life to full. (e) ——, it is not easy to have a sound health. For this, we have to maintain some certain rules and habit. (f) ——, we have to take a balanced diet. (g) ——, we must take physical exercise regularly. (h) ——, we have to be early riser. (i) ——, we have to lead a decent life. (j) — —, we can attain good health and consequently, wealth.
- Pamela is a very sincere student. (a) ——she finds time, she sits in her table. She does well in her college tests. (b) ——she participates in extra-curricular activities. (c) ——her brother Rony is very inattentive to his studies. (d) ——he can’t do well in his school tests (e) ——he mixes with bad boys. One day, his father called him and said, “You should be attentive to study. (f) ——you won’t be able to shine in life.” (g) ——Rony didn’t pay attention to his father’s advice. (h) ——, he wasted his valuable time playing cards with his friends. (i) ——he, failed in the test exam. When his father heard the news, he became very angry. (j) ——Rony’s father called on Rony at his room.
1. (a) Moreover, (b) Additionally, (c) Furthermore, (d) Moreover, (e) Additionally, (f) Furthermore, (g) However, (h) Consequently, (i) Moreover, (j) Furthermore
