Preposition Exercises

1. Complete the text with suitable prepositions. [Dhaka Board-2019]

Mr Reza works (a)—a clerk in a local school. He is poor but honest. His honesty is known (b)—everyone in his locality. He often suffers (c)—hunger. He is deprived (d)— comfort and many other things. Nevertheless, he does not long (e)—wealth. He never hankers (f)— name and fame. He leads his life (g)— satisfied (h)— what he has. But sometimes he runs into debt and poverty is responsible his (i)—this debt. However, he does not like to depend (j)—others.

Answer: (a) as; (b) to; (c) from; (d) of; (e) for; (f) after; (g) by; (h) with; (i) for; (j) on.

2. [Rajshahi Board-2019] When the sun was setting (a)—the treetops, the jailor came (b)—the room of Socrates to bid him prepare (c)—death. In those days, people were sentenced to death by giving a cup (d)—poison in Athens. Socrates knew this and he nodded (e)— the jailor. Bursting (f)—tears the jailor went out of the room and returned (g)—a cup of hemlock. Socrates lifted the cup to his lips. His pupils tried to keep back their tears but soon the room was filled (h)—the sound of weeping. With the cup of poison hand, Socrates said, “What is the strange sound? I have heard that a man should die (j)—peace. So be silent and have patience.

Answer: (a) behind/under/over; (b) to/into/inside; (c) for; (d) of; (e) to/at; (f) into; (g) with; (h) with: (i) in; (j) in.

3. [Dinajpur Board-2019] A craftwork in an applied form (a)—art, a social and cultural product reflecting the inclusive nature (b)—folk imagination. A craftwork, which usually doesn’t bear the signature of its maker, retains a personal touch. When we look (c)—a thirty-year-old nakshikantha, we wonder (d)—its motifs and designs that point (e)— the artistic ingenuity and the presence of the maker (f)—it. The fact that we don’t know her name or any other details (g)—her doesn’t take anything (h)—from our appreciation (i)—the artist. Indeed, the intimate nature ((j)—the kantha and the tactile feeling in it generates animate the work and make it very inviting.

Answer: (a) of; (b) of; (c) at; (d) at; (e) to; (f in/of; (g) about/of; (h) away; (i) of; (j) of.

4. [Jashore Board-2019] Patriotism is the quality inherent (a)—a man. This is why, he feels a natural attachment (b)—his native land. Love (c)— motherland is necessary for the betterment of a nation. The people who are patriotic are noted (d)—their patriotism. They are different (e)—other people. Their contribution does not sink (f)—oblivion. They are worthy (g)—praise. They lay down their lives for the good of the country. They are not unaware (h)—their status in society. They are celebrated (i)—their patriotism. They should not be looked down (j)—in any way.

Answer: (a) in; (b) to; (c) for; (d) for; (e) from; (f) into; (g) of; (h) of; (i) for; (j) upon.

5. [Cumilla Board-2019] Preposition connects all types (a)—words together and supports them make better sense (b)—the readers. They help us to understand the relationship (c)—objects. (d)— example, the book and the table (e)—the kitchen. This ensures you a basic understanding. If we add another preposition, it makes it even clearer. This book is (f)—top of the table (g)— the kitchen. We have a clear picture (h)—our mind (i)—the relation of those two objects and their relationship (j)—each other.

Answer: (a) of; (b) to/for; (c) among/with; (d) For; (e) in/inside; (f) on; (g) in; (h) in; (i) about; (j) with /between.

6. [Chattogram Board-2019] What are the qualities of a good student? A good student is always attentive (a)—his studies. He is never indifferent (b)— his studies. He does not learn things (c)—note. He is always curious and innovative. He does not hunt only (d)—traditional guide books. His thirst (e)—knowledge knows on bounds. He does not confine himself (f)—the traditional studies. He is aware (g)—the current affairs (h)—the world. He listens (i)— his teachers and abides (j)—their advice.

Answer: (a) to; (b) to; (C) from; (d) for; (e) for; (f) to; (g) of; (h) of; (1) to; (j) by.

7. [Sylhet Board-2019] Luna’s cat was missing. So she started looking around (a)—it. She opened her closet and looked (b)— Then she went to the bedroom crawling (c)—the floor to look (d) the bed. The cat was not there. In fact, it was nowhere inside the house. Therefore, Luma decided to go (e)— to look for it. Just as she was (f)—to open the door, the doorbell rang. It was her neighbour, Mrs Haq, “Look, Luna! Your cat is (g)— the sunshade!” said Mrs Haq pointing (h)—a tall building opposite (i)—her house. Luna smiled and thanked her friendly neighbour, saying that (j)—her help she would not be able to find out her cat.

Answer: (a) for; (b) into; (c) on; (d) under; (e) out; (f) about; (g) on/under; (h) at/towards; (i) to; (j) without.

8. [Barishal Board-2019] The old grey-bearded sailor sat (a)—a stone (b)—the church. The sailor watched the people walking (c)—him. The marriage guest listened (d)—him. He had a strange mad look (e)— his eyes. The old man told him (f)—his last journey (g)—the sea. They had sailed away (h)—the south (i)—they arrived (j)-cold grey seas.

Answer: (a) on; (b) outside/ near/ behind/ by/ beside/before; (c) past/to/towards/by; (d) to; (e) in; (f) about/of; (g) on/in; (h) to/towards; (i) until/till; (j) in/at.

9. [Board Question-2018 (Ka Set)] Trees are very useful (a)— protect the rich topsoil (c)— getting washed away (d)—rainwater and floods. We can see trees being grown along the mountain slopes (e)—the roadsides (f)—the parks and gardens. They add beauty (g)—our lives. They provide us (h)—food, wood, shade, shelter and so on. They take (i)—carbon-di-oxide and produce oxygen. So we should take care (j)—trees.

Answer: (a) to; (b) for; (c) from; (d) by; (e) by; (f) in; (g) to; (h) with; (i) in; (j) of.

10. [Board Question-2018 (Kha Set)] Do you have any idea (a)—a cyber cafe? It’s a place teeming (b)— information. It’s a network (c)—all networks. It is a place (d)—computers (e)—which customers can use the internet and send e-mails and so on. A cybercafe is closely associated (f)— internet communication system. A customer sitting (g) – the cafe can communicate (h) – people (i) -the world. In fact, a cyber cafe is not prejudicial (j)-our development.

Answer: (a) of/about; (b) with; (c) of; (d) of/with; (e) in/at/by/through; (f) with; (g) in/at; (h) with; (i) around/ across/of/through/at; () to.

11. [Dhaka Board-2017] The environment plays an important role (a)—our life. (b)— short, what we have (c)— us including people, houses, air, water etc. is called environment. These are the main elements (d)—our environment. (e)— ensuing sound life the balance (f) — the natural elements is very significant. Sometimes (g)— lack of knowledge, we don’t realise the importance (h)— it. As a result, we are polluting our environment unknowingly. Living (i)—- a polluted environment is undoubtedly a matter (j)—great man.

Answer: (a) in; (b) In; (c) around; (d) of; (e) For; (f) among/of; (g) for; (h) of; (i) in; (j) of.

12. [Rajshahi Board-2017] Ours is a riverine country. Rivers are everywhere (a)—our life-literature, economy and culture. But are the rivers (b)—good shape? Unfortunately, they are not. A few are already dead and several are going (c)— the pangs of death. The river Buriganga is an example (d) – a dying river. A report published in The Daily Sun describes what has happened (e)—the river Buriganga and why. Its water is polluted and a perpetual stench fills the air. (f)—it. The report says that the river had a glorious past. Once it was a tributary (g)—the Ganges and flowed (h)—the Bay of Bengal (i)—the river Dhaleswari. Gradually, it lost its link (j)—the Ganges and got the name Buriganga.

Answer: (a) in; (b) in; (c) through; (d) of; (e) to; (f) around; (g) of; (h) into; (i) through; (j) with.

13. [Dinajpur Board-2017] Badal lived (a)—a village of Bangladesh. He was a schoolboy. There was a canal (b)—his way (c)— school. An old bridge was (d)—that canal. It was useful to one and all of the villagers. Yet none cared (e)— its repair. So one day it broke (f)—and caused a good deal (g)hardship to the villagers. They were (h)—difficulty. They could not go to the town (i)—the other side of the canal to sell their fruits and vegetables profitably. They sold their production (j)—local market at a nominal price.

Answer: (a) in/at; (b) on; (c) to/towards; (d) over; (e) about; (f) down; (g) of; (h) in; (i) on; (j) in/at.

14. [Jashore Board-2017] It would be impossible (a)— us to continue living in this world if each of us knew exactly what fate had (b)—store for us. So, Allah in His mercy conceals the future (c)—all His creatures and reveals only the present. He hides from the animals what men know, and He hides from men what the angels know. For example, if a lamb had a reason (d)—a man, it could not gamble happily knowing it was destined to be killed (e)—human food. But being quite ignorant (f)—its fate, it is happy to the last moment of its short life contentedly grazing (g)—the flowery meadow, and even in its innocence licks the hands (h)—the butcher who is about to slaughter it. What a blessing it is that we are ignorant (i) – the future! Allah, to whom the death of a sparrow is of equal importance with the death of a hero, has, in His mercy, thus limited our knowledge so that we might fulfil our duty in the sphere! (j)—which has appointed us.

Answer: (a) for; (b) in; (c) of/from; (d) like/for/with/as; (e) for/as; (f) of/about; (g) in/on/at; (h) of/about; (i) of/about; (j) of.

15. [Board Question-2018 (Ka Set)] Trees are very useful (a)— protect the rich topsoil (c)— getting washed away (d)—rainwater and floods. We can see trees being grown along the mountain slopes (e)—the roadsides (f)—the parks and gardens. They add beauty (g)—our lives. They provide us (h)—food, wood, shade, shelter and so on. They take (i)—carbon-di-oxide and produce oxygen. So we should take care (j)—trees.

Answer: (a) to; (b) for; (c) from; (d) by; (e) by; (f) in; (g) to; (h) with; (i) in; (j) of.

16. [Board Question-2018 (Kha Set)] Do you have any idea (a)—a cyber cafe? It’s a place teeming (b)— information. It’s a network (c)—all networks. It is a place (d)—computers (e)—which customers can use the internet and send e-mails and so on. A cybercafe is closely associated (f)— internet communication system. A customer sitting (g) – the cafe can communicate (h) – people (i) -the world. In fact, a cyber cafe is not prejudicial (j)-our development.

Answer: (a) of/about; (b) with; (c) of; (d) of/with; (e) in/at/by/through; (f) with; (g) in/at; (h) with; (i) around/ across/of/through/at; () to.

17. [Dhaka Board-2017] The environment plays an important role (a)—our life. (b)— short, what we have (c)— us including people, houses, air, water etc. is called environment. These are the main elements (d)—our environment. (e)— ensuing sound life the balance (f) — the natural elements is very significant. Sometimes (g)— lack of knowledge, we don’t realise the importance (h)— it. As a result, we are polluting our environment unknowingly. Living (i)—- a polluted environment is undoubtedly a matter (j)—great man.

Answer: (a) in; (b) In; (c) around; (d) of; (e) For; (f) among/of; (g) for; (h) of; (i) in; (j) of.

18. [Rajshahi Board-2017] Ours is a riverine country. Rivers are everywhere (a)—our life-literature, economy and culture. But are the rivers (b)—good shape? Unfortunately, they are not. A few are already dead and several are going (c)— the pangs of death. The river Buriganga is an example (d) – a dying river. A report published in The Daily Sun describes what has happened (e)—the river Buriganga and why. Its water is polluted and a perpetual stench fills the air. (f)—it. The report says that the river had a glorious past. Once it was a tributary (g)—the Ganges and flowed (h)—the Bay of Bengal (i)—the river Dhaleswari. Gradually, it lost its link (j)—the Ganges and got the name Buriganga.

Answer: (a) in; (b) in; (c) through; (d) of; (e) to; (f) around; (g) of; (h) into; (i) through; (j) with.13. Complete the text with suitable prepositions.

19. [Dinajpur Board-2017] Badal lived (a)—a village of Bangladesh. He was a schoolboy. There was a canal (b)—his way (c)— school. An old bridge was (d)—that canal. It was useful to one and all of the villagers. Yet none cared (e)— its repair. So one day it broke (f)—and caused a good deal (g)hardship to the villagers. They were (h)—difficulty. They could not go to the town (i)—the other side of the canal to sell their fruits and vegetables profitably. They sold their production (j)—local market at a nominal price.

Answer: (a) in/at; (b) on; (c) to/towards; (d) over; (e) about; (f) down; (g) of; (h) in; (i) on; (j) in/at.
14. Complete the text with suitable prepositions.

20. [Jashore Board-2017] It would be impossible (a)— us to continue living in this world if each of us knew exactly what fate had (b)—store for us. So, Allah in His mercy conceals the future (c)—all His creatures and reveals only the present. He hides from the animals what men know, and He hides from men what the angels know. For example, if a lamb had a reason (d)—a man, it could not gamble happily knowing it was destined to be killed (e)—human food. But being quite ignorant (f)—its fate, it is happy to the last moment of its short life contentedly grazing (g)—the flowery meadow, and even in its innocence licks the hands (h)—the butcher who is about to slaughter it. What a blessing it is that we are ignorant (i) – the future! Allah, to whom the death of a sparrow is of equal importance with the death of a hero, has, in His mercy, thus limited our knowledge so that we might fulfil our duty in the sphere! (j)—which has appointed us.

Answer: (a) for; (b) in; (c) of/from; (d) like/for/with/as; (e) for/as; (f) of/about; (g) in/on/at; (h) of/about; (i) of/about; (j) of. 

21. [Dhaka Board-16] A good stock (a) — words is necessary (b) – anybody who wants to use a language. Vocabulary is an essential component (c) — successful communication. It is an integral part (d) —- reading skill. While grammar is important, a lack (e) — vocabulary may result (f) — complete failure to convey a message. Vocabulary includes conceptual knowledge (g) – words that go well (h) — an ordinary dictionary meaning. Students’ vocabulary knowledge is a building process that occurs (i)— – time as they tend to make connections (j)—- other words.

Answer: (a) of; (b) for; (c) of; (d) of; (e) of; (f) in; (g) of; (h) with; (i) in; (j) with.

22. [Rajshahi Board-16] Once an English and a Bengalee gentleman were travelling (a) — the same train and they were in the same compartment, The Englishman was very proud (b) – –himself because he was an Englishman. He looked (c) – –upon the Bengalee gentleman who, however, took no notice (d) — it and went to sleep (e) — peace. As soon as the Bengalee gentleman was · asleep, the Englishman picked (f) — the gentleman’s shoes and threw them (g) — the window and went to sleep. When the Bengalee gentleman woke up, he looked for his shoes and understood it. Then he took the Englishman’s long coat (h) — the wall and threw it outside the window and returned (i) —- bed laughingly. Next morning the Englishman became startled and shouted. Where’s my coat gone?” “Your coat has gone to fetch my shoes,” said the gentleman (j) — a smile. the Bengalee gentleman was Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee.

Answer: (a) in; (b) of; (c) down; (d) of; (e) in / for; (f) up; (g) through; (h) from; (i) to; (j) with.

23. [Jashore Board-16] A teacher is an architect (a) – a nation. He plays an important role (b)— building up an educated nation. He dispels the darkness, (c) — ignorance (d) — the lot of a nation. He is an actor, so to speak. He has to suit his act according (e) — the need of his audience which is his class. He is a clear speaker (f) — good, strong and pleasing voice which is (g) – his control. He does not sit motionless (h) — his class. Everybody has something valuable (i)—-him. A good teacher discovers the treasure hidden inside each student. He also wants the students happy and for this he keeps them busy. A good teacher never hankers (j) — –money.

Answer: (a) of; (b) in/for; (c) of; (d) from; (e) to; (f) with; (g) under/within; (h) in; (i) in: (j) after.

24. [Cumilla Board-16] A good student is never indifferent (a) — his studies. He always adheres (b) – his studies. He does not learn things (c) – rote. He does not hunt (d) — traditional guide books. Moreover he has great thirst (e) – knowledge. For this he does not confine himself (f) – the traditional studies. He is always aware (g) — the current affairs (h) – the world. He abides (i) – his teachers advice and jots (j) – their lessons.

Answer : (a) to; (b) to; (c) by; (d) for; (e) for; (f) to; (g) of; (h) in/of; (i) by; (j) down.

25. [Chattogram Board-16] Flowers are the excellent gift of nature. They have existed (a) — the earth (b) — prehistoric time. Since then they have been treated (c) — the symbol of beauty. It is an undeniable fact that flowers are used (d) — various spheres (e) — our life. It is used mostly (f) – decoration. People (g) – all walks of life use flowers usually (h) — national occasion and (i) – wedding. Everyone prefers flowers (j) – expressing their love and devotion.

Answer: (a) on (b) from; (c) as; (d) in; (e) of; (f) for; (g) of; (h) for/on; (i) for; (j) for.

26. [Sylhet Board-16] The science fair held (a) — our college paved a new way for us to gather practical knowledge. Many of our friends took part (b) — the fair (c) — their projects. We showed genuine interest (d) — them. Most of the projects were made.(e) — consistent (f) — the prevailing world situation. They were intended (g) — acquaint us (h) — the solutions (i) –some common problems we are facing specially in regard to the environment we live in. We were sanguine (j) — achieving success and we really achieved it.

Answer: (a) in; (b) in; (c) with; (d) in; (e) in; (f) with; (g) to; (h) with; (i) to; (j) of

27. [Barishal Board-16] During holidays when my mother went to sleep (a) — noon, we went to the railway line. There, along with other children, I watched how the trains passed (b) — innumerable unknown facts. My father got an appointment (c)— a town school and he moved (d) — the town immediately with all the members of the family. I was admitted (e)— my father’s school. I felt that my school fellows had no feeling (f) – one another as we had in the village. However, I have gradually adjusted myself (g)—- town life. I am happy with my new friends but my heart aches (h) — the happy childhood days. Childhood is free (i) —- worries and has infinite capacity (j)— -enjoyment.

Answer :(a) at; (b) through/with; (c) in; (d) to; (e) into; (f) for; (g) to; (h) for; (i) from; (j) for.

28. [Dinajpur Board 2016] Greenhouse effect is the gradual warming (a) — the air surrounding the earth as a result of heat being trapped (b) — environment pollution. This is exemplified (c) — the destruction and burning (d) – of tropical rain forests, (e) – traffic that clogs (f) — city streets, (g) — the rapid growth of industry, the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). (h) — packaging and manufacturing commercial products, the use of detergents like washing (i) — liquids and so (j) —

Answer: (a) of; (b) by; (c) by; (d) down; (e) by; (f) up; (g) by; (h) In; (i) up; (j) on.

29. Rivers are everywhere (a) — our life— literature, economy and culture. But are the rivers (b) — good shape? Unfortunately, they are not. A few are already dead and several are going (c) — the pangs of death. The river Buriganga is an example (d) — a dying river. A report published in “The Daily Sun” describes what has happened (e) — the river Buriganga and why. Its water is polluted and a perpetual stench fills the air (f) — it. The report says that the river had a glorious past. Once it was a tributary (g) — the Ganges and flowed (h) — the Bay of Bengal (i) — the river Dhaleshwari. Gradually. it lost its link (j) — the Ganges and got the name Buriganga.

30. Hasib is a third grader at a government primary school (a) — the fringes of Khulna district. As soon as the bell rings. (b) — the blink of an eye, he is seen meandering (c) — the meadows, flying kites whilst taking relishing bites (d) — ripe fruits. Later he just sneaks (e) — for an untimely midday plunge (f) — a local pond (g) — absolute ecstasy. Sunset drives him home (h) — some routine memorizing of lessons. There’s little urge (i) — excel or do more than the bare minimum. Hasib snuggles (j) — in bed. His parents, meanwhile, are satisfied that their child is learning to read, write and count.

31. Last month I along (a) — my family had a visit (b) — my village home (c) — a view (d) — passing the vacation (e) –my parents. We passed a few days there roaming the green village. fishing, sight—seeing and paying a visit (f) — almost all the families (g) — the village. The village people, (h) — spite (i) — being very poor are still very hospitable and cooperative (j) — their guests.

32. The trip (a) the mountains was an exhilarating experience. We left just (b) — dawn (c) a van loaded (d) — passengers and luggage. We believed that the trip would take (e) six and eight hours, and we hoped to arrive (f) — our final destination (g) — dark. The trip began (h) — any other. The van headed down the highway (i) — the base (j) — the mountain.

33. The man was proud (a) — his talent. But none should take pride (b) — his talent. Pride results (c) — ruin. Those who have prided themselves (d) — their talents have been subjected (e) — humiliation. A proud man has to repent (f) — his pride or he has (g) — atone (h) — his pride. A proud man should apologize (i) — his pride. He is not acceptable (j) — anyone.

34. Do you want (a) — enjoy sound health? Your answer will certainly be (b) — the affirmative. It is because health is the root (c) — all happiness. (d) — maintaining sound health you can become happy. (e) — this you need (f) — know what sound health is. When a person has both physical fitness and mental fitness. he/she can be said (g) — be enjoying sound health. (h) — having physical fitness and mental fitness none can enjoy life. So, we should find (i) — our physical problems and look (j) — our mental health as well.

35. Patriotism is the quality inherent (a) — a man. This is why he feels a natural attachment (b) — his native land. Love (c) — motherland is necessary for the betterment of a nation. The people who are patriotic are noted (d) — their patriotism. They are different (e) — other people. Their contribution does not sink (f) — oblivion. They are worthy (g) — praise. They lay down their lives for the good of the country. They are not unaware (h) — their status in the society. They are celebrated (i)— their patriotism. They should not be looked down (j) — in anyway.

36. All the people in this earth are not same (a) — nature. There are some people who are greedy. They have a desire (b) — wealth. Their want is (c) — the limit. Moreover, they hanker (d) — riches. Their strong desire sometimes leads them (e) — some illegal ways. But ultimately, they have to atone (f) — their greediness. We know that happiness lies (g) — contentment. Wealth may be needed for us, but it is not the only thing to bring (h) — happiness in our life. It is high time we gave (i) — the habit of covetousness. We should be contented (j) — what we have if we want real happiness.

37. Andrew Marvell was the most inspired and affectionate (a) — Cromwell’s panegyrists, and after the Restoration he carried (b) — in verse and prose the struggle (c) — religious and political liberty. Yet it must be recognized that he was not the kind of the conventional puritan, harsh and gloomy and an enemy (d) — all worldly and artistic amusement; he was not the kind (e) — puritan forever quoting verses from the Old Testament in order (f) — denounce the signs (g) — the world. This becomes clear when we read the verses which he wrote (h) — his thirtieth year, permeated, as they are (i) — human love and feeling (j) — human nature.

38. Man has made friendship (a) — trees. Trees play an important role (b) — our life and economy June and July are the best time (c) — tree plantation. Tree plantation programme should be expanded (d) — the remote corner of the country. Attempt should be made to make the illiterate aware (e) — the importance of trees. They are a great source (f) — food and vitamins. We use them for various purposes. We cannot think of our homes, houses, residences, etc without trees. Trees bear a great impact (g) — the climate. If we destroy trees (h) — random, one day the country will turn (i) — a great desert. Trees save us (j) — flood and many other natural calamities.

39. I was there (a) — Autumn. I wanted quite isolation (b) — do some troublesome writing. I wanted mountain air (c) — blow (d) — malaria. I was homesick too (e) — the flaming (f) — maples and (g) — corn shocks. I found them all living (h) — a cabin belonging (i) — the orphanage. I became acquainted (j) — a boy named Jerry.

40. I received (a) — her another letter stating that she was passing (b) — Paris and would like to have a chat (c) — me. Would I give her a little luncheon (d) — Foyot’s? Foyot’s is a restaurant (e) — which the French senators eat and it was (f) — my means. I never thought (g) — going there. But I was too young to say no (h) —— a woman. I replied that I would meet her (i) — Thursday. When we met, she assured me, “I never eat more than one thing (j) — luncheon.”

41. The man who is used (a) — hard work is sure (b) — success. Heisnot tired (c) — hard work. He sticks (d) — his principles. He does not submit (e) — his fate. He knows that industry is the key (f) — success. He does not rely (g) — others. He has respect (h) — the elders. Nothing can prevent him (i) — hard work. He is free (j) — greed.

42. Badal lived (a)— a village of Bangladesh. He was a school boy. There was a canal (b) — his way (c) — school. An old bridge was (d) — that canal. It was useful to one and all of the villagers. Yet none cared (e) — its repair. So one day it broke (f) — and caused a good deal (g) — hardship to the villagers. They were (h) —— difficulty. They could not go to the town (i) — the other side of the canal to sell their fruits and vegetables profitably. They sold their production (j) — local market at a nominal price.43. The environment plays a vital role (a) — our life. (b) — short, what we have (c) — us including people, houses, air water, etc. is called environment. (d) — ensuring sound life, the balance (e) — the natural element is very significant. Sometimes (f)— lack (g) — knowledge, we don’t realize the importance (h) — it. As a result, we are polluting our environment unknowingly. Living (i) — a polluted environment is undoubtedlly a matter (j) — great regret.

43. I caught sight (a) — him while crossing the road. I tried to talk (b) — him. But he was (c) — a hurry. He was one (d) — my best friends. Both of us studied (e) — the same school. I had an intimacy (f) — him. Both of us got separated (g) — each other after the completion (h) — S.S.C. Examination. Though my heart bleeds (i) — him, I hardly meet (j) — him. This is the go of the world. 

Answer: a. of b. to/with c. in d. of e. at/in f. with g. from h. of i. for j. with

44. During holidays when my mother went to sleep (a) — noon, we went to the railway line. There, along with other children, I watched how the trains passed (b) —  innumerable unknown facts.  My father got an appointment (c) — a town school and he moved (d) — the town immediately with all the members of the family. I was admitted (e) — my father’s school.  I felt that my school fellows had no feeling (f) — one another as we had in the village. However, I have gradually adjusted myself (g) — town life. I am happy with my new friends but my heart aches (h) — the happy childhood days. Childhood is free (i) —- worries and has infinite capacity (j) — enjoyment.

Answer: (a) at; (b) through/with; (c) in; (d) to; (e) into; (f) for; (g) to; (h) for; (i) from; (j) for    

45. When a storm revolves violently round a centre, it is termed a cyclone. It moves (a) — a high speed ranging (b) — forty to one hundred or more kms per hour.  (c)  —  the last 10 years, several devastating cyclones swept over Bangladesh and caused immense harm (d) — the people. This is like a curse especially (e) — the inhabitants (f) — the coastal regions (g) —  Bangladesh.  A cyclone may occur anytime (h) —  any place. The cyclone of Bangladesh generally originates (i) — the Bay of Bengal and blows (j) — land.  

46. A pious man has firm faith (a) —– Allah. He believes (b) —– the sayings of the holy Prophet (Sm). He is not addicted, (c) —– any evil. Rather he is devoted (d) —– good deeds. He always thinks (e) —– others welfare. He is not harmful (f) —– anyone. He mixes (g) —– all. He leads his life according (h) —– the rules of religion. He values religion (i) —– everything. He is very conscious W his duties.

Answer: (a) in; (b) in; (c) to; (d) to; (e) of; (f) to; (g) with; (h) to; (i) above; (j) of.

47. A good student never learns things (a) —– rote. He is very cautious (b) —– his studies and always adheres (c) —– his lessons and texts. He does not learn (d) —– traditional guide books. He prepares notes (e) —– taking help (f) —– his teachers. He abides (g) —– his teachers’ advice and jot (h) —– their lectures. He makes the best use (i) —–. his time and concentrate (j) —– his studies according to his daily routine.

Answer: (a) by; (b) about; (c) to; (d) from; (e) by; (f) from; (g) by; (h) dawn; (i) of; (j) on.

48. I am very glad (a) —– know that you have stood first (b) —– order (c) —– merit. I knew you would do well (d) —– the examination, as you worked hard. So it is rightly said that industry is the key (e) —– success. Very few students can do well (f) —– the examination (g) —– dint of merit. It is seen that those who become great (h) —– — this mundane world have become so (1) hard labour. I pray (j) —– God for your success.

Answer: (a) to; (b) in; (c) of; (d) in; (e) to; (f) in; (g) by; (h) in; (i) by; (j) to.

49. Parents have desire (a) —– bright future (b) —– their children. They are ready to do anything which may be congenial (c) —– the success (d) —– their children. Every success (e) —– their children makes them happy, and they become sanguine (f) —– ‘ their bright future. But then the children do not pay heed (g) —– the suggestions (h) —– their parents and fail to move forward as the parents want, all their hopes end (i) —– smoke. So, children must be cautious (j) —– it. 30.

Answer: (a) for; (b) of; (c) to; (d) of; (e) of; (f) about; (g) to; (h) of; (i) in; (j) of/about.

50. Patriotism refers (a) —– — love for one’s own country. It removes all sorts (b) —– meanness (c) —– human mind and makes it broad. Patriotism inspires a man to shed the last drop of blood (d) —– defend the freedom of his country. A man (e) —– this quality is no better than a beast. A true patriot is honoured (f) —– all. His only aim is to promote the welfare (g) —– his country and countrymen. He always remembers a wise saying “Mother and motherland are superior (h) —– heaven.” There are some traitors who

Answer: (a) with; (b) of; (c) to; (d) off; (e) in; (f) to; (g) of; (h) in; (i) on; (j) against.

51. A pious man is absorbed (a) —– meditation. He has firm faith (b) —– the Almighty. He abides (c) —– the rules (d) —– religion. He is also very simple (e) —– his ways of life. He clings (i) —– his faith. He knows that man is accountable (g) —– the Almighty (h) —– his action. So, he Uleads his life according (i) —– religion. He is not angry (j) —– anybody.

Answer: (a) in; (b) in; (c) by; (d) of; (e) in; (f) to; (g) to; (h) for; (i) to; (j) with.

52. Corruption is a curse (a) —– a nation. It is a great hindrance (b) —– the development. (c) —– corrupt people, a nation will surely sink (d) —– oblivion. Corrupt people are hated by all. The common people have no respect (e) —– them. They are devoid (f) —– honesty. They stick (g) —– their evil activities. They do not abide (h) —– the social rules. Morality does not have any effect (i) —– them. They bring nothing for the nation. It is high time we stood —- them.

Answer: (a) of; (b) to; (c) For; (d) into; (e) for; (f) of; (g) to; (h) by (i) on; (j) against.

53. The ship sailed out (a) —– the icy waters (b) —– another sea. Day after day, the sailors stayed (c) —– that silent sea. It was like a painted ship (d) —– a painted ocean. There was no cloud in the sky to guard them (e) —– the burning sun. The other sailors were very angry (f) —– the old man. They blamed him (g) —– their sufferings. So, they hung the dead Albatross (h) —– his neck. They were filled (i) —– fear and there was not a breath (j) —– wind.

Answer: (a) of; (b) into; (c) on; (d) upon; (e) against; (f) with; (g) for; (h) round; (i) with; (j) of.

54. An honest man is true (a) —– his word. He does not deviate (b) —– the path of honesty. He knows that true happiness consists (c) —– honesty. So he does not fall victim (d) —– greed. He does not hanker (e) —– money. An honest man abstains himself (f) —– corruption. He does not associate (g) —– corrupt people. He derives pleasure (h) —– good activities. He does not aspire (i) —– wealth and always keeps himself aloof (j) —– greedy people.

Answer: (a) to; (b) from; (c) in; (d) to; (e) after; (f) from; (g) with; (h) from; (i) to; (j) from.

55. Patriotism is a great virtue (a) —– human being. It creates (b) —– a man true love (c) —– his motherland. Patriotism is older than civilization. The man, who loves his own country, does his duties and works (d) —– the welfare (e) —– his country is a patriot. Even the ancient tribes had a fondness (f) —– the place where they were born and sacrificed their lives to save them. A student, an artist or a politician may be a patriot (g) —– usual way (h) —– life. If he does his duties honestly and sincerely (i) —– his own field, Ile can be a patriot. If he does not do so, he will be a traitor. We must not have hatred or bitterness (j) —– anyone. But chauvinist patriotism is very bad.

Answer: (a) of; (b) in; (c) for; (d) for; (e) of; (f) for; (g) in; (h) of; (i) in; (j) for/towards.

56. How safe will the buildings (a) —– the city of Dhaka be in the event (b) —– an earthquake? Experts give no straight answer (c) —– this question, but call (d) —– taking adequate precautions to minimize losses. That Bangladesh lies (e) —– the active earthquake zone is not unknown (f) —– Bangladeshis. Alarmed (g) —– the recurrence (h) —– quakes during recent years, experts put emphasis (i) —– the development (j) —– an earthquake resistant building code that all buildings should follow as mandatory.

Answer: (a) in; (b) of; (c) to; (d) for; (e) in; (f) to; (g) by; (h) of; (i) on; (j) of.

57. Man has made friendship (a) —– trees. Trees play an important role (b) —– our life. June and July are the best time (c) —– tree plantation. Tree plantation programme should be expanded (d) —– the remote corner of the country. Attempt should be made to make the illiterate aware (e) —– the importance of trees. They are a great source (f) —– food and vitamins. Trees bear a treat impact (g) —– the climate. If we destroy trees (h) —– random, one day the country will turn i) a great desert. Trees save us (j) —– flood and many other natural calamities.

Answer: (a) with; (b) in; (c) of; (d) in; (e) of; (f) of; (g) on; (h) at; (i) into; (j) from.

58. The annual prize giving ceremony (a) —– our college was held (b) —– 5th January. It was arranged (c) —– the college ground. The whole campus had a festive look. The ceremony began (d) —– 10 a. Our Principal presided (e) —– the function. It started (f) —– the recitation (g) —– the Holy Quran. One of our senior teachers read (h) —– the annual report. The honourable chief guest delivered a brief speech. He advised the students to be regular (i) —– studies and take part in the movement (j) —– illiteracy.

Answer: (a) of; (b) on; (c) in; (d) at; (e) over; (f) with; (g) from; (h) out; (i) in; (j) against.

59. Coleridge’s poem, ‘The Rime of the Ancient Mariner’, narrates the harrowing sea- voyage of an old mariner who (a) —– one point of his journey didn’t have any water to drink because (b) —– a curse. Cursed or not, we know how important drinking water is (c) —– our life. We know we cannot survive (d) —– water. In fact, two-thirds of our body is made (e) —– — of water. Not for nothing is it said that the other name of water is life. Is there a crisis (f) —– our time with regard to access (g) —– clean drinking water? The United Nations in a meeting (h) —– the eve of the new millennium identified the drinking water problem as one of the challenges (i) —– the future. But do we need to worry (j) —– the problem as ours is a land of rivers and we have plenty of rainfall? Besides, we have a sea in our backyard, too.

Answer: (a) at; (b) of; (c) in; (d) without; (e) up; a) in; (g) to; (h) on; (i) for; (j) about.

60. I caught sight (a) —– her (b) —– the play and in answer (c) —– — her beckoning I went over (d) —– the interval and sat down (e) —– her. It was long since I had last seen her and if someone had not mentioned her name, I hardly think I would have recognized her. She addressed me brightly, “Well, it’s many years since we first met. How time dots fly! We’re none (f) —– us getting any younger. Did you remember the first time I saw you? You asked me (g) —– luncheon’. Did remember’? It was twenty years ago and I was living (h) —– Paris. I had a tiny apartment in the Latin Quarters overlooking a cemetery and I was earning barely enough money to keep body and soul together. She had read a book (i) —– mine and had written to me (j) —- it.

Answer: (a) of; (b) at; (c) to; (d) during; (e) beside; (f) of; (g) to; (h) in; (i) of; (j) about.

61. Language plays a very important role (a) —– the life of human beings. We use language (b) —– the moment we wake (c) —– in the morning till we go to bed (d) —– night. We use language not only during our working hours but also (e) —– our dreams. We use language (f) —– different purposes. We use language (g) —– express what we feel. We use language to say what we like or dislike. If you do not like tea (h) —– milk, you say, “I’ll take tea (i) —– milk.” We use language to express our strong feelings and emotions. If you are charmed (j) —– the scenery of a place, you say, “What a lovely place!”

Answer: (a) in; (b) from; (c) up; (d) at; (e) in; (f) for; (g) to; (h) with; (i) without; (j) .at.

62. Humayun Ahmed is perhaps the most celebrated contemporary Bangladeshi fiction writer. His immense contribution (a) —– the Bangladeshi literature (b) —– the last three decades has earned him international acclaim as well. A–_ least (t) the last two decades his books have been topping the best-seller list (d) —– Bangladesh. He -Win the hearts (e) —– millions as the creator (f) —– characters like Himu and Misir Ali. He passed away (g) —– a nine month battle (h) —– cancer (i) —– the age of 64, bringing the curtain down (j) —– an illustrious career of nearly four decades.

Answer: (a) to; (b) in/during/over; (c) for; (d) in: (e) of; (f) of; (g) after; (h) against; (i) at; (j) on.

63. We want happiness (a) —– life. No one wants to live an unhappy life. But happiness depends greatly (b) —– our activities and attitude (c) —– life. If we are dishonest and do evil activities, we will never be able to lead a happy life. Again if we always hanker (d) —– money or wealth, happiness will never be our company. (e) —– the other hand, those who are honest, pious and satisfied (f) —– what they have can enjoy happiness. Honest people never suffer (g) —– anxiety or fear while dishonest people remain {h) great fear and anxiety. Pious people always live (i) —– incessant

64. Time and tide wait (a) —– none. A stitch (b) —– time saves nine. Those are the two very well-known proverbs (c) —– the significance of time. Some people don’t care (d) —– anything. They put (e) —– a job for tomorrow though they are not sure whether tomorrow will come. (f) —– this way, they cannot finish a work when they need it. Then they say, “Alas! If we did not fight shy (g) — our jobs when we had a lot of time, we could be successful.” So (h) —– become successful (i) —– life we have to realize the importance (j) —– utilizing time.

Answer: (a) for; (b) in; (c) on/about; (d) about; (e) off; (f) In (g) of; (h) to; (i) in; (j) of.

65. It is very important (a) —– know the proper use (b) —– holidays. Most of us are ignorant (c) —– it. So, they suffer (d) —– anxiety and other diseases. Holidays give us relief (e) —– heavy pressure (f) —– regular work and normal duties. They help us to get rid (g) —– the din and bustle (h) —– life. We know that to work (i) —– pause is tiresome. So, holidays are essential (j) —– our life..

Answer: (a) to; (b) of; (c) of; (d) from; (e) from; (f) of; (g) of; (h) of; (i) without; (j) for.

66. Trees are very useful (a) —– man. They are linked (b) —– our existence. They protect the top soil (c) —– getting washed away (d) —– rain water and floods. We can see trees being grown (e) —– the road sides, (f) —– the parks and gardens. They add beauty (g) —– our lives. They provide us (h) —– food, wood, shade and so on. The take (i) —– carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. So, we should take care (j) —– trees.

Answer: (a) to; (b) to; (c) from; (d) by; (e) by; (f) in; (g) to; (h) with; (i) in; (j) of.

67. Life of common people besets (a) —– a number of troubles. Price spiral has added new sufferings (b) —– our life. Indeed, price of daily commodities has gone (c) —– the ability of the common people. Lack (d) —– supervision is responsible (e) —– it. Some dishonest businessmen devoid (i) —– morality hoard goods (g) —– quick profit. The govt. should take punitive (kvw ̄Íg~jK) action (h) —– those people. People from all walks (i) —– life should also co-operate (j) —– government.

Answer: (a) with; (b) to; (c) beyond: (d) of; (e) for; (ft of; (g) for; (h) against; (i) of; (j) with.

68. A proverb says that time and tide wait (a) —– none. Since the dawn (b) —– civilization, time is moving. It goes (c) —– and on. It does not take any rest. Lost health may be regained (d) —– medicine and proper caring and nursing, lost wealth by dint (e) —– hard labour but lost time cannot be recovered (i) —– any means. Success (g) —– life depends (h) —– the best use of time. If we make a proper division (i) —– our time and do our duties accordingly, we are sure that we would be able to march (j) —– life and reach the cherished (Afxó) goal of our life.

Answer: (a) for; (b) of; (c) on; (d) by; (e) of; (f) by; (g) in; (h) on; (i) of; (j) in.

69. Jerry was a twelve years old boy who lived (a) —– the orphanage. The authoress’ cabin belonged (b) —– the orphanage. Jerry came (c) —– the cabin to chop wood (d) —– the authoress. He also did some extra work (e) —– the convenience (f) —– the authoress. Once he found a cubbyhole, where he put some kindling and medium wood so that the writer might get dry materials ready in case (g) —– sudden wet weather. The

70. We know that smoking is detrimental (a) —– health. It causes many fatal diseases. There is no remedy (b) —– the diseases. People are aware (c) —– the matter. Yet they stick (d) —– this bad habit. Smoking is also injurious (e) —– the passive smokers. Unfortunately, the smokers don’t think (f) —– these passive smokers. They become the victims (g) —– their whims. In this respect, children are the most sufferers. (h) —– some cases, they are made sufferers because (i) —– parents. It is high time all people gave (j) —– smoking as soon as Possible.

Answer: (a) to; (b) for; (c) of; (d) to; (e) to; (f) of/about; (g) of; (h) In; (i) of; (j) up.

71. It is known (a) —– all that one day all will pass away (b) —– this earth. So, we have no escape (c) —– death. One day, we all will roll down (d) —– the lap of death. Because death is common (e) —– all. So we should not mourn (f) —– the dead. But those who die (g) —– the country are immortal. Their memories do not sink (h) —– oblivion. There is no medicine that can save a man (i) —– death. So, we should always be ready (j) —– death.

Answer: (a) to; (b) from; (c) from; (d) into; (e) to; (f) for; (g) for; (h) into; (i) from; (j) for.

Fill in the blanks with appropriate preposition

1. A pious man is absorbed (a) ____meditation. He has firm faith (b) _____the Almighty. He abides (c) _____the rules of religion. He clings (d) ______ his faith. He knows that man is accountable to the Almighty (e) ________his action. So, he leads his life according to religion. He is not angry (f) _____anybody.

Answer: (a) in; (b) in; (c) by; (d) to; (e) for; (f) with.

2. A merchant was riding horse (a) _______a fair. He had (b)______ him a large bag (c)______ money. It rained heavily and the good man was wet (d)_______and through. He was there at dissatisfied and complained that God had given him such a bad weather (e) ______his journey. His road led him (f) ________a dense forest.

Answer: (a) in, (b) with, (c) of, (d) through, (e) for, (f) through.

3. Our postmaster belonged (a) _______Calcutta. He felt like a fish (h) ______water in this remote village. His office was (c) ______a dark thatched shed, not far (d) ________ a green slimy pond surrounded (e) ________all sides (f) _______a dense growth.

Answer: (a) to; (b) out of, (c) in; (d) from; (e) on; (f) by.

4. I hope you are all right. What are you going to do (a) _______ the next autumn vacation? Please come (b) _______ my village. I invite you to pass a few days (c) ________ me in my village home. I hope you will have a jolly-good time here. My village is (d) ______ the bank of a small river which is full (e) ______ the brim (f) _____the rainy season.

Answer: (a) in; (b) to; (c) with; (d) on; (e) to; (f) in.

5. The Olympic Games were named (a) _______ the town of Olympia in Greece. In those days Greece was divided (b) _______ many cities. They used to fight (c) ________ themselves. A man named Iphitos was concerned (d) _______such wasteful conflict. He hit (e) _______ a plan to set up peace (f) ______ the country. His plan worked well.

Answer: (a) after; (b) into; (c) among; (d) about; (e) upon, (f) in.

6. A good student is fond (a) ______books. He adheres (b) _______ his studies. He always tries to cut a brilliant figure (c) ________ the examination. He never deviates (d) _______his duties (e) _______ success depends (f) _______ hard work.

Answer: (a) of; (b) to; (c) in; (d) from; (e) because; (f) on.

7. A man accustomed (a) _______hard work, is not afraid (b) ______ any difficulties. He is worthy (c) ______praise (d) ______his hard work. He is never indifferent (e) ______success. He knows that the idle suffer (f) _____the long run.

Answer: (a) to; (b) of; (c) of; (d) for; (e) of; (f) in.

8. Amal is a good boy. He gets (a) ______early (b) ______the morning. He performs his duty (c) ______time. Every day he goes (d) ______school. He listens (e) ____his teachers. He deals well (f) ______his friends.

Answer: (a) up; (b) in; (c) in; (d) to; (e) to; (f) with.

9. A Citizen enjoys a lot of rights (a) ______times of peace. But sometimes he has to give (b) ______some of his rights and privileges voluntarily in order (c) _______ keep the independence of his country secure. When his country is (d) _____ war his only duty is to switch (e) _______ all his efforts (f) _______ the defense of his country.

Answer: (a) in, (b) up, (c) to, (d) in, (e) over, (f) to.

10. The secret of success in life lies (a) ______ the proper use of time. Many of us are opt (b) _______ forget that every moment is precious. We do not know when we shall be called (c) ______ from this world by death. During this limited period, we have (d)_______build (e)_______ our body and mind and apply them (f)________useful activities.

Answer: (a) in, (b) to, (c) in, (d) to; (e) up, (f) for.

11. The Eiffel Tower was named (a) ______ Gustave Eiffel, a Frenchman. He was born (b) ______ a prosperous family in 1832. He graduated (c) ______the Central School (d) _________Engineering (e) _______Paris. Then he went to work (f) ______a railway construction company.

Answer: (a) after, (b) in; (c). from; (d) of (e) in; (f) for.

12. A good student is never indifferent (a) _____ his career. He knows well that success lies (b) _______ hard work. (c) _______, he always absorbers (d) ______ deep studies. Nothing can prevent him (e) ________ working hard. His hard work and sincerity result (f) ______ ultimate success.

Answer: (a) to; (b) in; (c) So; (d) in; (e) from; (f) in.

13. Charity is a virtue that elevates human nature. A person should be endowed (a)______ this virtue. It leads people to think favorably (b) _______their fellowmen and do them good. Everybody should practice this habit (c)______ the very childhood. The right use of it brings happiness (d)_____earth. It is a form (e)_______self-sacrifice (f)_____which society cannot exist.

Answer: a) with; (b) about; (c) from; (d) to; (e) of; (f) without.

14. Man has an unquenchable thirst (a) _______knowledge. He is never satisfied (b) ______what he has known and seen. For this, he set out (c) _________ traveling. But it needs a lot of money and patience. The people (d) _________developed countries are fit (e) _______ it. So, they are capable (f) ______ earning practical knowledge.

Answer: (a) for; (b) with; (c) for; (d) of; (e) for; (f) of.

15. Everyone desires (a) ________ wealth. But a few attain it. Some people hanker (b) _______ riches. Some are content (c) ________ what they have. True happiness lies (d) ________ contentment. It is high time we gave (e) ______ the habit (f) ______covetousness.

Answer: (a) for; (b) after; (c) with; (d) in; (e) up; (f) of.

16. A diary is a record (a) ________ daily events, thoughts and feelings. Many things happen (b) _______life. We cannot keep all of them (c) _______memory. A complete diary is a life story (d) ______brief. We should (e) _______develop the habit (f) _______writing a diary.

Answer:(a) of; (b) in; (c) in; (d) in; (e) always; (f) of

17. Yesterday a college student was run (a) ______by a car. The student was crossing the road and walking (b) ______Dhaka College rushed (c) _____the spot. The student was taken (d) ________Dhaka Medical College Hospital. The doctors and the nurses came (e)_____to help the student. A medical board was formed headed (f) ______ Dr. Abdul Karim.

Answer: (a) over; (b) towards; (c) on; (d) to; (e) forward-, by.

18. (a) __________ a city life has many advantages; a city dweller sometimes gets tired (b) ________ it. He cannot attend the office and other places (c) ________time because (d) _______ traffic jams. The air in the city is polluted (e) ______ smoke and dust. Besides, He is always busy (f) ____a lot of commitments.

Answer: (a) Although; (b) of; (c) in; (d) of; (e) by; (f) with.

19. Mr. Abdullah was a school teacher. He was very popular (a) ________ his students. The students had easy access (b) __________ his room. (c) ______the students entered (d) ______ his room, they found his absorbed (e) _______ studies. He was proficient (f) _______ English.

Answer: (a) with; (b) to; (c) Whenever; (d) into; (e) in; (f) in.

20. Today man has been suffering (a) _______ various diseases. And there is no remedy (b) ________ some fatal diseases. So man is subject (c) _______decay and death. One day he will depart (d) _______ this world. Here he cannot live (e) _____ a (f) _____ life.

Answer: (a) from; (b) for; (c) to; (d) from; (e) for; (f) long.

21. Drug addiction means strong attraction (a) ________ harmful things like heroin, opium, morphine, cocaine, phensidyl. These drugs are taken by smoking or (b) _______ injection. The frequent taking of these drugs leads a man (c) ______ death. So all concerned should create awareness (d) ______ personal and family levels (e) ________ this dangerous impact (f) _________ drug addiction.

Answer: (a) for; (b) through; (c) to; (d) in; (e) against; (f) of.

22. You will be happy to learn that I won the first prize (a) _____the speech competition held (d) ______our school yesterday (c) ________ the importance of learning English. Now I am telling you briefly what I said (d) _______ that occasion. Being an international language, English holds the key (e) _______the broad expense (f) _______ learning and knowledge.

Answer: (a) in; (b) in; (c) on; (d) on; (e) to; (f) of.

23. Cordellia took leave (a) _______ her jealous sisters with tears in her eyes. She begged them to take good care (b) _______ their father. But they said it was not necessary (c) _____ her (d) _____ teach them their duty. She should look (e) ______ her husband’s welfare, and not trouble (f) ______them.

Answer: (a) from; (b) of; (c) for; (d) to; (e) after; (f) with.

24. I hope you are all right. What are you going to do (a) ______ the next autumn vacation? Please come (b) _______ my village I invite you to pass a few days (c) _______ me good time here. My village is (d) _______ the bank of a small river which is full (e) ______the brim (f) ______ the bank of a small river which is full (e) _______ the brim (f) ______ the rainy season.

Answer: (a) in; (b) to; (c) with; (d) on; (e) to; (f) in.

25. The moon is a very familiar figure (a) ______ all of us. She awakens a feeling (b) _____ love and tenderness in our hearts. Even the infant in arms stretches (c) ______ its hands to grasp this beautiful object. Nor is her appeal confined (d) _______ only children. Ever since the stirring (e) ________ the poetic faculty in man, she is furnished a theme (f) _______ poets and artists.

Answer: (a) to; (b) of; (c) up; (d) to; (e) of; (f) for.

26. In a society all men are not equally well off. Some are rich and some are very poor. This is because (a) ______ unequal distribution of national wealth. Many are deprived (b) ______the basic needs of life. They must be provided (c) _______ their dues. The rich always draw a line of contrast (d) ______ themselves and the poor. Most (e) ______ them look down (f) ______the poor. Most (e) _______ them look down (f) _______ the poor. They should be conscious and their humanity should be improved.

Answer: (a) of; (b) from; (c) with; (d) between; (e) of; (f) to.

27. Plants and trees are important elements (a) _____ our environment. They are absolutely necessary (b) ________ our existence (c) _____ this earth. They help (d) _____ maintain the ecological balance of the environment. It is admitted that to maintain ecological balance (e) _____ least 25% of the total land area (f) ____ a country should be forests.

Answer: (a) of; (b) for; (c) on; (d) to; (e) at; (f) of.

28. One should not run (a)______ money because those who hanker (b)_______money cannot enjoy mental peace. Sometimes it may lead one (c)_____some unexpected troubles. It also happens that greed (d)_______money brings (e)______many problems. So we should be contented (f)_______what we have.

Answer: (a) after; (b) after; (c) to; (d) for; (e) about; (f) with.

29. Do you want (a)______enjoy sound health? Your answer will certainly be (b) ________the affirmative. It is because everybody wants to enjoy this. But you have (c)______know the way of maintaining sound health. (d)_______this you need to know what sound health is. When a person has both physical fitness mental fitness, he/she can be said (e)_______be enjoying sound health. Now, you can think (f)_______physical fitness first.

Answer: (a) to; (b) in; (c) to; (d) For; (e) to; (f) of.

30. I woke (a)_______at 6 a.m. but felt to lazy to leave my bed I had my usual breakfast (b) _____cereal and milk boring. (c)_______school and feeling tired I returned (d)_____ school. I watched pop eye over a cup (e) _______ milk. I enjoyed my dinner because this is the only time (f)_______the family to sit together.

Answer: (a) up; (b) with; (c) to; (d) from; (e) of; (f) for.

31. Happiness consists (a) _______ contentment. So, we should not run (b) ______ more and more money. Sometimes it may bring (c) ______ some unexpected troubles and one may fall a victim (d) _____ dangers for his unusual greed (e) ______ money. We all should be contented (f) ____ what we have.

Answer: (a) in; (b) after; (c) about: (d) to; (e) for; (f) with.

32. Education is the process by which our minds develop (a) _____ formal learning. It is a mental and intellectual training which provides us (b) _____ opportunity of mental growth and helps to remove any prejudice (c) _____ the purity of mind. As a result, our minds are attuned (d) _____ the thought of our minds are attuned (d) ______ the thought of the welfare (e) _______ mankind. We should not forget the duties vested (f) _______ us after receiving education.

Answer: (a) through; (b) with; (c) for, (d) to; (e) of; (f) on.

33. Nakshi Katha’ is a common handicraft. This has a long rich tradition in Bangladesh. Bangladeshi women are very efficient (a)______needle work. Artistic needlework is the specialty (d)______Nakshi Katha. It takes to long time to complete sewing a Katha. So, we should try to save this art (e)______ruination. The government should look (f)_____the matter.

Answer: (a) in; (b) of; (c) for; (d) in; (e) from; (f) into.

34. The world (a)_____us is becoming more and more polluted by day. The cities are filed (b) _____fume and smoke from motor vehicles, mills and factories. The seas are polluted (c)_____industrial waste, chemicals and other poisons. Forest is being cut (d)_____on a large scale. (e)_______ instance, in Brazil thousands of square miles (f)______forests are being cleared and burned.

Answer: (a) around, (b) with; (c) by; (d) off; (e) for; (f) of.

35. Many people commit sin either knowingly or unknowingly. (a)_____the long run a sinner atones (b) ______his sin because he knows that everyone is accountable (c) ________God (d)________his deeds. So when a sinner becomes really penitent, he is seen devoted (e)_________God. Sometimes he is seen absorbed (f)_________ deep meditation.

Answer: (a) in; (b) for; (c) to; (d) for; (e) to; (f) in.

36. Dowry prevails (a)_____Bangladesh. Despite much effort to do (b) _____with it this curse still exists (c)______ the country. Even this moment while we discuss the issue, somewhere in Bangladesh a bride is being beaten (d)_______dowry. She is being oppressed (e)_______ the hands of her (f)______laws and she is being tortured.

Answer: (a) in; (b) away; (c) in; (d) for; (e) by/in; (f) in.

37. Man is mortal. His life (a)_____earth is short lived. One day he has to depart (b) _______this world (e)__________. There is no alternative (f)_______it.

Answer: (a) on; (b) from; (c) with: (d) of: (e) behind: (f) to.

38. There are some people in the society who always criticize others. These people mock (a)________you without considering whether your work is good or bad (b) ________ the society. Should you pay heed (c)_______them? You need not be shocked (d)______their criticism. Because they are envious of you and your good action or accustomed (e) ______ doing. So, therefore, a wise man will not stop his activities finding others criticize him. On the contrary, he will learn a lesson (f)______their criticism and thereby better his work.

Answer: (a) at; (b) for; (c) to; (d) at; (e) to; (f) from.

39. The moon is a very familiar figure (a) — all of us. She awakens a feeling (b) — love and tenderness in our hearts. Even the infant in arms stretches (c) — its hands to grasp this beautiful object. Nor is her appeal confined (d) — only children. Ever since the stirring of the poetic faculty in man, she has furnished a theme (e) — poets and artists.

Answer: a) to b) of c) out d) to e) to

40. A pious man is absorbed (a) — meditation. He has firm faith in Allah. He abides (b) — the rules of religion. He clings (c) — his faith. He knows that man is accountable to Allah (d) — his action. So he leads his life according to religion. He is not angry (e) — anybody.

Answer: a) in b) by c) to d) for e) with

41. Waste of rubbish is what we throw (a) — everyday. It includes everything (b) — unwanted old cars to cigarette packets. But we have to get rid (c) — our waste. We know that our garbage consists (d) — various kinds of things. In order (e) — reduce our waste, we may think of burning and recycling.

Answer: a) away b) from c) of d) of e) to

42. Today man has been suffering (a) — various diseases. And there is no remedy (b) — some fatal diseases. So man is subject (c) — decay and death. One day he will depart (d) — this world. Here he cannot live (e) — a long time.

Answer: a) from b) for c) to d) from e) for.

43. After having finished our breakfast, we set (a) — getting things ready (b) — cooking lunch. When everything was ready, we set (c) — for sightseeing in three groups, each (d) — a teacher. The bearers were left to cook the meal and keep watch (e) — our things.

Answer: a) about b) for c) out/off d) under e) on.

44. You know that Bangladesh is a tropical country. It has a moderate climate. The climate is greatly influenced (a) — the monsoon which is a seasonal wind, it blows (b) — from the Bay of Bengal. It is from south west (c) — our country and parts of India from April to October. Crops are damaged. House and trees are wiped (d) — . Man and property are washed (e) —.

Answer: a) by b) out c) of d) out e) away.

45. The Empire State Building is located (a) — New York in the USA. It is much taller (b) — the Eiffel Tower. It was 1250 feet tall during its inauguration by president Hoover Cleveland in 1931. Then in 1951 a TV transmission tower was added (c) — radio and TV broadcast. Thus the tower added another 222 feet (d) — its height and this brought on the total height of 1472 feet. The 102 storied Empire State Building remained the world’s tallest skyscraper (e) — 1971. But now it is challenged by some more high-rise buildings.

Answer – 12: a) at b) than c) for d) to e) till.

46. All know that smoking is injurious (a) — health. But those who smoke do not abstain (b) — smoking. They are not careful (c) — their health. Finally, the fall (d) — many diseases. It is hoped that they will give (e) — smoking.

Answer: a) to b) from c) of/about d) in e) up

47. Freedom is a birth right (a) — every human being. Similarly, every nation has the right (b) — be independent. No nation can prosper (c) — independence. Independence gives proper scope (d) — the development of a nation. Struggle for independence has been going on (e) — many countries of the world.

Answer: a) of b) to c) without d) for e) in

48. Man has an unquenchable thirst (a) — knowledge. He is never satisfied (b) — what has known and seen. The curiosity to know more, coupled (c) — the indomitable spirit (d) — adventure has inspired him to undertake and carry out dangerous tasks. It eventually resulted (e) — epoch-making discoveries.

Answer: a) for b) with c) with d) of e) in

Definition and Classification

Verb

Definition

A verb is one of the main parts of a sentence or question in English. It tells an action (bring, read, walk, run, learn), an occurrence (happen, become), or a state of being (be, exist, stand). Whether mental, physical, or mechanical, verbs always express activity.

A shortcut way to identify different verbs at a glance

Classification of Verbs

1. Finite Verb=verb1 and verb2

2. Non-Finite Verb=verb1+ing/to+ verb1/verb3

3. Auxiliary Verb

a. To be verb= am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been

b. To have verb=have, has, had

c. To do verb= do, does, did

d. Modals= can, could, may, might, shall, should, will, would, need to, dare to, must, ought to, going to, had better, would rather

4. Linking verb=am, is, was, are, were, has been, might have been, become, etc.

5. Infinitive=to+ verb1

6. Gerund= verb1+ing (noun)

7. Present Participle= verb1+ing (adjective)

8. Past Participle=verb3

9. Perfect Participle=having +verb3

10. Transitive Verb= having object

11. Intransitive Verb without object

12. Factitive Verb (It takes two objects)

appoint, assign, choose, deem, designate, elect, judge, make, name,  select, informed, remind, raise, set, suckle, lay

13. Causative Verb or Copulative (person or thing makes something happen)

make, cause, allow, help, have, enable, get keep, hold, let, force, show, require, dip, drench, fell

14. Cognate Verb (object and verb are derived from the same root)

He slept a troubled sleep. He laughed a bitter laugh. He died a painful death. He dreamed a strange dream. Tusher smiled a happy smile. The woman lived a happy life. They fought a heroic fight. She died a premature death. Borna danced a jolly dance. The tree grew a century’s growth.

15. Reflexive Verb (a verb is reflexive when the subject and the object are the same)

He was talking to himself. I see myself in the mirror. They enjoyed themselves. He found himself lying by the road. The children behave themselves. He busied himself in the kitchen. She applied herself. I saw myself as a famous actor. You might cut yourself. I am teaching myself to play the piano.

16. Quasi-passive Verb (in spite of being active voice, it expresses the meaning of Passive voice)

Honey tastes sweet. The bed feels soft. The book reads well. The bed feels soft. The school garden looked beautiful. The pen writes well. The sun shines brightly. The stone feels rough. Iron feels hard.

17. Reciprocal Verb (describes something that two people do to or with each other)

meet , wed, reunite, fight, kiss, marry, like, reconcile, divorce, want, greet, to shake hands, to embrace, to hug, fall in love, to speak with, to understand

18. Group verb or Prepositional verbIt is allowed by a preposition or an adverb; the combination creates a meaning different from the original verb alone.

call back, deal with, along with, lay off, make fun of, looking after, bring up, put up with, made up, takes after, stand by, use up 

 

Definition of various kinds of verbs

Classification: Verb can be classified into two kinds.

Finite: Verbs that have the present or the past form, are called finite verbs. Verbs with tense are finite. It is changeable according to tense, number and person.

Nonfinite: Verbs in any other form (infinitive, -ing, or -ed) are called nonfinite verbs. Verbs without tense are nonfinite. It is completely unchangeable according to tense, number and person.

 

Finite (changeable according to tense, number or person) = verb1/ verb2

Nonfinite (unchangeable) = verb3/to+verb1/verb1+ing

 

Indentify finite and nonfinite verb from the following sentences

I play cricket. I am playing cricket. I have played cricket. I like to play cricket. I saw a flying bird. I like playing cricket and reading books. Playing cricket I met with Rana. I saw him running. I playing cricket returned home. I got the task completed. He seems to be frustrated. The cars made in Japan last long. The story told to me is interesting. Having played cricket, I returned home. In spite of his working hard, he could reach to his goal. By studying attentively, you can get A+. He sits to read when it is time for reading. He is too short to touch the fan. Nancy does her homework every day. Nancy is doing her homework at the moment. They are writing a letter. She speaks Chinese very well. He has a big car. The proposal has been examined today. She tried to help him It is healthy to laugh problems. Finding the gates widely open, the thief went away. He had his car cleaned.  I can’t go with you. Unfortunately, she had to go. Do you really go out with her? I didn’t go to work today. I want to go home.  I like going to the cinema. He suggested going for a walk. Going faster would have been really dangerous. Jack has gone away on holiday. I had gone back to their cars. I had gone to university. I am going to a concert tonight. Going across the bridge last night, I saw someone swimming in the river. He promised me to send a letter. The promised letter never arrived. He loves to eat popcorn. I waited for him to come. The postman distributed all the letters but one. Everyone wanted to buy the new book, but there were only 10 copies. I heard my dad going up the stairs.

 

Action Verbs

Action verbs are typically single words that describe what a person or thing in a sentence does (like run, write, yell, and think). So if it answers the question What is the subject doing? It’s the action verb.

In the sentence Jamal paints the room, the subject is Jamal. To find the action verb, ask yourself What is Jamal doing? Jamal paints, so the action verb is paints.

 

Action Verbs and Linking Verbs

Linking verbs are verbs that link the subject of the sentence with more information about itself. Action verbs express a specific movement, task, act, or motion, while linking verbs express a state of being.

For example, She runs eight miles every day. The verb runs is an action verb because it explains what she does. If we say she is a runner, the word is is a linking verb because it explains what She is.

Some verbs can be either action verbs or linking verbs, depending on context.

In The freshly baked cake smells delicious, smells is a linking verb because it links the subject (cake) with the characteristic of having a delicious smell. Conversely, smells is an action verb in She smells the freshly baked bread. Here, smells describes an action. Other verbs involving the senses (e.g. taste, feel, and look) can be either action verbs or linking verbs depending how they are used.

 

Finite verb can be classified into two kinds.

Transitive: An action verb with a direct object is transitive. It is directly attached with a noun or pronoun.  Some transitive verbs can be used with a direct object and an indirect object.

For example, Jony paints the room. The subject is Jony, and the action is paints. Paints is a transitive verb because it affects room (the direct object). Some other common transitive verbs that need to be followed by a direct object are send, take, tell, make, and bring.

Intransitive: An action verb with no direct object is intransitive. It is not directly attached with a noun or pronoun. It needs the help of a preposition to be attached. If we say ‘Jony paints every day.’ There’s no definite object that Jony is painting, which means paints is an intransitive verb. The verb tells what Jamal (the subject) is doing, but not what he’s doing it to. Some other common intransitive verbs include come, laugh, rise. 

Identify transitive or intransitive verb from the following sentences.

I wrote a letter. I slept. I coughed. The glass fell. My cat ran. The sun rose. She cut the cake. They climbed the mountain. He gave her a flower. He wrote a poem. They run. He died. It snows. Bulbul’s mistake cost him his job. I admire your courage. We need to maintain product quality. Most shops here close at 5.30 p.m. Everyone wished us all the best for the future. I couldn’t face him today. Leave me a message and I’ll get back to you. She loves animals. The company has offered me a job. Liza brought her a glass of water. He sent her a letter. Can I buy you a drink? Palash gave me a book for my birthday. Poly passed her a cup of coffee. Shall I make us some lunch? Jerin was trying to sell me her car. We took Maria some flowers and wine. Show me your holiday photos. The baby was crying. I work for a large firm in Paris. They laughed uncontrollably. We talked for hours. The man sang a song. I was found guilty of starting the fire. Pinto always sings in the bath. The match starts at 3 p.m. She left London on June 6. The trees were moving in the breeze. The area’s changed greatly in the last decade. I want to leave early. Could you move your car please? Marriage hasn’t changed her. The museum opens at 10 a.m. We went for a walk. The sun was setting and a red glow filled the sky. Jim is doing well in his new job. He used to run a restaurant. The path ran over the hill. He was living a life of luxury abroad. I washed, dressed, and went out. Kevin couldn’t read or write. I asked him to come in. He did not enter the room. She was reading a book. He sat down at the computer. He started to type an email. The bull was chasing him. Do you want any help? He had been managing the business for six years. I was out when she called. She called me a cheat and a liar. I sold some books. I took the bus. I bought a radio. I understood her question.

Changing Degree

Changing Degree

Degree deals with adjectives and adverbs. It can be classified into three kinds.

Positive=Noun/pronounএর দোষগুনঅবস্থা=as/so…as

Comparative=দুটি Noun/pronounএর দোষগুনঅবস্থা=than

Superlative=অনেকের মধ্যে তুলনা=the + superlative form

Look at the box below (Given rules)

Positive

Comparative

Superlative

1. No other

than any other

the + Superlative form

2. Very few

than most other/

Than many other

one of the

3.  No other

than all other

the……of all

4.  As soon as

No sooner had…verb3….than

*

5. as/so…as

not less….than

*

6.  not + as/so…as

less….than

*

7. not + as/so…as

(change both the subjects)

than

*

Structures

Positive             : No other/very few + ext + verb + as/so + positive form + as + sub.

Comparative  : Sub + verb + comparative form + given rules + ext.

Superlative     : Sub + verb + given rules + superlative form + ext.

Reminder:            

1. Positive starts with no other/very few+ ext and ends with subject

2. Comparative and Superlative start with sub + verb and ends with ext

3. If a sentence starts with very few, verb will be plural.

Steps to be followed

1. Try to understand the given sentence—-Positive/comparative/superlative

2. Follow the structures of Positive/comparative/superlative

3. Look at the given rules chart

Examples of Comparison of Adjectives

1. Positive : No other man in the village is as good as he.

Comparative : He is better than any other man in the village.

Superlative : He is the best man in the village.

2. Positive : No other dish on the menu is as cheap as mutton chop.

Comparative : Mutton chop is cheaper than any other dish on the menu.

Superlative :  Mutton chop is the cheapest dish on the menu.

3. Positive : No other wood burns as pretty as it.

Comparative : It burns prettier than any other wood.

Superlative : It burns the prettiest of any wood.

4. Positive : Very few countries of the world are as small as Bangladesh.

Comparative : Bangladesh is smaller than most other countries of the world.

Superlative : Bangladesh is one of the smallest countries of the world.

5. Positive : No other pen writes as fine as it.

Comparative : It writes finer than any other pen.

Superlative : It writes the finest of any pen.

6. Positive : Very few restaurants in Bangladesh are as expensive as Sonargoan.

Comparative : Sonargoan is more expensive than most other restaurants in Bangladesh.

Superlative : Sonargoan is one of the most expensive restaurants in Bangladesh.

7. Positive : No other dramatist is as great as Shakespeare.

Comparative : Shakespeare is greater than any other dramatist.

Superlative : Shakespeare is the greatest of all dramatists.

8. Positive : No other kind of food is as nutritious as milk.

Comparative : Milk is more nutritious than all other kinds of food.

Superlative : Milk is the most nutritious of all kinds of foods.

9. Positive : No other language in the world is as rich as English.

Comparative : English is richer than any other language in the world.

Superlative : English is the richest language in the world.

10. Positive : No other sea-beach in the world is as large as Cox’s Bazar.

Comparative : Cox’s Bazar is larger than any other sea-beach in the world.

Superlative : Cox’s Bazar is the largest sea-beach in the world.

11. Positive : No other drama I have ever watched is as pathetic as this.

Comparative : This is more pathetic than any other drama I have ever watched.

Superlative : This is the most pathetic drama I have ever watched.

12. Positive : Very few metals are as precious as gold.

Comparative : Gold is more precious than most other metals.

Superlative : Gold is one of the most precious metals.

13. Positive : No other city in Bangladesh is as crowded as Dhaka.

Comparative : Dhaka is more crowded than any other city in Bangladesh.

Superlative : Dhaka is the most crowded city in Bangladesh.

14. Positive : No other commercial area of Bangladesh is as busy as Motijheel.

Comparative : Motijheel is busier any other commercial area of Bangladesh.

Superlative : Motijheel is the busiest of all commercial areas of Bangladesh.

15. Positive : Nowadays very few games are as interesting as cricket.

Comparative : Nowadays cricket is more interesting than most other games.

Superlative : Nowadays cricket is one of the most interesting games.

16. Positive : No other king of India is as great as Akbar.

Comparative : Akbar is greater than all other kings of India.

Superlative : Akbar is the greatest of all kings of India.

17. Positive : No other boy in the class is as young as Rubel.

Comparative : Rubel is younger than all other boys in the class.

Superlative : Rubel is the youngest of all boys in the class.

18. Positive : Very few dramas are as popular as Hamlet.

Comparative : Hamlet is more popular than most other dramas.

Superlative : Hamlet is one of the most popular dramas.

19. Positive : As soon as he reached the station, the bus began to run.

Comparative : No sooner had he reached the station than the bus began to run.

20. Positive : He is as strong as a lion.

Comparative : A lion is not stronger than he.

21. Positive : He is as dull as an ass.

Comparative : An ass is not duller than he.

22. Positive : Sumi was not as witty as we expected.

Comparative : Sumi was less witty than we expected.

23. Positive : He does not get as much as he wishes.

Comparative : He gets more than he wishes.

24. Positive : Very few restaurants in Bangladesh are as expensive as Sonargoan.

Comparative : Sonargoan is more expensive than most other restaurants in Bangladesh.

Superlative : Sonargoan is one of the most expensive restaurants in Bangladesh.

25. Positive : No other dramatist is as great as Shakespeare.

Comparative : Shakespeare is greater than any other dramatist.

Superlative : Shakespeare is the greatest of all dramatists.

26. Positive : No other kind of food is as nutritious as milk.

Comparative : Milk is more nutritious than all other kinds of food.

Superlative : Milk is the most nutritious of all kinds of foods.

27. Positive : No other language in the world is as rich as English.

Comparative : English is richer than any other language in the world.

Superlative : English is the richest language in the world.

28. Positive : No other man in the village is as good as he.

Comparative : He is better than any other man in the village.

Superlative : He is the best man in the village.

29. Positive : No other dish on the menu is as cheap as mutton chop.

Comparative : Mutton chop is cheaper than any other dish on the menu.

Superlative :  Mutton chop is the cheapest dish on the menu.

30.  Positive : No other wood burns as pretty as it.

Comparative : It burns prettier than any other wood.

Superlative : It burns the prettiest of any wood.

31. Positive : No other king of India is as great as Akbar.

Comparative : Akbar is greater than all other kings of India.

Superlative : Akbar is the greatest of all kings of India.

32. Positive : No other boy in the class is as young as Rubel.

Comparative : Rubel is younger than all other boys in the class.

 Superlative : Rubel is the youngest of all boys in the class.

33. Positive : Very few dramas are as popular as Hamlet.

Comparative : Hamlet is more popular than most other dramas.

Superlative : Hamlet is one of the most popular dramas. 

Transform from Superlative to Comparative and Positive

A. Superlative: Kazi Nazrul Islam is the best writer. 

Comparative: Kazi Nazrul Islam is better than any other writer. 
Positive: No other writer is as good as Kazi Nazrul Islam.
Cox’s Bazar is the longest sea beach in the world. Swimming is the best exercise. Sundarban is the largest Mangrove forest. Dhaka is the largest city in Bangladesh. Poverty is the greatest problem in our country. It is the largest river in the world.  Corruption is the most dangerous weapon to destroy a society. Their sacrifice is the greatest thing. Illiteracy is the greatest problem in Bangladesh. Books are the greatest friends. Kazi Nazrul Islam was the greatest poet. Nadia is the most dutiful girl in her office. It is the most significant event in the history of Bangladesh. Dhaka is the largest city in Bangladesh. He is the worst boy in the class. Chittagong is the biggest port in Bangladesh. My friend Paul is the best boy in the class. Greenland is the largest island. Kochi is the best port in Kerala. Mount Everest is the highest peak in the world. She is the richest woman in the country. At present cricket is the most popular game in our country. It was the happiest animal in the world. He is the noblest person I have ever found. Dhaka is the largest city in Bangladesh. The Ramadan is the holiest month for the Muslims. Chittagong is the biggest port in Bangladesh. He is the bravest man. The Meghna is the deepest river in our country. This is the latest edition. He is the noblest person I have ever found. It is the most famous school in the town. It burns the prettiest of any wood. Hasib is the best boy I have ever seen. He is the most active person. I think he is the fittest candidate. Air pollution is the worst of any pollution. To cut down trees at random is the most hatelul thing. January is the coldest month in Bangladesh. Jamal is the best boy I have ever found. Mr. Jabber is the most popular teacher. The Padma is the largest river in Bangladesh. Gold is the most precious metal. Sohel is the noblest person I have ever found. Rani is the prettiest girl in the class. The lady was the cleverest woman the writer had ever seen. To do anything against the interest of the country is the most heinous work. Patriotism is the noblest quality of a leader. She is the fattest of any girl in the class. You are the most talkative boy. To remove poverty is the biggest challenge. He is the bravest boy in the class. He is the most sincere boy I have ever found. Cotton is the lighest of any thing.

B. Superlative: A bee is one of the busiest insects.
Comparative: A bee is busier than most other insects.
Positive: Very few insects are as busy as a bee.
It is one of the most important elements. It is one of the most beautiful sea-beaches in the world. He is one of the greatest scientists in the present world. Price hike is one of the biggest problems for them. Toronto is one of the most expensive cities of the world. The Jamuna is one of the biggest rivers in Bangladesh. Mango is one of the sweetest fruits in the world. It is one of the famous schools in our district. It was one of the most memorable journeys in my life. The Padma is one of the biggest rivers in Bangladesh. Price hike is one of the biggest problems for them. It is one of the most beautiful sea beaches in the world. Torento is one of the most expensive cities of the world. The Padma is one of the largest rivers in Bangladesh. River erosion is one of the important causes of diminishing agricultural land. He is one of the happiest men in his locality. It is one of the biggest mangrove forests in the world. Akbar was one of the greatest kings of India. Dhaka is one of the biggest cities in Bangladesh. Gold is one of the most precious metals. Cricket is one of the most popular games in our country. Calcutta is one of the largest cities in India. Satin Tendulkar is one of the best batsmen in the world. This is one of the best solution to the problem. He is one of the most generous persons. This is one of the greatest pictures in the world. She is one of the most skilled workers in the team. Sonargaon is one of the most expensive restaurants. Bhutan is one of the smallest countries in the world. Saudi Arabia is one of the hottest countries in the world. Runa is one of the prettiest girls in the class. This is one of the greatest pictures of the world. This is one of the most beautiful pictures in the exhibition. Bangladesh is one of the smallest countries in the world. He is one of the wisest men in the village. Akbar was one of the greatest kings of this sub-continent.

C. Superlative: The Everest is the highest of all peaks in the world.
Comparative: The Everest is higher than all other peaks in the world.
Positive: No other peaks in the world are as high as the Everest.
Milk is the most nutritious of all kinds of food. The Rose is the best of all flowers. Truthfulness is the greatest of all virtues in a man. Actually at that time he was the wisest of all men. Iron is the most useful of all metals. Imran khan is the greatest of all cricketers. Keats was one of the greatest romantic poets in the world. Keo karadong is the hightest of all peaks in Bangladesh. Maradona is the most famous of all footballers in the world. Bhutan is the smallest of all states in Asia. He is the most intelligent of all students in the class. Rabindranath Tagore is the greatest of all poets in the world. Arabian Nights is the best of all story books. Tashin is the best of all boys in the class. Sami is the smallest of all students in the class. London is the most famous of all cities of the world. A war is the most destructive of all things. The rose is the finest of all flowers. Milk is the most nutritious of all kinds of food. The cow is the most useful of all animals. This forbidden book lasted the longest of all the rests. The porter was the cleverest of all in the company. English is the richest of all languages in the world. Shakespeare is the greatest of all dramatists. Sohel got the highest number of all students in the class. Tigers are the most ferocious of all animals. Australia is the largest of all islands in the world. Grapes are the tastiest of all fruits. This is the sharpest of all knives. The Everest is the highest of all peaks in the world. Winter is the mistiest of all seasons. Milk is the most nutritious of all kinds of food. Iron is the most useful of all metals. Gold is the costliest of all metals. Liza is the proudest of all girls. The porter was the most humorous of all men in the company.

Transform from Comparative to Positive and Superlative

A. Comparative: This shirt is prettier than any other shirt.

Superlative: This shirt is the prettiest shirt.
Positive: No other shirt is as pretty as this shirt.
Rafiq is more perfect than any other spinner in Bangladesh. Dhaka is bigger than any other city in Bangladesh. Chittagong is bigger than any other port in Bangladesh. He is wiser than any other man in the village. Bangladesh is more populous than any other country. Cox’s Bazar is longer than any other sea beach in the world. Corruption is more dangerous than any other weapon to destroy a society. Truthfulness is greater than any other virtue in a man. The Padma is bigger than any other river in Bangladesh. Their sacrifice is greater than any other thing. Illiteracy is greater than any other problem in Bangladesh. Poverty is greater than any other problem. The rose is better than any other flowers. Book is greater than any other thing. At present cricket is more popular than any other games in our country. Nadia is more dutiful than any other girl in her office. Kazi Nazrul was greater than any other poet. Mount Everest is higher than any other peak in the world. This house is bigger than any other house in this street. Unemployment is more serious than any other problem facing our country. He is more important than any other person in the village. A kind man is more soft hearted than any other person. Falsehood is more hateful than any other quality. Abu is idler than any other person. Nazrul Islam is more popular than any other leader. Mr. Zaman is wiser than any other man in the village. It burns prettier than any other wood. He is nobler than any other person. She was better than any other housewife. Rakib is better than any other boy I have ever found. Iron is more useful than any other metal. He is nobler than any other person I have ever found. She is worse than any other girl. Iron is more useful than any other metal. Chittagong is bigger than any other sea port in Bangladesh. She was better than any other housewife. Potato chop was cheaper than any other dish on the menu. The porter was cleverer than any other person in the company. This pen is costlier than any other pen. This is safer than any other place. Summer is drier than any other season in Bangladesh. The Ramadan is holier than any other month for the Muslims. Our English teacher is humbler than any other teacher in the school. Iron is more useful than any other metal. Milk is more nutritious than any other food. He speaks better than any other student.
B.  Comparative: Mango is sweeter than most other fruits in the world.
Superlative: Mango is one of the sweetest fruits in the world.
Positive: Very few fruits in the world are as sweet as mango.
It is more famous than most other schools in our district. At present cricket is more popular than most others games in our country. It was more memorable than most other journeys in my life. It is more populous than most other countries in the world. Price hike is bigger than most other problems for them.  It is more beautiful than most other sea beaches. A bee is busier than most other insects. Torento is more expensive than most other cities of the world. The Jumuna is bigger than most other rivers in Bangladesh. He was happier than most other men in his locality. It is bigger than most other mangrove frosts in the world. Calcutta is bigger than most other cities in India. Imran khan is greater than most other cricketers. Bhutan is smaller than most other states in Asia. He is more intelligent than most other students in the class. The tiger is more ferocious than most other animals. Arabian Nights is better than most other story books. Rabindranath Tagore is greater than most other poets in the world. She is politer than most other girls in the class. Milk is more nutritious than most other foods. His story is more interesting than most other stories. Arabian Nights is better than most other story books. Hamlet is more popular than most other dramas. Saudi Arabia is hotter than most other countries in the world. Fahim is taller than most other boys in the class. Runa is prettier than most other girls in the class. Bhutan is smaller than most other countries in the world. Bangladesh is more fertile than most other lands in the world. Bangladesh is greener than many other countries. Imran Khan is greater than most other cricketers. 
C. Comparative: Dhaka is bigger than all other cities of Bangladesh.
Superlative: Dhaka is the biggest of all cities of Bangladesh.
Positive: No other cities of Bangladesh are as big as Dhaka.
Gold is more precious than all other metals. He is better than all other boys in the class. Keats is greater than all other romantic poets in the world. Keo karadong is higher than all other peaks in Bangladesh. Maradona is more famous than all other footballers in the world. The tiger is more ferocious than all other animals. Tashin is better than all other boys in the class. Sami is smaller than all other students in the class. London is more famous than all other cities of the world. Milk is more nutritious than all other foods. This is more dangerous than all other adventures. It is the most expensive of all hotels. Cancer is deadlier than all other diseases. The Tajmahal is greater than all other wonders of the world. The tiger is more ferocious than all other animals. Strategy is more important than all other things in the examination. Iron is more useful than all other metals. Akbar was greater than all other kings of India. Rubel is younger than all other boys in the class. This is better than all other story books. This forbidden book lasted longer than all the rest. Rubi talks louder than all other girls in the class.

Transform from Positive to Comparative and Superlative

A. Positive: No other writer is as famous as Tagore.

Comparative: Tagore is more famous than any other writer.
Superlative: Tagore is the most famous writer.
No other flowers are as good as the rose. No other problem in our country is so great as poverty. No other hotel is as better as this on in this area. No other thing is so great as their sacrifice. No other virtue in a man life is as great as Truthfulness. No other sea beach in the world is as long as Cox’s Bazer. No other event in the history of Bangladesh is as significant as it. No other girl is as dutiful as Nadi in her office. No other thing is so great as book. No other weapon to destroy a society is so dangerous as corruption. No other problem in Bangladesh is as great as illiteracy. No other poet was as great as Kazi Nazrul Islam. No other city in Bangladesh is so big as Dhaka. No other city in Bangladesh is so large as Dhaka. No other boy in the class is as bad as he. No other man in the village is so wise as he. No other spinner in Bangladesh is as perfect as Rafiq. No other country is as populous as Bangladesh. Actually at that time, no other man is as wise as he. It seemed to the fox that no other animal is as wise as it. At present, no other game is as popular as cricket. No other girl in the class is as fair as Ruma. No other mosque is so large as this. There is no other place as lonely as this. No other food is so nutritous as milk. No other dramatist is as great as Shakespeare. No other woman was as clever as the lady. No other animal is as useful as the cow. No other day is as misty as today. Nothing passes as quick as time. No other boy in the orphange is so good as Rajib. No other city in Bangladesh is so big as Dhaka. No other gift is as fine as this. No other wood burns so pretty as the mango log. No other student is as keen as he. No other food on the menu was so cheap as the potato chop.There is no other person as healthy as he. No other person is as fit as he to do this job. No other person is as wealthy as he. No other story book is so popular as the Arabian Nights.

B. Positive: Very few insects are as busy a bee.
Comparative: A bee is busier than most other insects.
Superlative: A bee is one of the busiest insects.
Very few animals are as ferocious as tiger. Very few pictures of the world are as great as Mona Lisa. Very few cities in India are as large as Calcutta. Very few fruits in the world are as sweet as mango. Very few schools in our district are as famous as it. At present, very few games are as popular as cricket. Very few journeys in my life are so memorable as it.  Very few countries in the world are as populous as it. Very few rivers in Bangladesh are as big as the Padma.  Very few problems are as big as price hike for them. Very few sea beaches are as beautiful as it. Very few insects are as busy as the bee. Very few cities of the world are as expensive as Toronto. Very few rivers in Bangladesh are as big as the Jamuna. Very few elements of all living beings are as important as it. Very few causes of diminishing agricultural land are as important as river erosion. Very few men in his locality are as happy as he. Very few mangrove forests in the world are as big as it. Very few kings of India were as great as Akbar. Very few cities in India are so big as Calcutta. Very few games in Bangladesh are so popular as cricket. Very few metals are as precious as gold. Very few restaurants are so fashionable as Sheraton. Very few persons are as sad as he. This pen is as new as that. Very few boys are so good as Rakib I have ever found. Very few persons are as greedy as he. Very few countries are as green as Bangladesh. Very few pictures in the world are so great as this. Very few metals are as precious as gold. Very few animals are as ferocious as a lion. Very few players in the team are so good as he. Very few restaurants are so expensive as Foyot’s. Very few places are as noisy as this place. Very few persons are as polite as his brother. Very few scenes are as lovely as this. Very few roads are as narrow as this road. Very few girls are as fair as Shaila. Very few persons are as stout as he.

Exercises on exceptional rules

Positive

Comparative

1. As soon as

No sooner had…verb3….than

2. as/so…as

not less….than

3. not + as/so…as

less….than

4. not + as/so…as 

(both the subjects have

to be changed)

than

a. Positive: As soon as the teacher came, there was silence.
Comparative: No sooner had the teacher come than there was silence.
As soon as he saw, it she showed me. As soon as she heard the news, she burst into tears. As soon as she arrived home, the telephone rang. As soon as we reached the station, the train left. As soon as I reached the station, the train left. As soon as the students came to college, the bell rang. As soon as the thief saw the police, he ran away. As soon as he saw me, he ran away. As soon as we started for college, the rain started. As soon as he saw me, he ran away swiftly. As soon as the police marked the thief, he ran away.

b. Comparative: No sooner had we reached the college than the rain started. 
Positive: As soon as we reached the college, the rain started. 
No sooner had we reached the station than the train left. No sooner had the man seen than he ran away. No sooner had the rain stopped than they left the shelter. No sooner had the thief seen the police than the thief fled away from the spot. No sooner had I stepped out than it started raining. No sooner had I received her call than I left for her place. No sooner had she finished one project than she started the next. No sooner had I eaten the fish than I started feeling sick. No sooner had they completed the work than they demanded the wages. No sooner had I gotten my bags unpacked than I realized that my camera was missing. No sooner had he graduated than he was on his way to America.

c. Positive: James is as intelligent as his brother.
Comparative: James is not less intelligent than his brother.
They were as wise as the Magi. He was as ferocious as a tiger. Your house is as large as mine. James is as good as his brother. Sushmita is as beautiful as Aishwarya. Opu is as tall as Nuru. You are as short as he. They are as stout as we. He is as attentive as Dana. Dana is as smart as Parul. She is as beautiful as her older sister. Jamil is as handsome as Saikat. It is as ugly as a crow. You are as clear as he. You are as sincere as Munna.
d. Comparative: She is not less brilliant than Rina.
Positive: She is as brilliant as Rina.
Jim and Rima were not less wise than Mim. He was not less ferocious than a tiger. Opu is not less tall than Nuru. Bela is not less intelligent than Abul. Sorrow is not less strong than hunger. Oranges are not less cheap than apples. It is not less big than the Buriganga. He is not less good than his brother. London is not less big than Oxford. The cow is not less useful than a donkey. He was not less short than she. Riches are not less important than honesty. E-mail is not less cheap than telex. The cuckoo is not less clever than crow. The cuckoo is less clever than a crow.Her face was not less radiant than the full moon. He is not less intelligent than any other boy.

e. Positive: She is not as beautiful as her older sister.
Comparative: She is less beautiful than her older sister.
Opu is not as tall as Nuru. You aren’t as short as he. They aren’t as stout as we. He is not as attentive as Dana. Dana is not as smart as Parul. Jamal is not as popular as his brother. They were not as talented as Munni. He was not as ferocious as a Lion. Your hair is not so black as mine. Cure is not so good as prevention. Honesty is not as much as it. A sick moneyed man is not as happy as a healthy poor man. Bela is not as intelligent as Abul. Sorrow is not as strong as hunger. Your watch is not so cheap as mine.  Riches are not so important as honesty. This pen is not as fine as mine. A bird cannot fly so fast as a plane. The rice of Barisal is not as fine as that of Dinajpur.  He is not as ugly as you said. He is not as intelligent as this boy. Rahul is not as good a singer as a writer. Sameer was not as strong before as he is now. It is not as easy to practise as to preach. A foolish friend is not as good as a wise enemy. These fruits are not as fresh as those. I have not seen any person as cruel as he. Her handwriting is not as clumsy as yours.  A string of pearls was not so bright as her teeth. She is not as ugly as you said. A gazelle’s eyes were not so bright as hers. Iron is not as light as cotton. Nipa is not as dull as Seema. Your pen is not so fine as his. A lily was not so white as her forehead.  Honesty is not as much as it. Dishonour is not as preferable as death. Your face was not as bright as his. Autumn in Bangladesh is not as warm as summer. You are not as slow as he.I do not write English so correctly as he. I do not know any person as humble as he. I did not see anything as black as this. A lion is not braver than he.Your hands are not as big as hers. My shirt is dirtier than yours. Your watch was more valuable than his. He is less stupid than his brother He writes better than his brother. She speaks faster than her sister. He is not so stupid as his brother. You do not know him more than I. The days in the winter are foggier than those of other seasons.

f. Comparative: A mobile phone is more useful than a computer.
Positive: A computer is not as useful as a mobile phone.
Cancer is more dreadful than cholera. London is bigger than Oxford.  A pen is mightier than a sword. A healthy poor man is happier than a sick moneyed man. Prevention is better than cure. Oranges are cheaper than apples. It is bigger than the Buriganga. E-mail is cheaper than telex. Health is greater than wealth. The cow is more useful than the goat. Peter is cleverer than Rana. Health is more important than wealth. Blood is thicker than water. An ocean is certainly bigger than a sea. He is taller than Maruf. He is more intelligent than this boy. His new book is more interesting than his earlier books. I am more interested than Rani in cricket. Nothing is more ferocious than anger.  A wise enemy is better than a foolish friend.  Rahul is a better writer than a singer. Some people have more money than brains. Your handwriting is clumsier than hers. You are older than I. Sumi’s hair is curlier than Suma’s. His room is tidier than yours.  He is lovelier than very few persons. She is prouder than her sister. Her teeth were brigther than a string of pearls. He is wealthier than his brother. This ghee is purer than that. Her eyes were more lustrous than a gazelle’s.  Village life is quieter than city life.
g. Comparative: Subash balls faster than Ashoke. 
Positive: Ashoke does not ball as fast as Subash.
Migratory birds run faster than the dove. A train runs faster than a bus. Television presents more informative news than radio. He speaks more fluently than I speak.Sudha sings better than she dances. I arrived earlier than you.Arif knows English more than you.

h. Comparative: This pony is better trained than that one.
Positive:That pony is not as good trained as this one.
This sum is more difficult than that one. This dress is as pretty as that one. This flower is more beautiful than that one. This house is bigger than that one. This book is longer than that one. This story is more beautiful than that one.This painting is more attractive than that one. This house is bigger than that one. This knife is sharper than that one. This road is muddier than that one. i. Comparative:My job is worse than yours. Positive: Your job is not as bad as mine. His eyes are bluer than mine. My brother’s handwriting is worse than mine. He drives slower than his wife does. The problems seemed easier than yours. The roads of Dhaka are more spacious than that of Satkhira. The rice of Barisal is not so fine as that of Dinajpur.

Exceptional rules

Positive

Comparative

a. I would as soon die as injure you.

I would die sooner than injure you.

b. He is as intimate to me as to you.

He is not more intimate to you than to me.

c. There is no mystery as great as misery.

Misery is greater than any other mystery.

d. He is at least as competent as any other man.

He is not less competent than any other man.

e. Your book is as heavy as mine.

My book is not heavier than yours.

f. I have never seen so beautiful a pearl as this.

I have never seen a pearl more beautiful than this.

g. There are as many as fifty boys.

There are no fewer than fifty boys.

Superlative     : She is not the best girl in the class.

Positive          : Few other girls are as good as she.

Comparative  : She is not better than many other girls in the class.

Complaint Letter/Notice

Notice writing to observe International Mother Language Day

B N College, Dhaka
Office of the Principal

NOTICE

Notice No. BNCD/10/321 

Date: February 12, 2021

Dear all,
It is notified for all the students of the college that ‘Ekushey February‘ or ‘The International Mother Language Day’ will be observed on February 21, 2021 with due solemnity in our college premises. The Education Minister has kindly consented to grace the occasion as the chief guest. All concerned are hereby asked to attend the function without fail.
The program of the day will be as follows:

Probhat Feri:
00:01 hrs: Placing wreath at the College Shaheed Minar by the teachers and students.

Morning:
09:00 hrs: Hoisting of National Flag to half-mast by H.E. the Education Minister
09:05 hrs: Observance of 1minute silence
09:07 hrs: Offering of Dua and Munajat
09:15 hrs: Speech of the Honorable Education Minister
09:35 hrs: Discussion on the significance of the International Mother Language Day
09:50 hrs: Cultural Program
10:00 hrs: Refreshment

Venue: BN College premises

Date: Monday, 21 February 21, 2021

You are cordially invited to attend the program.

Principal
BNC, Dhaka


Write a Notice about the closing of your school on account of summer vacation.

Shaheed Police Smrity College, Dhaka
Office of the Principal

NOTICE

No. 126/MC/10

Dear Students,
It is notified for general information that as per the announcement of Govt. the school shall remain closed for 15 days with effect from 25-06-2021 (Monday) to 09-07-2021 (Tuesday).  on account of summer vacation. The school shall resume its functioning on and from 10-06-2021(Wednesday) as usual. Sufficient “HOME WORK” for summer vacation has been given to the students printed on page and summer vacation notebook.

Parents are requested to just guide and help their wards and not do the homework themselves as only the child’s original work will be graded. 

Sincerely yours,
Principal
SPSC, Dhaka


Write a notice inviting the name of students to participate in English debate competition

B N College, Dhaka

NOTICE

Debate Competition

Sl. No. Q/21

Date: 10 October 2021

Dear Students,
You are hereby notified that the Cultural Committee of our school is going to organize an inter-class debate competition in the school’s auditorium on November 1, 2021. The time allotted to each participant will be 3 minutes. Students of class IX & X can participate in this debate competition. The topic of the debate competition will be – ‘Virtual classroom is the successful replacement of traditional classroom’. Students of the aforesaid classes who want to participate in this competition are instructed to submit their Name, Class, Roll No. to our respected teacher Mr. Rana and Ms. Dana on or before October 29, 2021. Active participation of all the students is highly expected. Students who are not taking part in the competition will have to attend the competition as an audience. For more details, students may contact to the undersigned.

Md. Akash Chopra
Secretary
Students’ Club
BNC, Dhaka

Write a complain letter to manager for a t.v. set

27th July, 2023

The Manager,

Walton Ltd.

Mirpur, Dhaka.

Subject: Complaint about defective TV Set Purchase

Dear Sir,

I am writing to express my disappointment with a recent TV purchase from your store. On the 20th July, I bought a TV, Model Name-wt800 from your establishment. I regret to inform you that the product has turned out to be defective.

Upon setting up the TV at home, I immediately noticed several issues. The audio quality is bad with distortion and intermittent cutouts. It hinders the viewing experience. Furthermore, the remote control provided with the TV fails to respond consistently. The TV also struggles to maintain stable connections with external devices.

I hope you can address this matter promptly and restore my faith in your store’s commitment to customer satisfaction. I have attached a copy of the purchase receipt for your reference. Kindly acknowledge receipt of this complaint and inform me of your proposed solution.

Thank you for your attention to this matter.

Sincerely yours,

Md. Rupok

Rules on Narration

Narration: It is the use of a written or spoken commentary to convey a story to an audience.

Classification: Narration is of two types like Direct Narration and Indirect Narration

1. Direct Speech: It is the original speech of the speaker without any change in it.  It is always written within inverted commas.

Example: She said to me, “I want the best now.”

Reporting verb = it is not enclosed in quotation marks

Reported speech = it is enclosed in quotation marks

2. Indirect Speech: It is the transformed speech by someone else who is telling it mixing his/her self-expression within it. 

Example: She told me that she wanted the best then.

Changing narration at a glance

1. Reporting verb 2. Connceting word 3. Person 4. Verb  5. Adverb

Change of reporting verb

Sentence

Reporting verb

Connecting word

Assertive (Sub+verb)

said to/told

that

Interrogative (?)

asked/inquired

wh  or  if/whether

Imperative

(starts with verb/let)

told/ordered/advised/

requested/forbade/commanded/

begged/proposed/Suggested

to/that

Optative

(begins with May)

wished/prayed (Allah)

that

Exclamatory (!)

exclaimed with joy/sorrow/

wonder/fear/surprise

that

Change of Persons

Reported speech

Reporting verb

1st person (I, my, me, mine, myself, we,

our, us, ours, ourselves)

followed by the Subject of Reporting verb

2nd person (you, your, you, yours,

yourself, yourselves)

followed by the Object of Reporting verb

3rd person (rest of all)

No change

Change of Verb

Direct speech

Indirect speech

verb1

verb 2

verb 2

had + verb 3

must

must/had to

to+verb1/verb1+ing/verb3/might/

could/would/should/had to/ought to/

used to/ had better/would rather

unchanged

Change of Adverbs

Direct speech

Indirect speech

Now

Then

Today

That day

To night

That night

Tomorrow

The next/following day

Yesterday

The previous day

Here

There

Come

Go

This

That

These

Those

Hence

Thence

Hither

Thither

Thus

So

So

That is why

Ago

Before

Last night/day/week/month/year

The previousnight/day/week/month/year

The day after tomorrow

In two days time

Next day/week/month/year

The following day/week/month/year

The day before yesterday

Two days before

Exercises on Narration

1. Assertive Sentence

i. If reporting verb is present/future tense, tense of reported speech will be unchanged.

He says to me, “I am your teacher.” He says, “I am a student.” Kalam says, “I did not go because I was ill.” He will say, “I shall do the work tomorrow.” I say, “He will pass the examination.” He says to you, “I live here in Chittagong.” My father will say to me, “We are going there tomorrow.” Ali has said to me, “I was ill.” He says to Rahul, “You were mere a boy when I saw you last.” He says, “I have been working since sunrise.” Shama has said to me, “I want to go to college now.” He has said to Harry Potter, “I didn’t understand your cruelty when you show your magic.” They will say to me, “We shall help you for your lacking.” We say Salma, “You went to your house yesterday.” Sumon has said to me, ‘I am busy now.’ We have said to her, ‘You have done well in the Examination.’ The lady has said to Rashed, `You are a very good boy’. She says, ‘Every mother loves her child’. My friend says to me, ‘You are a good and sincere boy’.

ii. Generally 5 changes in a Direct speech.

He said, ’I go to college daily.’ She said, ’My brother will come here tomorrow.’ The man said, ’I do not take tea.’ Father said, ’I do not like student-politics.’ The boy said, ’I learn my lessons regularly.’ Samia said to her mother, “I want the best now.” I said to the girl, “You are right to command them.” The old man said to the girl, “I know you and your brother.” He said to me, “I like Messi as a best player and you.” Nargis said to mother, “I shall go to bed now.” Rejaul said, “I ate my meals.” Sapna said, “I saw Munia near college.” My father said, “We are going there tomorrow.” You said to me, “You do not do your duty.” He said, “I shall go home.” The teacher said to the students, “You were making a noise in the class.” He said to me, “I did the work yesterday.” He said, “That’s a good idea.” He said, “The train reached at nine.” Sakil said to me, “I am drawing a picture for you.” The girl said, “I know the answer of this question.” Nabi said to me, “You are not sincere and therefore I do not trust you.” I said to him, “I am sick.” Mother said to me, “You will go to school.” Rony said to him, “I shall go to Chittagong tomorrow.” He said to me, “You study sincerely and may stand first in the examination.” He said to you, “I live here in Chittagong.” My father said to me, “We are going there tomorrow.” Ali said to me, “I was ill.” He said to Rahul, “You were mere a boy when I saw you last.” He said, “I have been working since sunrise.” Shama said to me, “I want to go to college now.” You said to me, “You do not do your duty.” Abir said to Anwar, “I have passed the examination.” The boy said to me, “You have passed the exam.” My friend said to me, “I have already finished my work.” Shakira said to me, “I went to you home when you are not here.” They said, “We bought the books together yesterday.” He said his mother, “I want a big ship in my 17th birthday from you or my father.” Reza said, “I had a cow and its colour was white.”

iii. Universal truth: Something that is unanimously believed no matter what location, perspective, etc you are in. If reported speech is universal truth/habitual fact/constant fact/geographical fact/quotations, use only that instead of comma.

The teacher said, “The moon shines at night.” The teacher said, “All men are equal in the eye of law.” The teacher said, “Time and tide wait for none.” The teacher said to the students, “The more you read, the more you learn.” He said, “Honesty is the best policy.” We said, “Man is mortal.” We said, “Islam is the perfect code of life and Mohammed (Sm.) is his messenger.” She said, “Mohammed (Sm.) was born in Macca in 570 AD.” The teacher said to Raju, “Misfortunes never come alone.” He said to me, “Allah is one.” The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east.” Father said, “The earth is round.” The teacher said, `Sultan Mahmud is a freedom fighter.’ Mother always said, `Freedom fighters are the heroic sons of the soil’. I said, `Man is mortal.’ Mother said to me, `Honesty is the best policy.’ The teacher said, `Cox’s Bazar sea beach is one of the seven wonders in the world.’ He said to the boys, `Where there is a will there is a way’. I said to the boy, `Slow and steady wins the race’.More examples on Universal truth: The sun rises in the East and Sets in the West. What comes up must come down. Water takes the shape of its container.  Animals need food, water and sleep. The earth turns 360º every day.  The oceans move in circular currents. Antartica is covered with ice. Wind blows across the land. Wind comes from differences in air pressure. The South Pole has strong winds. Rain gives water to life. Rain falls in the winter. Plants grow in soil. People depend on earth’s resources. Time passes quickly. Daylight Savings time begins in spring. People exercise for good health. Plants give us oxygen. The moon orbits the earth. The oceans are deep and cold.  The land moves on plates. Earthquakes occur often.

iv. may=might, can=could  

But  might, could, would, should, ought to, used to……..only tense will be unchanged

He said to me, “I can do the work.” The boy said, “I can swim.” He said to Liza, “We may go to your house.” I said to him, “I cannot attend the meeting.” He said to me, “You may stand first in the examination.” Shama said to me, “I can go to college now.” He said to you, “You can’t be serious. He said to you, “I can run a mile in 8 minutes. a. The man said, `I can do this.’ Mother said to me, `You should love your motherland’. My friend said to me, `I can help you.’She said to me, “I could attend class yesterday.” He said to me, “I could do the work.” He said to me, “I would do the work yesterday.” He said, “The train might reach at nine.” You said to me, “You could do your duty.” Abir said to Anwar, “I might pass the examination.” The boy said to me, “You should leave the place.” My friend said to me, “I would finish my work.” Shanu said to me, “I could go to your home.” He said to you, “He should be here by now. He said to you, “I could swim quite well when I was younger. He said to you, “You mustn’t blame yourself for this.” He said to you, “You might have discussed it with me first.” He said to you, “She had to take her brother along with her.” He said to you, “We ought to be going.”

v. must=had to    but    must (obedience) = only must will be unchanged

Mother said to me, `You must prepare your home works’. The teacher said to the boys, `You must utilize your time’. The master said to the labour, `You must complete the work today’. The police said to the thief, `You must speak the truth’. Father said to his son, `You must build up your career’. He said to me, “I must say my prayers.”Robin said, “Man must die sooner or later.”He said to her, “You must obey your seniors.” The teacher said to Pamela, “You must listen to what your parents say.” Robin said, “Man must submit to destiny.” Fayed said to me, “I must need to pass the exam.” He said, “I must go home.” He said to you, “I must live here in Chittagong.” He said to me, “I must do the work.” He said to you, “I must help you in danger.” He said to you, “You must make so much noise.” He said to me, “You must stop.” He said to me, “He must be very tired.” He said to me, “You must not smoke in the hospital. ‘’ He said to me, “You must clean your plate.’’

 2. Interrogative Sentence

i. Starts  with auxiliary verb 

Father said to his son, ‘Did you not complete the work yesterday?’ I said to the little boy, ‘Have you ever been to Cox’s Bazar?’ He said to me, “Are you going?” He said to me,” Are you ill?” He said to me, “Do you know my friend?” Father said to his son, “Are you interested in Mathematics?”  My mother said to me, “Isn’t poverty a curse?” Haron said to me, “Do you know me?” The teacher said to me, “Have you learnt your lesson today?’  You said to Rakib, “Have you seen the man who came to visit yesterday?”  She said to Shohel, “ Will you listen to such a fool?” I said to him, “Will you go to college today?” I said to the Headmaster, “Will you grant me a full free studentship?” I said to her, “Will you go to the college tomorrow?” The policeman said to me, “Did you see the accident?” He said to me, “Did you go to college yesterday?” Liza said to me, “Will you visit my home tomorrow?” We said to the boy, “Have you eaten rice for lunch?” Sara said to Dana, “Will you take me with your sympathy?” The teacher said to us, “Will you summit this assignment?” Rashid said to us, “Am I unable to solve your problem?” The teacher said to the students, “Do I beat you for your indulgence?” She said to us, “Shall I not inform my feelings?” The man said to me, “Are you passing the river by swimming?” He said to Ron, “Can you bring to mind your magic verse?” Raima said to Aritra, “Can you conquer my heart?” Mother said to me, “Can you draw a picture of a tree?” They said to Siam, “Can you tell us what’s your name?” The teacher said to students, “Can anyone give the correct answer of this question?” Kamal said to Swastika, “Can you lend me your books for three days?” Shefali said to Bina, “Can I take your pen?” You said to me, “Would you help me, please?” The teacher said to the students, ‘Have you learnt your lessons today?’ Mother said to me, ‘Did you go to college yesterday?’ The man said to the girl, ‘Will you buy new dress tomorrow?’ He said to me, “Are you happy?” The boy said to me, “Will you come with me?” He said to me, “Are you human?”  I said to him, “Will you go to school tomorrow?”  Hasan said to her, “Are you ill?” The man said to me, “Do you know who I am?” We said to her, “Are you conscious?” Father said to me, “Did you do the work? He said to me, “Will you return the book to me?” He said to me, “Have you done your duty?” He said to me, “Haven’t you finished your work?”

ii. Starts with Wh question

He said to me, “Where are you going?”  Ruma said to her mother, “Why will you take my pen?” The man said to me, ‘Where do you live? Taufiq said to Rahul, “Why do you always think about the bad side of things?” The man said to the stranger, “What is your name and why did you come here?” The old man said to his sons,“Why do you quarrel always?” The man said to me, “Who are you?” She said to them, “Why are you making a noise?” He said to me, “What are you doing?” Sakib said to Roman, “Where have you come from?” She said to him, “Why have you come here?” Rubel said to his mother, “What did you see when you were in the states?” He said to me, “Where did you go yesterday?” My mother said to me, “Why did you not go to college yesterday?” Salim said to Salam, “Why did you write those letters?”They said to us, “When will you return home?” He said to me, “When will the next letter come?” The passenger said to the porter, “When will the train arrive?”  She said to me, “What’s your mother’s name and where have you come from?” They said to my mother, “Where did I go in 3.45 pm yesterday?” They said to me, “How much wealth do you need?” Anika said to them, “Why did they destroy their garden?” The astrologer said to the king, “How much long do you live?”  He said to me, “Which book do you want?” I said to the pretty girl, “Which book have you lost that you are searching?” a. The teacher said to the student, ‘Why have you not learnt your lesson?’ Rahim said to his friend, ‘Which book do you want?’ Mother said to her daughter, ‘Where did you go yesterday?’ The master said to the porter, ‘Why have you not completed the work?’ Father said to me, “When did you go there?” Mrs Salam said to Anwar, “Why have you been running?” He said to them, “Why do you look so sad?” Father said to me, “Why don’t you read carefully?” The old man said to his sons, “Why are you so sad?”  He said to me, “Why did you go there?”  Hasan said to me, “How are you?” He said to me, “Where are you coming from?”

3. Optative Sentence

Structure: Sub+wished/prayed+that + sub + might + verb1 + ext

Teacher said to him, “May you come round soon.” The president said, “May Bangladesh live long.” The dervish said to me, “May you shine in life.” The woman said to his son, “May you be happy.” Mother said to me, “May you live long.” Father said to his son, “May you pass the exam.” He said to me, “May Allah help you.” Mother said to me, “May Allah bless you.” They said, “Long live our president.” Munia said to Maria, “May you get A+. He said to me,” May Allah bless you.” He said to me, “May you live long.” He said to me,” May you be safe and protected from danger. ” He said to me,” May you be happy and peaceful. ” He said to me,” May you be healthy and strong. ” He said to me,” May you have ease and well-being. ” He said to me,” May all be healthy. ” He said to me,” May all be happy. ” He said to me,” May Allah be kind. ” He said to me,”May the best win. ” a. His mother said, ‘May God bless you.’Seema said to me, “May God bless you with children.” The son said, “Good night, mother.” She said to her neighbour, “May you come round soon.” I said to her, “May you be happy in life.” The Prime Minister said, “Long live our democracy.”  She said, “May you succeed in the examination.” Mother said to me, “May you shine in life.”

4. Imperative sentence

আদেশ বোঝালে = ordered/ commanded

উপদেশ বোঝালে = advised

অনুরোধ বোঝালে  = requested

নিষেধ বোঝালে =  forbade

ক্ষমা বোঝালে = begged

কিছু না বুঝালে = told

Structure: Sub + (ordered/advised/requested/forbade/proposed/commanded) + obj + to + v1+ ext

He said to me, “Don’t talk. He said to me, “Please help me.” The teacher said to me, “Always speak the truth.“ The commander/ general/ captain said to the soldier, “Fire on.”  Shakira said to me, “Dance with me.” He said, “Do the sums.” He said to Liza, “Don’t show your naughty face.” I said, “Shot the bird silently.” We said, “Dig the soil.” The teacher said to Raju, “Don’t tell a lie for next time.” Bina said, “Leave the place at once.” She said to her teacher, “Complete the lesson.” We said to him, “Keep your mind in relax mood.” My brother said to me, “Go to college or you will be punished.” The teacher said to Toma, Write an essay on punctuality.” The teacher said to the students, “Stop writing.” Arif said to me, “Lend me your cars.” The captain said to the soldiers, “March forward.” He said to me, “Please give me some money.” The students said to the Principal, “Please grant me leave of absence.” He said to his friends, “Please wait for me till I return.”  “Please listen to me,‘ said he. Father said to me, “Take care of your health.” Father said to the son, “Don’t quarrel with anybody.” Mother said to me, “Don’t run in the sun.” The teacher said to the student, “Do not tell a lie.” Mrs. Salam said, “Don’t forget about that.” Mother said to her son, “Do not waste your time.” The teacher said, “Always speak the truth.”   He said to me, ‘Please, give me a glass of water.” Mother said to me, ‘Always speak the truth.’ Mr. Kamal said to the boy, ‘Do the sum now’. I said to her, ‘Please, lend me your pen.’ The man said to the porter, ‘Follow me.’ Rini said to Ruby, ‘Do not lament for the past.’ The teacher said to the boy, ‘Do not do as you wish.’ Father said to his son, ‘Don’t smoke any longer.’ Mina said to Dina, ‘Please do not give him your pen.’ Mother said to his child, ‘Do not go there in future.’ Father said to his son, “Go to school now.”  Father said to me, “Do the work at once.” I said to him, “Please tell me.” The teacher said to the students, Read attentively.” The mother said to her son, “Call in a doctor.”

If imperative sentence starts with let

Changes

Let us/ let’s

Let us/ let’s

Let me/him/her/them

Said to

proposed to

suggested

told

Comma

that we should/

That they should

*

that

Person

*

*

follow the normal rules

Tense

verb1

verb1+ing+ext

sub + might + verb1

Adverb

Follow the normal rules

A. They said to us, “Let us decide the matter.” He said to me, “Let us do it.” The chairman said, “Let us settle the dispute.” Tuna said to Ria, “Let us go out for a walk.” “Let us wait here,” she said.  She said to me, ‘Let us make fun’.  He said to me, “Let us go out for a walk.” He said to me, “Let us help the poor”. The teacher said to Amina, “Let us read this book.” She said to his teacher, “Let us complete the lesson.” He said, ‘Let’s take him to the doctor.’ He said,” Let’s eat something. ” He said,” Let us be happy.” She said, “Let’s go to the restaurant.” He said, “Let’s wait a few minutes and then try again later.” He said, “Let’s not blame him till we hear the facts.” “Let’s bake a cake,” said Jessica. “Let’s not,” said Tim. The student said, “Let’s show our teacher that we respect him.” Students said to the teacher, ‘Let us arrange for a study tour.’ He said to me, ‘Let us go out for a long drive.’ They said to us, ‘Let us decide the matter.’ Sumon said to me, ‘Let us open a bank account’. The man said to me, ‘Let us minimize the matter.’ Anwar told Kashem, “Let’s go and see.” The visitors said to us, “let’s have a walk by the river side.” Rahim said to me, “Let us go to arrange a picnic.” They said to us, “Let us discuss the matter ourselves.” The boy said to me, “Let us have a visit to Ram Sagar.” He said to me, “Let’s finish reading the last part of this book.” The six blind said, “Let us go and find out?” The chairman said, “Let us settle the dispute.” They said to him, “Let us play football today.” He said to me, “Let us go there.” Rimi said to Shila, “Let’s go for a walk in the open field.” The teacher said to the student, “Let us discuss about gardening.” Kamal said to his friends, “Let us inform it to our class teacher.” The teacher said to the student, “Let’s try to solve the problem.” Luna said to her friend, “Let us have a picnic on Sunday.”  Tamal said to me, “Let us settle the matter now.” They said to us, “Let us go out for a walk.” The captain said, “Let us show respect to the freedom fighters.”

B. The beggar said to her, “Let me have a meal.” The prisoner said, “Let me see my mother.” Father said, “Let him read attentively.” The old man said, “Let me have some milk.” The boy said to me, “Let them play cricket.” Samia said to her mother “Let me drink a glass of water.” I said to the girls, “Let me tell some words with you and about your family.” They said, “Let her go to join the match.” He said, ‘Let me go.’ Let my children clear up their rooms,” he said. She said, “Let them take the camera.”Let them come,” said Tom. “Let him buy this toy,” he said. She said to me, ‘Let me make fun’.  He said to me, “Let her go out for a walk.” He said to me, “let him help the poor.” The teacher said to Amina, “Let them read this book.” She said to his teacher, “Let me complete the lesson.” Roni said to me “Let him say whatever he likes.” She said, “Let him do it again.” The prisoner said to the judge, “Let me see my mother.” The beggar said to me, “Let me have some food as I have been starving since morning.” Bina said to the boy, “Let fish go into the water.” Kamal said to me, “Let me Let him say whatever he likes.” The old man said, “Let me have some milk.” Fatima said to me “Let me have a cup of tea.” Mother says, “Let the girl go.” The boys said, “Let me fly a kite in the sky.” The old man said to them, “Let me have a little rest.” The court said to the police, “Let people live in peace.” The beggar said to me, “Let me have a meal.” The beggar said to me, “Let me have a cup of rice.” Kamal said to Mrs. Ali, “Mother, Let me have a cup of tea.” You said to me, “Let me come in.” He said to me, “Let me go as early as possible.” The chairman said, “Let him try to solve the problem.” Kamal said to Jamal, “Let me say it again.”

Exclamatory Sentence

!sub + verb                                Sub + verb!                            Sub + verb (to/for….)!a. আনন্দ বুঝালে– exclaimed with joy/delight           

বিস্ময় বোঝাতে– exclaimed with wonder/surpriseb

দুঃখ বোঝালে– exclaimed with sorrow/grief        

শপথ বোঝাতে– swearing by Allah

a. Escape the object of reporting verb

b. Omit what/how/alas/hurrah

c. Add adverb like very, so, great (if sentence starts with what/how)

d. Use very/so before adjective on the other hand use great before a noun

A. He said to me, “What a nice garden it is!” He said to Harun, “What a magic you show!” They said to Moon, “What an exciting game you play!” I said to Dana, “What a clever girl you are!” I said to you, “What a brave man you are!” I said to him, “What a nice fellow your father is!” I said to her, “What a nice girl you are!” “What an honest man he is!” said Tanvir.  The boy said, “What a terrible storm it is!” I said to him, “What a nice gift I have got for you!” Liza said, “What a miserable life the poor of Bangladesh lead!” They said, “How a nice song we sing!” She said to Ram,” What a tall boy you are!”Raju said, “What a fantastic story it is!” 

B. The boy said, “What a beautiful sight!” He said, “What a cheering report! He said, “What a pity!” He said to her, “What a cold day!” He said, “How odd!”

C. You said to me, “How nice your handwriting is!” They said, “How sweet the mango is!” I said to you, “How obliged are you to me!” The teacher said to him, “How funny you are!” The man said to the boy, “How silly you are!” She said, “How sweetly the bird sings!” Sara said to Dona, “How sweet baby you have!” The traveler said, “How wicked the boys are!” Dulal said to him, “How intelligent you are!” The candidate said, “How difficult the problem is!” The girl said, “How beautiful the rainbow is!”

D. The boy said, “Hurrah! My father has come.” He said, “Hurrah! I have gained it. ” He said to me, “Bravo! You have done very well.” Ruma said, “Hurrah! We beat our against party.” Rashid said, “Yeah! We can hunt the birds.” I said to her, “Alas! He is dead. He said, “Alas! I am undone.” Rima said, “Alas! She has lost her mother.”The students said,” Alas! We fail again.”Kamal said,” Hurrah! I have won the scholarship.” The boy said, “Hurrah! We have won the match.” Ria said, “Alas! I have lost my diamond bangle.” The emperor said, “Alas! Our foes are too strong!” She said, “Oh! I lost my mobile.” Waziha said to Afra, “Congratulations!”

Exceptional

Direct: He said, “Had I the wings of a bird!”

Indirect: He wished that he had the wings of a bird.

 

Convert from Indirect to Direct speech

Hasan said that he had lived many years in Dhaka. She told me that she had been ill. Rahim said that he had written a letter. I told him that I had bought a book for him. Rasu said that he had not he had not done the work the previous day. He told me that he had gone to his village the previous day. The man said that he had finished the work. He said that he had seen her the previous day. He said that he had been absent the previous day. The students said that their team had won the game. Imran told me that he had been ill. The students said that they had been reading books. He says that her father bought a big house. She told me that she had gone to market and bought some books. He told me that he had been eating rice. Salma told me that she had seen me long ago. He told me that he had met him the night before. He told me that he had gone there. Shila told Nila that he had taken part in the function the previous day. She told her mother that she had dreamt a bad dream the previous day. He told me that he had caught a big fish the previous day. My father told me that he had bought the book the previous day. He told me that he had gone to New Market. Rashed said that he had eaten his meal. The teacher said that he would teach him English. He said that the train had reached at nine. The young lady said that she was the maid servant of Rupnagar. You told me that you had called me. He said that after his arrival you had had to go home. He said that he needn’t wait. He said that he had to help the distress people. You told me that you could not go to my place. My father told me that they were going there the following day. Zakir has said that he is well prepared to take the examination. He said that he had written a story. Shakila told me that he had been making a research to solve the problem. The old man told the girl that he knew her and her father. The teacher told me that I was wrong. Hasan told me that he had gone to school the previous day. My mother often says that he was happy. He said that he had been working since sunrise. He said that he had eaten meal. They told me that I had done well. Sarifa told her father that she was preparing her lesson. He told me that he had not seen the boy going. He said that he should die. The teacher told me that I was wrong. Salma says that she did not go to school. He told me that he would never do it. I told him that I had brought a book for him. He said that he went to market the previous day. We told them that we knew them. Sifat told me that he was drawing a picture for me. She told me that I could help her. Zahid told me that he had been awarded with first prize. Alam said that he wanted to write a letter. He said that he was ready to go. He said that he would do it. The teacher advised the students that they should prepare their lesson.

The teacher said to the students that two and Two make four. The teacher said to the student that the more he(Student) read, the more he (S) learn. The teacher said that honesty is the best Policy. Father said that slow and steady wins the race. The teacher said that the earth moves round the sun. The teacher said that Knowledge is power. The teacher advised the student to cut their coat according to their cloth. The teacher said to us that all that glitters is not gold. The teacher said that necessity is the mother of invention. John Keats said that truth is beauty, beauty is truth. He said to me that a little learning is a dangerous thing. The teacher said that the sun rises in the east. The Prophet (Sm) said that Allah is one. The teacher said that the thing of beauty is joy forever. The teacher said to the students that a friend is need is a friend indeed. The teacher said that all men are equal in the eye of law. Father said that time and tide waits for none.

Arif asked me if I wanted his help. Premul asked his sister if she would go to school. Rahman has asked Milton if he (Milton) had seen that movie. We asked her if she was conscious. He asked me if I would return the book to him. I asked them if they had any problem. The receptionist asked the tourist if he wanted a single or double room. I asked him if he had come there the previous day. Mr Ahmed asked the students if they knew that gardening was a very hard work. He asked me if I had written the paragraph. I asked her if she would appear at the JSC Examination. The boy asked his friend if he had done the sum. I asked her if she would go to school the next day. A hawker asked me if I wanted any newspaper. He asked his friend if he liked to read novels. He asked me if I had been reading a book. Father asked me if I had done the work. Mother asked me if I heard her. I asked the man if he knew anybody there. Raju asked me if I had taken his pen. He asked me if I had not finished the work. My father asked me if I had gone to school the previous day. The police man asked me if I saw the accident. Najma asked him if he had taken her pen. Runa asked Sumi if she would meet her the next day. The old man asked the maid if she could give him some food. The teacher asked the students if anyone could give the correct answer of that question. Ruma asked Lima if she had ever been to Cox’s Bazer. Raju asked me if I was his friend. I asked her if she would not appear at the final examination. He asked me if I was reading his book. The manager asked the man if he would tell him the process of opening a bank account. Badhan asked Balam if he had gone there in time. Anwar asked his sister if she would go to school. Amin asked Hasan if he was going to his house that day. The teacher asked if I had done home work. He asked me if I was eating banana. He asked me if I knew his friend. He asked if I was reading any book. He asked me if I had eaten rice. He asked me if I did not do my duty. He asked me if I knew him. He asked me if I had finished the work or not. The teacher asked the students if they had learnt their lesson. Mother asked her daughter if she had taken the book. He asked me if I would return the book to him. Mother asked Nasim if she would give her a drink. I asked the man if he knew anybody there. Mother asked me if I was going to school then. He asked me if I had been ill. The boy asked me if poverty was not a curse. I asked Mahmud if he liked to read Poetry. I asked him if he knew me. Rahim asked me if I liked it. Jamal asked Sumon if he had finished reading the book. I asked Ria how she had been. I asked him if he was playing in the rain. Sheuly asked her father if he would buy her a new dress. Raqib asked me if I would lend him a book for that day. I asked the headmaster if he would grant me a full free studentship. She asked me if I had heard the news of the accident. He asked me if I would go to school that day. Anwar asked Mrs Salam if they would go and help her. Mr Ahmed asked the students if they wanted to use that piece of land. Salma asked Mrs Green if she would like some tea. Father asked me if I had finished my homework. Runa asked Sumi if she would meet him the next day. Mr Ant asked his wife if she could help Mr Grasshopper. The boy asked the teacher respectfully if he might go in. Anwar asked Kashem if he had ever been to Dhaka. I asked her if she had done the work. The teacher asked the students if they didn’t understand what he discussed in class. The teacher asked Ratan if he had done his English lesson that day. The boy asked me if I could show him the way. Father asked him if he was serious with his studies. The old man asked me if I knew the way to the hospital. He asked me if I was well. They asked us if we would help them. My friend asked me if we were not going to the zoo the next day. We asked them if they had seen the man going.

You asked me why I had gone. He asked her who she was. They asked him what his name was. Mrs salam asked Anwar why he had been running. Soma asked her teacher which book they would follow. He asked the stranger who he was and what he wanted. Tareq asked Rafiq why he had gone to school the previous day. The teacher asked the boys why they were making a noise. I asked the salesman what the price of that shirt was. He asked me where I had gone the previous day. I asked her when she would go home. Ruby asked her mother what she had seen when she had been in the states. He asked me why I had not gone there. The old man asked the girl what her name was. Ali asked what I was looking for there. Father asked me whom I was looking to. The old man asked me how long I had been staying there. Rina asked me what I was doing. Karim asked me why I had called him. He asked the girl what her name was. Mother asked me when I would return. He asked me which book I wanted. He asked his father what he was doing. He asked me when the next letter would go. He asked me which book I wanted. Mousumi asked the boy who he was. Mother asked her daughter what she would do the next day. I asked him what he would do after his examination. The old man asked his sons why they always quarreled. Rakib asked Raja how he (R) was that day. Anwar asked Mrs Amin what kind of stories Aesop told. He asked me which book I wanted. Father asked how I had done the work. He asked the boy what his father’s name was. He asked the woman where she lived in. The old man asked his sons why they always quarreled. A stranger asked him what his name was. He asked Robin where he was going then. He asked his father what he was doing. You asked me why I always kept bad company. The passenger asked the porter when the train would arrive. I asked him what he was doing then. He asked me where I am going from. Mother asked the boy what was the time to go to school. They asked me how they could overcome the crisis. He asked them what he had wanted from them. Father asked the son why he had not gone to school the previous day. The man asked me what class I read in and which book I wanted. He asked me which book I wanted to buy. I asked him what he would do after the examination. He asked me when I would go home. He asked me where I lived. They asked me when we would return home. I asked Ria how she had been. He asked me why I had not gone there. Rana asked Rina how she had passed the river. He asked me which book I wanted. Mr Ahmed asked the students what they knew about gardening. Sumi asked Badhan who is his favourite teacher was. The teacher asked me where I had been so long. Karim asked his sister what she was doing there. My father asked me what I was doing then. You asked me why I always kept bad company. The teacher asked me how I had done it. He asked me why I had struck him. Father asked me why I didn’t read carefully. She asked father where he had gone the previous evening. He asked you which book you wanted. The man asked the driver why he drove recklessly. The lady asked her husband how he had arranged it. I asked Rahim what he would do after his exam. He asked me where I lived. He asked me where I had gone the previous day. He asked me what the time was by my watch. He asked me what my name was. Liza asked Lima how she was. He asked them why they looked so sad. The teacher asked the student why he had not gone to school the previous day. Tareq asked Rafiq what he thought. He asked me why I was reading the book. Nipa asked Dina where she was going then. I asked her where she had been going the previous day. He asked me what I wanted. I asked him how long it would take him to complete the assignment. He asked her why she had gone there. My Mother asked me why I had not gone to school the previous day. He asked a co –passenger when the next train would come. The sons asked the father how they would find it. Father asked the son why he was making late.

Father advised me not to waste my time. The teacher advised me not to elaborate my answers unnecessarily. Father advised me not to run in the sun. Father ordered me to go to school then. He ordered the boys not to make a noise there. The teacher advised the students not to tell a lie. Father ordered his son to go to school then. Father ordered me to do work at once. The piper requested the mayor to give him promised money. The teacher advised the students to be attentive and listen to his lecture. Father advised his son to learn to be honest from his boyhood. The man advised me to obey his parents. I requested him not to be silly. Father advised his son not to quarrel. My brother told me to go to school then or I would be punished. Mother advised me to respect my teachers. Father advised me not to tell a lie. The teacher ordered the student to leave the room and not to return again that day. The teacher advised the students to pen through the sentence. Mother advised me to always speak the truth. The teacher ordered Rahman to stand up on the beach. He ordered me to run after the thief and catch him. The captain ordered the soldiers to march on. The teacher advised the students to learn their lessons. The Manager ordered the strikers to resume your work. Manik asked Nasima to leave the home at once. Father advised me not to go there. Teacher ordered the boy not to mix with the bad boys. Mother advised me not to be lazy. Father forbade his son to quarrel with anybody. The teacher advised me not to elaborate my answers unnecessarily. He requested me to give him my pen. He requested me not to tell him that. The students requested the teacher to explain the passage. He requested me to give him a glass of water. He requested me to help him. He requested his friends to wait for him till he returned. The boy requested the teacher to excuse him. The student requested the Principal to grant him leave of absence. Safiq requested me not to talk with him. Father forbade me to go there. Teacher forbade the boy to mix with the bad boys. Teacher advised him not to waste his time. Mother advised her daughter to always speak the truth. Father advised me not to go there. The teacher advised the students to learn their lesson regularly. The teacher advised the students to take care of their health. I requested him to tell him the way of hospital. Father ordered his son to go to school then. The old man advised the boy not to waste their time. The teacher advised the person spoken to read attentively. The passer-by addressed me as brother and requested me to kindly help him. The mother told her son to call in a doctor. Ruplal’s mother told him to accept his responsibility. Father advised me not to look down upon the poor. The tourist requested the receptionist to give him a vacant room. The doctor advised the patient not to take tea for some days. Dolon told Lucky to stop excessive eating. The boy requested the teacher to lend him his book. Addressing me as her child my mother advised me to be polite to the elders. The officer ordered to the worker to leave the room at once. He requested his friends to wait for him till he returned. Father advised his son not to quarrel. My father advised me to obey my teachers. Father ordered me to go to bed at once. Father forbade me/told me not to go there. Mother forbade the children to go the river. Nipa entreated Dipa to give her her story book. He advised me to learn my lesson regularly. He told me to give him a book. He requested me to excuse him. I requested my teacher to help me in doing the sum. The teacher advised the students not to leave anything for the next day. Silvia told Shila not to speak so loudly. The teacher told the student to go out of the classroom. Father told his son to follow what his teacher said. Sharmin requested Salma to have a cup of tea.  Rafia asked her to come the next day. Farzana advised Sadia to see a doctor. The doctor advised me not to work hard. The girl told me not to worry for her.

They proposed to me that we should decide the matter themselves. Anwar proposed to Kashem that they should go and see. The visitors proposed to us that we should have a walk by the riverside. Rahim proposed to me that we should go to arrange a picnic. They proposed to us that we should discuss the matter ourselves. The teacher proposed to the student that they should discuss about gardening. Kamal proposed to his friends that we should inform it to our class teacher. The teacher proposed to the student that they should try to solve the problem. Luna proposed to her friends that they should have a picnic on Sunday. Tamal proposed to me that we should settle the matter then. They proposed to us that we should go out for a walk. The captain proposed that they should show respect to the freedom fighters. He proposed to me that we should finish reading the last part of that book. The boy proposed to me that we should have a visit to Ram Sagar. The six blind men proposed that they should go and find out. The chairman proposed that they should settle the dispute. They proposed to him that they should play football that day. He proposed to me that we should go there. Rimi proposed to Shila that they should go for a walk in the open field.

The beggar told that he might be allowed to have a meal. The beggar told that he might be allowed to have a cup of rice. Kamal told his mother, Mrs. Ali that he might be allowed to come in. The beggar requested me to let him have a meal. He told me that he might go as early as possible. The chairman ordered to let him try to solve the problem. Kamal requested Jamal to let him say it again. Rony requested me to let him say whatever he liked. She told/wished that he might be allowed to do it again. The prisoner requested the judge to let him see his mother. The beggar requested me to let him have some food as he had been starving since morning. Bina requested the boy to let the fish go into the water. Kamal requested me that he might say whatever he liked. The old man requested to let him have some milk. Fatima told me that she might have a cup of tea. Mother says that the girl may go/may be allowed to go. The boys wanted to fly a kite in the sky. The old man requested them that he should be allowed to have a little rest. The court told the police that the people should be allowed to live in peace.

 

Inversion

Inversion

Inversion is a linguistic phenomenon that involves the reversal of the typical word order in a sentence, often for emphasis, stylistic effect, or to comply with grammatical rules. This subtle yet powerful tool adds depth and nuance to language, enhancing communication and expression. From poetry to prose, formal writing to everyday conversation, inversion plays a significant role in shaping the structure and meaning of sentences. In this article, we embark on a journey to explore the intricacies of inversion, unraveling its various forms, functions, and applications.

Understanding Inversion: At its core, inversion entails reversing the standard order of subject, verb, and object in a sentence. While the typical word order in English is subject-verb-object (SVO), inversion introduces variations such as verb-subject-object (VSO), verb-object-subject (VOS), and subject-verb (SV). However, inversion most commonly involves inverting the subject and auxiliary verb, as seen in questions and certain other constructions.

Forms of Inversion:

a. Subject-Verb Inversion: This form of inversion occurs in questions, negations, and certain other constructions, where the subject and auxiliary verb are inverted.

Example:

Statement: He is coming.

Inversion (Question): Is he coming?Inversion (Negation): He is not coming.

Verb-Subject Inversion: Inversion can also occur for emphasis or stylistic effect, where the verb precedes the subject in a declarative sentence.

Example:

Statement: On the hill stood a majestic castle.

Inversion: On the hill stood a majestic castle.

b. Object-Subject-Verb Inversion: This less common form of inversion involves placing the object before the subject and verb in a sentence.

Example:

Statement: The treasure they found buried deep in the forest.

Inversion: Buried deep in the forest, the treasure they found.

Functions and Applications:

a. Emphasis and Focus: Inversion is often employed to highlight specific elements of a sentence, drawing attention to the subject, verb, or object for emphasis or rhetorical effect.

b. Formality and Style: Inversion lends a sense of formality and sophistication to language, commonly found in literature, formal writing, and speeches.

c. Questions and Negations: Inversion is integral to forming questions and negative sentences in English, facilitating clear communication and conveying interrogative or negative meanings.

d. Conditional and Comparative Structures: Inversion is also used in conditional and comparative structures, contributing to the clarity and precision of these constructions.

Inversion → a reversal of position, order, form, or relationship

We use inversion in several different situations in English. Inversion just means putting the verb before the subject. We usually do it in question forms. But we also sometimes use inversion in other cases, when we are not making a question.

Here are some negative adverbs and adverb phrases that we often use with inversion:

No sooner

No sooner had we arrived home than the police rang the doorbell.

Hardly

Hardly had I got into bed when the telephone rang.

Scarcely             

Scarcely had I got off the bus when it crashed into a car.

Never   

Never had she seen such a beautiful sight before.

Seldom

Seldom do we see such an amazing display of dance.

Rarely

Rarely will you hear such beautiful music.

Only then

Only then did I understand why the tragedy had happened.

Not only … but

Not only does he love chocolate and sweets but he also smokes.

Only later

Only later did she really think about the situation.

Nowhere

Nowhere have I ever had such bad service.

Little

Little did he know!

Only in this way

Only in this way could John earn enough money to survive.

In no way

In no way do I agree with what you’re saying.

On no account

On no account should you do anything without asking me first.

In the following expressions, the inversion comes in the second part of the sentence:

Not until

Not until I saw John with my own eyes did I really believe he was safe.

Not since

Not since Lucy left college had she had such a wonderful time.

Only after

Only after I’d seen her flat did I understand why she wanted to live there.

Only when

Only when we’d all arrived home did I feel calm.

Only by

Only by working extremely hard could we afford to eat.

We only use inversion when the adverb modifies the whole phrase and not when it modifies the noun:

Hardly anyone passed the exam. (No inversion.)

We can use inversion instead of ‘if’ in conditionals with ‘had’ ‘were’ and ‘should’. This is quite formal:

Normal conditional: If I had been there, this problem wouldn’t have happened.

Conditional with inversion: Had I been there, this problem wouldn’t have happened.

Normal conditional: If we had arrived sooner, we could have prevented this tragedy!

Conditional with inversion: Had we arrived sooner, we could have prevented this tragedy!

We can use inversion if we put an adverbial expression of place at the beginning on the sentence. This is also quite formal or literary:

On the table was all the money we had lost. (Normal sentence: All the money we had lost was on the table.)

Round the corner came the knights. (Normal sentence: The knights came round the corner.)

We can use inversion after ‘so + adjective…that’:

a. So beautiful was the girl that nobody could talk of anything else.

Normal sentence: the girl was so beautiful that nobody could talk of anything else.

b. So delicious was the food that we ate every last bite.

Normal Sentence: the food was so delicious that we ate every last bite.

Inversion is a versatile and dynamic linguistic tool that enriches language with its subtle yet profound effects on sentence structure and meaning. From adding emphasis and style to forming questions and negations, inversion enhances communication across various contexts and genres. By understanding the forms, functions, and applications of inversion, language users can harness its power to express themselves with clarity, eloquence, and precision, thereby enriching their communication skills and engaging their audience effectively.

Here are 50 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) on inversion in English grammar, covering various aspects of the topic.

1. Which of the following sentences is an example of inversion?

a) She can sing beautifully.

b) Beautifully can she sing.

c) She beautifully can sing.

d) Can she sing beautifully.

Answer: b


2. Choose the correct inversion for “They rarely come on time.”

a) Rarely do they come on time.

b) Rarely they come on time.

c) Rarely does they come on time.

d) Do rarely they come on time.

Answer: a


3. Which sentence correctly inverts “I had never seen such a thing before”?

a) Never I had seen such a thing before.

b) Never had I seen such a thing before.

c) Had I never seen such a thing before.

d) Seen I never had such a thing before.

Answer: b


4. In which of these sentences is inversion correctly used?

a) Not only he is a good student, but also he is polite.

b) Not only is he a good student, but he is also polite.

c) Not only is he a good student, he also is polite.

d) Not only a good student he is, but also polite.

Answer: b


5. Which inversion is correct for “They had barely started when the phone rang”?

a) Barely they had started when the phone rang.

b) Barely had they started when the phone rang.

c) Barely started they when the phone rang.

d) Barely had started they when the phone rang.

Answer: b


6. Choose the correct inversion for “Seldom have we seen such dedication.”

a) We seldom have seen such dedication.

b) Have we seldom seen such dedication.

c) Seldom have we seen such dedication.

d) Seldom we have seen such dedication.

Answer: c


7. What type of inversion is “Little did they know what was coming”?

a) Emphatic

b) Question

c) Negative adverbial

d) Condition

Answer: c


8. Choose the sentence with correct inversion.

a) Hardly the train arrived when it started raining.

b) Hardly did the train arrive when it started raining.

c) Hardly had the train arrived when it started raining.

d) Hardly the train had arrived when it started raining.

Answer: c


9. Select the correctly inverted sentence for emphasis:

a) Only in the dark we see stars.

b) Only in the dark do we see stars.

c) Only we do see stars in the dark.

d) In the dark only we see stars.

Answer: b


10. Identify the inversion used in: “Scarcely had I reached the station when the train departed.”

a) Negative adverbial

b) Emphatic

c) Conditional

d) Question

Answer: a


11. Which of the following sentences is inverted correctly?

a) Not until she apologized did I forgive her.

b) Not until did she apologize I forgive her.

c) Not until I forgive her she apologized.

d) Not until she apologized I did forgive her.

Answer: a


12. Which sentence is correct?

a) Never have I been so surprised.

b) Never I have been so surprised.

c) I never have been so surprised.

d) Have I never been so surprised.

Answer: a


13. Choose the sentence that correctly inverts “He was no sooner back than he left again.”

a) No sooner he was back than he left again.

b) No sooner had he been back than he left again.

c) No sooner had he back than he left again.

d) No sooner was he back than he left again.

Answer: d


14. Which of the following is an example of inversion?

a) She barely could believe her eyes.

b) Barely could she believe her eyes.

c) Barely she could believe her eyes.

d) She could barely believe her eyes.

Answer: b


15. Which sentence is inverted correctly?

a) Hardly did she open the door when it started to rain.

b) Hardly she opened the door when it started to rain.

c) Hardly has she opened the door when it started to rain.

d) She hardly opened the door when it started to rain.

Answer: a


16. Choose the correct inversion for “Rarely does he visit his hometown.”

a) Rarely he visits his hometown.

b) He does rarely visit his hometown.

c) Does he rarely visit his hometown.

d) Rarely does he visit his hometown.

Answer: d


17. Which sentence demonstrates inversion?

a) Not only she sang, but she also danced.

b) Not only did she sing, but she also danced.

c) She not only sang, but also danced.

d) Did she not only sing, but she also danced.

Answer: b


18. Which inversion is correct?

a) Barely she finished her work before she left.

b) Barely did she finish her work before she left.

c) Barely she did finish her work before she left.

d) She barely did finish her work before she left.

Answer: b


19. Select the correct inverted sentence.

a) On no account should you open this door.

b) On no account you should open this door.

c) On no account open you this door.

d) You on no account should open this door.

Answer: a


20. Choose the sentence with correct inversion for emphasis.

a) Rarely had we such a delightful meal.

b) Rarely we had such a delightful meal.

c) Rarely do we have such a delightful meal.

d) Do we rarely have such a delightful meal.

Answer: c

21. Which sentence is an example of correct inversion?

  • a) Not until he explained did we understand the problem.
  • b) Not until he explained we understood the problem.
  • c) We understood the problem not until he explained.
  • d) Until he explained did we not understand the problem.

Answer: a


22. Choose the correct inversion for “Hardly had she left when the phone rang.”

  • a) She hardly had left when the phone rang.
  • b) Hardly had she left when the phone rang.
  • c) Hardly she left when the phone rang.
  • d) Had she hardly left when the phone rang.

Answer: b


23. Which sentence demonstrates inversion?

  • a) Only did after he apologize was he forgiven.
  • b) Only he apologized after was he forgiven.
  • c) Only after he apologized was he forgiven.
  • d) Only after did he apologize he was forgiven.

Answer: c


24. Which sentence is correct?

  • a) Rarely we meet such kind people.
  • b) Rarely meet we such kind people.
  • c) Rarely do we meet such kind people.
  • d) Do we rarely meet such kind people.

Answer: c


25. Identify the sentence with correct inversion:

  • a) Seldom I have been so embarrassed.
  • b) Seldom have I been so embarrassed.
  • c) Have I seldom been so embarrassed.
  • d) Seldom been have I so embarrassed.

Answer: b


26. Which sentence uses inversion for emphasis?

  • a) Under no circumstances you should open this door.
  • b) Under no circumstances should you open this door.
  • c) Should you under no circumstances open this door.
  • d) You should open this door under no circumstances.

Answer: b


27. Which of the following sentences is inverted correctly?

  • a) Only with hard work will he succeed.
  • b) With hard work only will he succeed.
  • c) Only with hard work he will succeed.
  • d) With only hard work will he succeed.

Answer: a


28. Choose the correctly inverted sentence.

  • a) Not only he was intelligent, but he was also kind.
  • b) Not only was he intelligent, but he was also kind.
  • c) Not only was intelligent he, but he was kind also.
  • d) He was not only intelligent, also he was kind.

Answer: b


29. Which sentence demonstrates inversion?

  • a) Seldom they are late for meetings.
  • b) Seldom are they late for meetings.
  • c) Seldom are late they for meetings.
  • d) They are seldom late for meetings.

Answer: b


30. Select the correct inversion for “He had no sooner arrived than he started talking.”

  • a) No sooner he had arrived than he started talking.
  • b) No sooner did he arrive than he started talking.
  • c) No sooner he arrived than he started talking.
  • d) No sooner had he arrived than he started talking.

Answer: d


31. Choose the correct inversion for “Scarcely had we started eating when the doorbell rang.”

  • a) We had scarcely started eating when the doorbell rang.
  • b) Scarcely we had started eating when the doorbell rang.
  • c) Scarcely had we started eating when the doorbell rang.
  • d) We scarcely had started eating when the doorbell rang.

Answer: c


32. Which sentence uses inversion correctly?

  • a) Not until the last moment did he finish his work.
  • b) Until the last moment did he not finish his work.
  • c) Until the last moment he did not finish his work.
  • d) Did he not finish his work until the last moment.

Answer: a


33. Which sentence demonstrates correct inversion?

  • a) Only after I finished did I realize my mistake.
  • b) Only after finished I did realize my mistake.
  • c) Only after did I finish realize my mistake.
  • d) Only after finished I my mistake did realize.

Answer: a


34. Which sentence is correct?

  • a) Rarely has he been so happy.
  • b) Rarely he has been so happy.
  • c) Has rarely he been so happy.
  • d) Rarely been has he so happy.

Answer: a


35. Which of these sentences demonstrates inversion?

  • a) No sooner had the meeting started than he left.
  • b) The meeting no sooner had started than he left.
  • c) Had no sooner the meeting started than he left.
  • d) No sooner the meeting had started than he left.

Answer: a


36. Identify the correctly inverted sentence:

  • a) Little we did know what was in store.
  • b) Little did we know what was in store.
  • c) We did know little what was in store.
  • d) Did little we know what was in store.

Answer: b


37. Choose the correct inversion:

  • a) Not only was the movie interesting, but also educational.
  • b) Not only the movie was interesting, but also educational.
  • c) Not only interesting was the movie, but also educational.
  • d) Not only the movie interesting, but also educational.

Answer: a


38. Which sentence demonstrates inversion for emphasis?

  • a) Under no condition should you enter the room.
  • b) Under no condition you should enter the room.
  • c) Should you under no condition enter the room.
  • d) You should enter the room under no condition.

Answer: a


39. Select the correct inversion for “I had scarcely finished when he arrived.”

  • a) Scarcely had I finished when he arrived.
  • b) Scarcely I had finished when he arrived.
  • c) Finished had scarcely I when he arrived.
  • d) I scarcely had finished when he arrived.

Answer: a


40. Which sentence is an example of inversion?

  • a) Never I had seen such kindness.
  • b) Never had I seen such kindness.
  • c) Had never I seen such kindness.
  • d) I had never seen such kindness.

Answer: b


41. Choose the correct inversion:

  • a) No sooner did he arrive than he left again.
  • b) Did no sooner he arrive than he left again.
  • c) He did arrive no sooner than he left again.
  • d) No sooner he did arrive than he left again.

Answer: a


42. Which of the following sentences is correct?

  • a) Rarely he travels by plane.
  • b) Travels rarely he by plane.
  • c) Rarely does he travel by plane.
  • d) Rarely he does travel by plane.

Answer: c


43. Choose the sentence with correct inversion:

  • a) No sooner did I reach home than I felt tired.
  • b) Did no sooner I reach home than I felt tired.
  • c) No sooner I did reach home than I felt tired.
  • d) Reached no sooner I home than I felt tired.

Answer: a


44. Which sentence uses inversion?

  • a) Under no circumstances are you to be late.
  • b) Under no circumstances be you are late.
  • c) No circumstances under are you to be late.
  • d) You are under no circumstances to be late.

Answer: a


45. Select the correct inverted sentence:

  • a) Seldom do they finish on time.
  • b) Seldom they do finish on time.
  • c) Seldom finish they on time.
  • d) Finish they seldom on time.

Answer: a


46. Choose the correct inversion for “Not only did she sing, but she also danced.”

  • a) She did not only sing but also danced.
  • b) Not only she sang, but also danced.
  • c) Not only did she sing, but also danced.
  • d) Not only did she sing, but she also danced.

Answer: d


47. Identify the sentence with correct inversion.

  • a) Little does he know about the truth.
  • b) Does little he know about the truth.
  • c) Little he does know about the truth.
  • d) He little knows about the truth.

Answer: a


48. Which of the following sentences uses inversion correctly?

  • a) Not until the rain stopped could we go outside.
  • b) Not until the rain stopped we could go outside.
  • c) Not could we go until the rain stopped.
  • d) Could we not go until the rain stopped.

Answer: a


49. Which sentence is correctly inverted?

  • a) Hardly had he arrived when the show started.
  • b) Hardly arrived had he when the show started.
  • c) Had hardly he arrived when the
 

 

Pronunciation

Pronunciation

When we read English, we often have problems with the correct pronunciation of words. Today 50 amazing rules will be discussed for pronouncing English words correctly.

1. শব্দের শুরুতে  kn থাকলে তার উচ্চারণ হবে “ এক্ষেত্রে  k অনুচ্চারিত থাকে।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Knowledge নলেজ জ্ঞান
Knight নাইট অশ্ব
Knee নী হাঁটু
2. w এর পরে h/r থাকলে w উচ্চারণ হয় না।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Write রাইট লেখা
Wrong রং ভুল
Who হু কে
Wrestling রেস্টলিং কুস্তি
3. শব্দের শেষে “e” থাকলে “e” এর উচ্চারণ হয়না।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Name নেইম নাম
Come কাম আসা
Take ঠেইক নেওয়া
Fake ফেইক ভূয়া
4.m+b পর পর থাকলে এবং b এর পর কোন Vowel না  থাকলেউচ্চারিত  হয় না।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Bomb বম বােমা।
Comb কৌম চিরুনি
Thumb থাম হাতের বুড়াে আঙ্গুল।
Thumbnail থামনেল ছােট
5. Word এর শেষে  ign থাকলে তার উচ্চারণ “আইন হয়।  ক্ষেত্রে  g অনুচ্চারিত থাকে।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Design ডিজাইন আকা
Resign রিজাইন পদত্যাগ করা
Reign রেইন রাজত্ব
Feign ফেইন উদ্ভাবন করা
6. l+m পর পর থাকলে এবং পরে vowel না থাকলে  l অনুচ্চারিত থাকে।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Calm কাম শান্ত
Alms আমজ ভিক্ষা
Palm পাম তালগাছ
7. শব্দে  t থাকলে  t এর পরে  u থাকলে  t এর উচ্চারণ “” এর মত হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Lecture লেকচার বক্তৃ তা
Century সেঞ্চুরী শতক
Furniture ফার্নিচার আসবাবপত্র
Structure স্ট্রাকচার গঠন
8. Consonant+ ia+consonant এভাবে Word গঠিত  হলে, ia  এর উচ্চারণ (আইঅ্যামত হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Dialogue ডায়ালগ কথােপকথন
Diamond ডায়ামন্ড হীরক
Liar লায়ার মিথ্যাবাদী
Liability লাইয়াবিলিটি দায়
9. ir + Consonant এভাবে Word গঠিত হলে  t এর উচ্চারণ “আই” না হয়ে “অ্যা” হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
First ফাস্ট প্রথম
Birth বাথ জন্ম
Bird বার্ড পাখি
Circle সার্কেল বৃত্ত
10.  বর্ণ বিশিষ্ট  Word  consonant+ ie এভাবে ব্যবহৃত হলে তার উচ্চারণ “আই” এর মত হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Mice মাইস ইদুর
Rice রাইস চাউল
Wise ওয়াইস বিজ্ঞ
Size সাইজ আয়তন
11. Consonant+ u + Consonant এভাবে  word  গঠিত  হলে  এর উচ্চারণ “” এর মত হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Null নাল বাতিল
But বাট কিন্তু
Nut নাট বাদাম
Cut কাট কাটা
12.  igh এর উচ্চারণে  g উচ্চারিত হয় না। সেই অংশটুকুর উচ্চারণ “আই হবে।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Night নাইট রাত্র
Sight সাইট দৃশ্য
Might মাইট হতে পারে
13. “io” এর উচ্চারণ সাধারণত “আইয় হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Violet ভাইয়লেইট বেগুনী রঙ
Biology বাইয়ােলজি জীব বিদ্যা
Biography বাইয়ােগ্রাফি জীবনী
Violation ভাইয়লেশন ভঙ্গ
14. Consonant এর পর “ai”  এর উচ্চারণ  সবসময় “এই” বা “এয়্যা” হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Rail রেইল রেলের লাইন
Nail নেইল পেরেক
Straight স্ট্রেইট সােজা
     
15. o+ consonant+ u+ consonant+ a/e/i এভাবে  word গঠিত হলে, u এর উচ্চারণ “ইউ” এর মত হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Document ডকিউমেন্ট দলিল
Procurement প্রকিউরমেন্ট চেষ্টা দ্বারা পাওয়া
     
16. ire এর ক্ষেত্রে যদি বর্ণ তিনটি  word এর  শেষে  থাকে তবে এর উচ্চারণ “আয়্যা” হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Dire ডায়্যার ভয়ংকর
Mire মায়্যার কাদা
Admire এ্যাডমায়্যার তারিফ করা
17. ui + consonant এরপর vowel না থাকলে  ui এর উচ্চারণ “” এর মত হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Guilty গিল্টি দোষী
Guilt গিল্ট দোষ
Build বিল্ড নির্মাণ করা
18. ear এভাবে ব্যবহৃত হলে এবং  r  যদি word  এর  শেষ বর্ণ হয় তাহলে  ea এর উচ্চারণ “ঈঅ্যা” হবে।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Dear ডিয়্যার প্রিয়
Fear ফিয়্যার ভয়
Bear বিয়্যার বহন করা
19. ear + consonant এভাবে word গঠিত হলে,  ea এর উচ্চারণ “অ্যা” হবে।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Heart হার্ট হৃদয়
Earth আর্থ পৃথিবী
Earn আর্ন আয় করা
20 Consonant+ ea + consonant (r ছাড়াএভাবে  ব্যবহৃত হলে  ea এর উচ্চারণ  হবে।
     
Feather ফেদার পালক
Tread ট্রেড পদদলিত করা
Leader লিডার সর্দার
2.1 শব্দস্থিত  eer এভাবে ব্যবহৃত হলে  r যদি word   শেষ অক্ষর হয় তাহলে  eeএর উচ্চারণ “ইঅ্যা” হবে।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Peer পিয়্যার সমকক্ষ
Steer স্টিয়্যার হাল ধরা
Deer ডিয়্যার হরিণ
22. ps পরপর থাকলে এবং  p এর আগে কোন  vowel না থাকলে  p অনুচ্চারিত থাকে।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Psyche সাইকি আত্মা
Psycho সাইকো মন
Psora সৌরা খােসপাচঁড়া
23. শব্দস্থিত  stl এর উচ্চারণ হয় “” এখানে  t অনুচ্চারিত থাকে।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Bustle বাসল অতিশয় কর্ম ব্যস্ততা
Rustle রাসল খসখস শব্দ
Nestle নেসলে বাসা বাঁধা
24. ইংরেজি শব্দের শেষে  ich থাকলে এর উচ্চারণ হয় “
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Batch ব্যাচ ক্ষুদ্রদল
Match ম্যাচ ক্রীড়া প্রতিযােগিতা
Scratch স্ক্র্যাচ আচঁড়ের দাগ
25. শব্দস্থিত  oar থাকলে,  oa এর উচ্চারণ হবে “অ্যা
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Board বাের্ড মােটা শক্ত কাগজ
Boar বাের শূকর
Boat বােট নৌকা
Road রােড রাস্তা
26. e+ consonant (rছাড়া+ e এভাবে ব্যবহৃত হলে এবং তার পর  আর কিছু না থাকলে প্রথম  এর উচ্চারণ হয় “”  এবং দ্বিতীয়  e অনুচ্চারিত থাকে।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Complete কমপ্লীট সম্পূর্ণ
Mete মীট অংশ ভাগ করে দেয়া
     
27. শব্দস্থিত  oe এর উচ্চারণ হয় “
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Phoenix ফীনিক্স রুপ কথার পাখি বিশেষ
Amoeba এ্যামিবা ক্ষুদ্র এক কোষী প্রাণী।
28. Consonant এরপর  oi এর উচ্চারণ হয় “অই
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Coin কইন মুদ্রা
Foil ফইল পাত
Join জইন যােগদান করা
29. শব্দস্থিত  oa + consonant এভাবে ব্যবহৃত হলে  oa এর উচ্চারণ হয় “
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Road রৌড রাস্তা
Loan লৌন ঋণ
Toad টৌড ব্যাঙ
30. ui + consonant+ aeo এভাবে word গঠিত হলে সচরাচর  ui এর উচ্চারণ হয় আই” এর মত।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Guide গাইড পথ প্রদর্শক
Guile গাইল ছলনাফাঁকি
Misguidance মিসগাইড্যান্স  
31. শব্দের মাঝে  er ছাড়া অন্য consonant এভাবে ব্যবহৃত হলে  e এর উচ্চারণ সাধারণত “” বা “” হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Rent রেন্ট ভাড়া
Comet কমিট ধূমকেতু
Comment কমেন্ট মন্তব্য
32. ee+ consonant (r ছাড়াএভাবে ব্যবহৃত হলে, ee এর উচ্চরণ “” হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Need নীড প্রয়ােজন
Feel ফীল অনুভব করা
     
33. r + vowel+ ch এভাবে ব্যবহৃত হলে  ch এর উচ্চারণ হবে “
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Approach অ্যাপ্রােচ অভিগমন
Branch ব্রাঞ্চ শাখা
Crunch ক্র্যাঞ্চ গুড়ানাে
34. C এর পরে যদি  i/e/y থাকে তাহলে তার উচ্চারণ “” হবে।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Center সেন্টার কেন্দ্র
Cyclone সাইক্লোন ঘূর্ণিঝড়
Cell সেল কোষ
Circle সার্কেল বৃত্ত
35. y সাধারণত One-syllable এর শব্দে y, (আইহিসেবে উচ্চারিত হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Fly ফ্লাই উড়া
Shy শাই লজ্জা
Buy বাই ক্রয় করা
Toy উই খেলনা
Two-syllable এর শব্দে Y (হিসেবে উচ্চারিত হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
City সিটি শহর
Funny ফানি আনন্দ করা
Happy হ্যাপি খুশি
Policy পলিসি নীতিমালা
36. শব্দের শেষে  mn এর পরে কোন vowel না থাকলে এবং mn পরপর থাকলে  n অনুচ্চারিত থাকে।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Solemn সলেম গুরুগম্ভীর
Condemn কনডেম দোষারােপ করা
Damn ড্যাম অভিশাপ দেয়া

37. ইংরেজি শব্দের শেষে  gh থাকলে তার উচ্চারণ হয় “” 

অথবা কখনাে তা অনুচ্চারিত থাকে। কিন্তু এরপর  in বা  m থাকলে gh উচ্চারিত হয় না।

Word Pronunciation Meaning
Tough টাফ কঠিন
Enough ইনাফ যথেষ্ট
Mighty মাইটি বলশালী
High হাই উচ্চ

38. igh এর উচ্চারণ “আই “augh” এবং “ough” এর উচ্চারণ 

অধিকাংশ ক্ষেত্রেই ” বা “” তাছাড়া eigh এর উচ্চারণ হয় 

এই কিন্তু Height এর উচ্চারণ ব্যতিক্রম।

Word Pronunciation Meaning
Night নাইট রাত্র
Dight ডাইট সাজানাে
Fight ফাইট লড়াই
Tight টাইট টানটান
40. শব্দের শেষে que এর উচ্চারণ “
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Cheque চেক কিস্তিহুন্ডি
Baroque ব্যারক বলিষ্ঠ
Clique ক্লীক ক্ষুদ্রদল
39. Consonant এরপর  bt এর উচ্চারণ “”  এক্ষেত্রে “b” অনুচ্চারিত থাকে।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Doubt ডাউট সন্দেহ
Debt ডেট ঋণ
Doubtful ডাউটফুল সন্দিহান

41. lk এর আগে  বা  u না থাকলে  lk এর 

উচ্চারণ হবে “” এবং “k” অনুচ্চারিত থাকে।

Word Pronunciation Meaning
Talk টক আলাপ
Walk ওয়াক হাটা
Chalk চক খড়ি
42. kn বা  gn এর আগে vowel থাকলে  k   g উচ্চারিত হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Agnostic এ্যাগনষ্টিক অজ্ঞেয়
Acknowledge এ্যাকনলেজ স্বীকার করা
Acknowledgement এ্যাকনলেজমেন্ট স্বীকৃতি
43কোন শব্দে cc+ ou/consonant থাকলে cc এর উচ্চারণ হবে “
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Accuse এ্যাকিউজ অভিযুক্ত করা
According এ্যাকর্ডিং অনুযায়ী
Accurate এ্যাকিউরেট যথার্থ
44. কোন শব্দে  u এরপর consonant+ vowel+….. থাকলে  u এর উচ্চারণ সাধারণত “ইউ” হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Mute মিউট স্তব্ধনির্বাক
Tube টিউব নল
Duteous ডিউর্টিয়াস অনুগত , বাধ্য
45. কোন শব্দে  u এর পূর্বে consonant+ r/l+…… থাকলে uএর উচ্চারণ সাধারণত ” হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Blue বলু নীল
Glue গলু শিরিসের আঠা
True ট্র সত্য
46. কোন শব্দে  ue এর পূর্বে consonant + r বা না থাকলে  এর উচ্চারণ সাধারণত ইউ” এর মত হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Sue স্যু আদালতে অভিযুক্ত করা।
Hue হিউ রং
Imbue ইমবিউ অনুপ্রানিত করা
47. কোন শব্দে  u এর পূর্বে  r বা  l একক ভাবে থাকলে তার পরে বা consonant+ e/l থাকা স্বত্তেও তার উচ্চারণ সাধারণত “” হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Nude নুড নগ্নন্যাংটা
Lunacy লুনাসি পাগলামিবকা আচরণ
Lutanist লুটানিস্ট বীণাবাদক

48. u এর পর যদি এমন দুটি consonant থাকে যাদেরকে আলাদাভাবে উচ্চারণ 

করতে হয় (ফলে প্রথমটিতে একটি syllable শেষ হয় এবং 

পরেরটিতে আরেকটি syllable শুরু হয়তাহলে 

 দুটি consonant এর পর  e/i/a থাকা স্বত্তেও  u এর 

উচ্চারণ বাংলা ““- এর মত হয়।

Word Pronunciation Meaning
Incumbent ইনকামবেন্ট বাধ্যতামূলক
Number নাম্বার সংখ্যা
Constructive কনস্ট্রাকটিভ গঠনমূলক

Nudge (নাজ) – কনুয়ের মৃদু ঠেলা দেয়া।

49. lm এর আগে কোন vowel অর্থাৎ ““, “” বা “” ধ্বনি থাকলে উচ্চারিত হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Film ফিল্ম চলচ্চিত্র
EIm এল্ম দেবদারু জাতীয় গাছ
Filmy ফিল্মি মেঘাচ্ছন্ন
50. ui + consonant+ i কিংবা consonant+ l/r + ui এভাবে গঠিত হলে uiএর উচ্চারণ “ইউই” বা “উই” হয়।
Word Pronunciation Meaning
Perpetuity প্যারপিচিউইর্টি চিরস্থায়ীত্ব
Ingenuity ইনজিনিউইটি  
Liquidity লিকুইডিটি তারল্যতরল অবস্থা

Proverbs

Idioms and proverbs

A proverb is a saying which imbibes wisdom in it. It is defined as ” a short pithy saying in general use. ” It is used in everyday speech and writing. Some proverbs with their meanings are listed below.
Knowledge of these proverbs will enable the students to learn good English. :—

1. A good beginning makes a good end ( If a task is carefully planned, there’s a better chance that it will be done well. )
2. A good example is the best sermon ( Giving an example is better than giving advice. )
3. A good conscience is a soft pillow ( One sleeps well when one has nothing to feel guilty about. )
4. A bad workman quarrels with his tools ( An inefficient  worker blames others for his failure.)
5. A bird in hand is worth two in bush ( A thing which is sure and certain is better than an uncertain one.)
6. A burnt child dreads the fire ( One who has once got hurt by anything will avoid it afterwards. )
7. A friend in need is a friend indeed ( A true friend heps and supports in adversity.)
8. A rolling stone gathers no moss ( An unsteady man never achieves success.)
9. All that glitters is not gold ( Appearances are often deceptive. )
10. An outwardly shining and charming   ( Thing does not have real worth.)
11. A stitch in time saves nine ( A defect removed in time, saves us from a great deal of trouble afterwards. )
12. A little pot is soon hot ( A narrow-minded person loses his temper very soon. )
13. A sleeping fox catches no poultry ( An idle man cannot get anything. )
14. A drop in the ocean ( To pay Rs. 200 per month to a clerk these days is just like a drop in the ocean.)
15. A crowd is not a company ( People assembled all of a sudden do not make a suitable company. )
16. A fool and his money are soon parted ( a foolish is easily deprived of his money. )
17. A flow of words is no proof of wisdom ( A talkative man is not neccessarily a wise man. )
18. A great cry and little wool ( A great deal of clamour for a petty thihg. )
19. An idle mind is the devil’s workshop ( An idle man always thinks of mischief.)
20. A  common horse is the worst shod ( A business started by several parteners does not run for long. )
21. A man without purpose is a ship without a rudder ( A man who has no clear aim is likely to fail. )
22. A rotten sheep infects the whole flock ( A bad man currepts the whole company. )
23. All asses wag their ears ( All foolish persons talk and show as if they are very wise. )

24. A tree is known by its fruit ( The character of a man is judged by hs actions. )
25. A guilty conscience needs no accuser ( A guilty man betrays his crime of his own accord .)
26. As you sow so shall you reap ( One will have to suffer the consequences of one’s acts. )
27. An empty vessel makes much noise ( A man who has no real worth, always boasts of his qualities. )
28. A friend to everybody is a friend to nobody ( One who tries to be wellwisher of everyone cannot be that of anyone.)
29. A full purse never lacks friends ( A rich man is never in want of friends. )
30. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy ( Recreation is as important in life as serious work. )
31. All’s well that ends well ( All defects vanish if a thing ends successfully. )
32. All doors are open to courtesy ( A man of courtesy can get any work done. )
33. A woman’s strength is in her tongue ( A woman’s power lies in her loose talks only. )
34. A wooden leg is better than no leg ( It is better to have a little support than to have none. )
35. A penny saved is a penny gained ( If one saves a little money it is as good as gaining it. )
36. A reconciled friend is a double enemy  ( A friend lost and won is more dangerous than an enemy. )
37. A good presence is a letter of recommendation ( A man of graceful nature needs no letter of recommendation . )
38. A bald head is soon shaved ( A simple and innocent man is soon deceived . )
39. An angry man opens his mouth and shuts his eyes  ( An  angryman is governed by passios and loses self-control. )
40. As are the gods, so are the worshippers ( The character of public is formed by the leaders. )
41. All are no saints that go to church ( A man should be judged by his inward character and not by his outward conduct. )
42. A leopard cannot change its spots ( It is not possible for a bad or unpleasant person to become good or pleasant. )
43. A loaded wagon makes no noise ( Really wealthy people don’t talk about money. )
44. A fool at forty  is a fool forever ( If a person hasn’t matured by the age of forty, he never will. )
45. A flower blooms more than once ( If you miss an occassion, you can avail of it at another time.)
46. Better today than tomorrow ( One should not delay what one can do at the moment. )
47. Birds of same feather flock together ( Persons of the same nature often come together in one company.)
48. Barking dogs seldom bite ( Those who warn and threaten others hardly harm anyone. )
49. Better late than never ( It is better to do a thing belatedly than never to do it all. )
50. Better to wear out than to rust out ( Doing something is better than doing nothing. )
51. Better flatter a fool than fight him ( It’s better to avoid dispute with stupid people. )
52. Better the devil you know than the devil you don’t know ( It’s better to deal with somebody difficult but familiar than change and risk dealing with somebody worse. )
53. Better to be alone  than in tha bad company ( Be careful in the choice of the people you associate with. )
54. Better be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion ( It’s better to be the leader of a small group than a subordinate in a bigger group. )
55. Better lose the saddle than the horse ( It’s better to stop and accept a small loss. rather than continue and risk losing everything. )
56. Better safe than sorry ( It’s betterto be careful than to be careless and regret it later.)
57. Better to drink the milk than to eat the cow ( Be careful not to destroy the source of your income and welfare.)
58.  Better untaught than ill taught ( It’s better not to be taught at all than to be taught badly. )
59. Beauty is but skin deep ( A person’s character is more important than his appearance.)
60. Beauty lies in the eyes of the beholders ( Different people have different tastes. )
61. Bad news travels fast ( People tend to circulate bad news very quickly. )
62. Be swift to hear, slow to speak ( Listen carefully before speaking. )
63. Beggars should not be chooser ( Those who seek favours should not impose their choice. )
64. Blood is thicker than water ( Kinship is stronger than friendship. )
65. Beware of greeks bearing gifts ( Don’t trust your enemies. )
66. Blood will out ( A person’s background or education will eventually show. )
67. Better face danger once than be always in fear ( It is better to fight out a danger once than to fear it for long. )
68. Beware of silent dog and still water ( Silent people are often very dangerous. )
69. Brevity is the soul of wit ( Short and precise answers are the best ones. )
70. Ball is in your court (  It is upto you to decide. )
71. Before criticizing a person, walk a mile in his shoes ( One should not criticize a person without understanding his situation. )
72. Cast not pearls before swine  ( It is no good telling good things to those who cannot appreciate it. )
73. Caesar’s wife must be above suspicion ( The reputation of a great man’s wife must be without blames. )
74. Carry coal to Newcastle ( To carry something to a place where it is already plentiful. )
75. Charity begins at home ( We favour our relationship first and others afterwards. )
76. Choose a wife rather by your ear than by your eye ( Select a wife of good conduct and not of good external appearance. )
77. Clear moon frost soon ( If the atmosphere is clear, frost may form. )
78. Cleanliness is next to godliness ( A clean body is just as important as a pure soul. )
79. Clothes don’t make the man ( Appearances can be deceiving. )
80. Constant occupation prevents temptation  ( When you work you avoid temptation. )
81. Critics are like brushers of other man’s clothes ( Critics cleanse us of our defects and evils. )
82. Cut your coat according to your cloth ( One must spend within the limits of one’s income. )
83. Dead men tell no tales ( A dead person cannot cause difficulties by revealing something that would be preferable to conceal. )
84. Death keeps no calendar ( One may die at any moment. )
85. Desperate maladies require desperate means ( The worst type of evil can be abolished only by evil means. )
86. Diamond cuts diamond ( Refers to two people equally matched in wit or cunning.)
87. Diligence is mother of good fortune ( Hardwork brings rewards.)
88. Discreation is the better part of valour ( It is useless to take unneccessary risks. )
89. Distance makes the heart grow fonder ( When you are separated from the person you love, your feelings are even stronger. )
90. Dogs of the same street bark alike ( People from the same background have the same behaviour. )
91. Don’t bark if you can’t bite  ( Don’t complain if you can’t enforce your point of view. )
92. Don’t count your chicken before they are hatched (You must not be too confident that something will be successful.)
93. Don’t dig your grave with your own knife and fork ( Don’t do something yourself which causes your own downfall. )
94. Don’t judge a book by its cover ( Don’t  judge by appearances. )
95. Drowning man catches a straw ( Those who are in danger try to save themselves with the least possible support they can get. )
96. Do as you would be done by ( Behave others in the way you expect others to behave with you. )
97. Death is a great leveller ( Death makes no distinction between the high and the low. )
98. Easy come easy go ( What is required without effort, is spent without thought. )
99. Every dog has his day ( Everybody has some period of success. )
100. Example is better than percept ( Action is better than teaching . )
101. Eat to live but not live to eat ( Do not be a glutton but eat what and how much is neccessary. )
102. Every man thinks his own geese swan ( Everyone thinks his articles to be of high quality. )
103. Every cloud has a silver lining ( Every evil thing has some or the other quality. )
104. Easier said than done ( What is suggested sounds easy but it is more difficult to actually do it. )
105. Elbow grease is the best polish ( Hard work gives the best results. )
106. Empty vessels make the most noise ( The least intelligent people are often the most talkative or boastful. )
107. Every ass likes to hear himself bray ( People like to hear themselves talking. )
108. Every man for himself ( You must think about your own interests before the interests of others. )
109. Every man has his price ( Everyone’s loyalty can be bought for a price. )
110. Every man is the architect of his own fortune ( Life is what you make it. )
111. Every path has its puddle ( Progress is rarely without difficulty. )
112. Every rose has its thorn ( Every good thing has an unpleasant side. )
113. Every why has a wherefore ( There is an explanation for every thing. )
114. Every thing in the garden is rosy ( Every thing is satisfactory. )
115. Experience is the father of wisdom ( Experience and knowledge result in better judgement. )
116. Facts speaks louder than words ( People show what they are really like by what they do than by what they say. )
117. Failure teaches success (One should learn from one’s mistakes. )
118. Familiarity breeds contempt ( Knowing somebody very well may lead to a lack of respect for them. )
119. First come, first served ( The first person in the line will be attended to first. )
120. First weigh then say ( Consider well before you act. )
121. Fast bind , fast find ( One should take proper precaution in regard to any property, and you will not lose it. )
122. First catch your hare and then cook it ( The present must preprare for the future. )
123. First deserve and then desire ( One should desire a thing only when one is eligible for it. )
124. Fortune favours the brave  ( Those who are brave always succeed. )
125. Forgiveness is the noblest revenge ( Forgive your enemy who has caused you harm and that is the greatest revenge. )
126. Fools make feast, and wise men eat them ( Wise men enjoy themselves at the cost of foolish people. )
127. Fools rush in where angels fear to tread ( Inexperienced people act in situations that more intelligent people would avoid. )
128. Fool me once, shame on you; fool me twice, shame on me ( One should learn from one’s mistakes. )
129. Gardens are not made by sitting in the shade ( Nothing is achieved without efforts. )
130. Give and spend, God will send ( One should spend for his needs and charity. It is God who looks to everybody’s needs. )
131. Give someone an inch and he will take a mile ( Give someone a little and he will want more )
132. Give someone enough rope and he will hang himself ( Give someone enough time and freedom and he will get into the trouble. )
133. God helps those who help themselves (A man should do his best befforts to do a thing and leave the result into the hands of God. )
134. Grasp all, lose all ( A man who tries to get everything will get nothing. )
135. Go to bed with the lamb, and rise with the lark ( Early to bed early to rise. )
136. Good swimmers are often drowned ( Too much of confidence often brings about failure. )
137. Good accounting makes good friends ( You will keep your friends if you avoid dispute over money. )
138. Great minds think alike ( When two persons express the same opinion. )
139. Great oaks grow from little acorns ( Large successful operation can begin in a small way. )
140. Grief divided is made lighter ( If you share your grief it is easier to bear. )
141. Habit is second nature ( Custom makes all things easy. )
142. Half a loaf is better than no bread ( Something is better than nothing. )
143. Handsome is that handsome does ( Areally handsome person is he who does handsome deeds. )
144. Haste makes waste ( If something is done too quickly, it may be done carelessly and needs to be redone. )
145. Hatred is blind as love ( A person who feels hatred does not see any quality in the person he/she hates. )
146. He lacks most who longs most ( He who has endless wants will never be happy . )
147. Hanging and wiving go by destiny ( The hand of fate dictates joys and sorrows. )
148. He has enough who is content ( A happy person needs nothing more. )
149. He who hesitates is lost ( If you delay your decision too long, you may miss a great opportunity. )
150. He who is everywhere  is nowhere ( It’s not good to do many things at the same time. )
151. He laughs best who laughs last ( Don’t express your joy or your triumph, too soon. )
152. Health is better than wealth (It’s better to be in good health than to be rich . )
153. Home is where the heart is ( You call home the place where the people you love are. )
154. Honesty is the best policy ( Honest people succeed the most. )
155. Hunger is the best sauce ( A hungry person is never particular about the quality of food. )
156. Idleness is the rust of mind ( A man is spoiled if he does not work.)
157. It is hard to sit at Rome and fight with Pope ( We cannot fight with those whom we depend on. )
158. If two ride a horse, one must ride behind ( When two people do something together, one will be the leader and other will be the subordinate. )
159. If wishes are horses, then beggar would ride ( Wishing alone is of no use, you must act as well. )
160. Ignorance is bliss ( What you do not know causes no worry or sadness. )
161. Ill got ill spent ( Wealthgot by unfair or dishonest means is usually squandered sinfully. )
162. In for a penny, in for a pound ( If you start something, it is better to spend the time or money neccessary to complete it. )
163. It never rains but it pours ( Misfortune never comes alone. )
164. It is always darkest before the dawn ( The most difficult time is just before a problem. )
165. It is no good crying over spilt milk ( It is useless to feel sorry for the mistakes done. )
166. It is never too late to learn ( Knowledge may be aquired at any time and any stag. )
167. It takes all sorts to make a world ( People vary in character and abilities, and this is a good thing. )
168. It takes two to make a quarrel ( One cannot quarrel all alone. )
169. Jack of all trades and master of none ( One who can do a little of many things and is an expert in none )
170. Justice delayed is justice denied ( If the law is applied too late, there is no justice. )
171. Kill one to warn a hundred ( Warn many by punishing a few. )
172. Kill the goose tha lays the golden eggs ( Destroy a source of wealth or success. )
173. Killtwo birds with one stone ( Try to get two things by one effort. )
174. Kindness begets kindness ( If you are kind to p-eople, they will be kind to you. )
175. Knowledge is power ( Knowledge makes it possible for you to act. )
176. Knowledge in youth is wisdom in age ( What you learn when you are young will be invaluable when you grow up. )
177. Learn to walk before you run ( Don’t rush into doing something until you know how to it. )
178. Learning is a treasure that will follow its owner everywhere ( Education is something you keep forever. )
179. Least said soonest mended ( The more discreet you are, the less damage you cause. )
180. Let bygones be bygones ( Let’s forgive and forget past quarrels. )
181. Lightning never strikes in the same place twice ( An unusual event is not likely to occur again in exactly the same circumstances. )
182. Like father like son ( A son’s character can be expected to resemble to his father’s. )
183. Little strokes fell great oaks ( If you divide a task into small parts, it becomes easier to do. )
184. Look before you leap ( First think then act. )
185. Make hay while the sun shines ( To do a thing at the most opportune time. )
186. Man a little makes a mickle ( Great numbers are made of small units. )
187. Man proposes, God dispses ( Wishes of men are subjected to God’s mercy. )
188. Manners maketh a man ( Manners increase the importance of man. )
189. Marriages are settled in heaven ( Marriages are planned by fate and not by man’s wishes. )
190. Mice will play when the cat is away ( A man enjoys freely when his master is absent. )
191. Many men, many minds ( Everybody has his own likes and dislikes. )
192. Many hands make light work ( Sharing work makes work easier. )
193. Marry in haste, repent in leisure ( If you get married too quickly you may spend all your life regretting it. )
194. Misfortune seldom come alone ( Sorrows and sufferings surround man on all sides. )
195. Money begets money ( If you have money you can make more money. )
196. Money is the root of all evil ( Money is the main cause of all wrongdoings and problems. )
197. Money makes the mare go ( Much can be done under the influence of money. )
198. More die by food than by famine (More people die of excess of food than by want of food. )
199. More haste, more waste (A man who is over hasty, spoils his work. )
200. Murder will out ( None can conceal a murder. )
201. Need teaches a plan ( Neccessity will make you find a solution. )
202. Neccessity has no law (Want compels a man to do every kind of work. )
203. Neccessity is the mother of invention ( Every new invention  is caused by neccessity. )
204. Never say die ( Never give up. )
205. No gains without pains ( One cannot enjoy advantage until one is prepared for hard labour. )
206. No man is an island ( We all need other people. )
207. No news is good news ( If the news was bad, we would hear of it. Since we have heard nothing we can assume that all is well. )
208. No rose without a thorn ( Pleasure and pain go together. )
209. No man can serve two masters ( It is impossible for one to satisfy two persons at one and same time. )
210. No smoke without fire ( There could be some truth in the rumour. )
211. No wind, no waves ( There could be some truth in the rumour. )
212. Nothing ventured nothing gained ( One will not be able to get anything until and unless one is prepared for hard labour. )
213. Once bitten twice shy ( After an unpleasant experience, people are careful to avoid something similar. )
214. One beats the bush, another catches the hare ( People often enjoy the fruits of labour done by others. )
215. One today is worth two tomorrow ( What you have today is better than what is promised or hoped for. )
216. One man’s meat is another man’s poison ( What is good for one is bad for others. )
217. One man’s trash is another man’s treasure ( What is useless to one could be valuable to others. )
218. One swallow does not make a spring ( One man alone cannot do the whole thing. )
219. Only the wearer knows where the shoe pinches ( Only those who suffer best know their miseries. )
220. Opportunity makes the thief ( Strong temptations oblige a man to yield. )
221. Opportunity seldom knocks twice ( Don’t miss opportunities that come along. )
222. Out of sight, out of mind ( Even the nearest and dearest are forgotten when they are away. )
223. Patience is a virtue ( It is good to be patient. )
224. Patience is a plaster for all sores ( If one has patience, one is able to bear all the hardships whatever may come in life. )
225. Penny wise and  pound foolish ( To attach importance to petty things and neglect great ones. )
226. People who live in glass houses should not throw stones at others (Those who have grating defects in their character should not criticise others. )
227. Practice makes perfect ( A man can improve a lot by continuous practice. )
228. Practise what you preach ( Do yourself what you advise others to do. )
229. Prevention is better than cure  ( It is easier to prevent something from happening than to repair the damage. )
230. Pride goeth before a fall ( A proud man is bound to be humbled one day. )
231. Prosperity gains friends, adversity tries them ( A rich man may win a number of friends but they are put to test in hard times. )
232. Punctuality is the soul of business ( You should balways be on time for your business appointments. )
233. Put all your eggs in one basket ( Risk everything by putting all money in one business. )
234. Revenge is sweet ( There is satisfaction in returning an injury. )
235. Riches have wings ( None can remain rich for long. )
236. Rome was not built in a day ( Nothing really great can be got in a short time. )
237. Saying is onething, doing is another ( People don’t always do what they announce. )
238. Short reckonings make long friends ( Debts paid quickly encourage friendships. )
239. Silence is consent ( If one remains silent, it shows one’s acceptance of a thing. )
240. Snug as a bug in a rug ( Feeling very comfortable. )
241. Soft words break no bones ( Gentle and courteous speech harms none. )
242. Spare the rod and spoil the child ( Children not kept under control get spoiled later. )
243. Speak the truth and shame the devil ( If you resist the devil by speaking the truth, he will be put to shame. )
244. Still waters run deep ( Quiet and reserved persons are generally intelligent. )
245. Stolen fruit is the sweetest (Things earned by evil means appear to be very charming. )
246. Time and tide wait for none ( One cannot stay to course of time. )
247. Time has wings ( Time goes by quickly. )
248. Time is money ( Time is valuable and should not be wasted . )
249. To err is human, toforgive divine ( It is human nature to make mistakes, therefore one shall forgive. )
250. Too many cooks spoil the broth ( If too many persons are involved in something, it will not be done properly. )
251. True friends are tested in adversity ( It’s when you have problems that you realise who your real friends are. )
252. Trust not a horse’s heel nor a dog’s tooth ( Be careful of the reaction of animals. )
253. Truth is stranger than fiction (  Events in real life are sometimes stranger than in fiction. )
254. Tall oaks grow from little acorns ( Great things may come from small beginings. )
255. The best fish swims near the bottom (The valuable things can be attained only after a careful and deep search. )
256. The darkest hour is just before dawn ( There is a hope even in the worst of time. )
257. The early bird catches the worm ( If you want to do the something successfully, you should do it as soon as you can. )
258. The first step is the hardest ( The most difficult thing is to begin. )
259. The pen is mightier than the sword ( Words and communication have greater effect than war and fightings. )
260. The way to a man’s heart is through his stomach ( Feed a man well and he will love you. )
261. There is a black sheep in every flock ( There is always one who doesn’t behave or perform like others. )
262. There is many a slip between the cup and the lip ( We should not count on anything until it is actally in our grasp. )
263. Union is strength ( A group has more  force than an individual. )
264. United we stand divided we fall ( Union is strength. )
265. Unwillingness easily finds an excuse ( A person who doesn’t want to do something always finds a reason to avoid it. )
266. Variety is the spice of life ( Doing a lot of things make life more interesting. )
267. Virtue is its own reward ( You could not expect praise for acting in a correct or moral way. )
268. Walls have ears ( Be careful, people could be listening. )
269. Waste not, want not ( If you never waste anything, you will have it when you need it. )
270. Watch how the wind blows ( One should watch the development and only then speak. )
271. Well begun is half done (A good beginning a;lways ensures a good end. )
272. What cannot be cured must be endured. ( Pains from which there can be no relief, must be borne patiently. )
273. When ignorance is bliss, it is folly to be wise ( If a man does not understand fully, it is wise to keep silent. )
274. When the cat is away mice play ( People misbehave when their boss is absent. )
275. When in Rome, do as the Roman do ( One should keep in mind and follow the traditions of the place where he lives. )
276. When poverty come in the door, love goes out of the window ( Nobody loves poor relatives. )
277. When the wine is is , wit is out ( A man under intoxication, loses all senses. )
278. When there is smoke there is fire ( Effect and cause theory applies everywhere. )
279. Where there is a will, there is a way ( If one has a strong will to do anything, one can find out the way to get it done.)
280. Where there is life, there is hope ( One should never lose hope to achieve his goal. )
281. You are what you eat ( What you eat , has an effect on your well- being. )
282. You can lead a horse to water but you can’t make it drink ( You can offer someone an opportunity to do something but you can’t force him to do it. )
283. You can’t teach an old dog new tricks ( A person who is used to doing things in a certain way cannot change.)
284. You scratch my back and I’ll scratch yours ( You help me and I’ll help you. )

Exercise on capital letter and punctuation

Use the capital letter and punctuation marks in the following sentences.

1. (a) i am a muslim and you a christian (b) the quran is a holy book of the muslims (c) liza reads in dhanmondi girls school (d) have jamal and kamal gone to chittagong (e) how fortunate he was (f) i had visited london, france and many european countries (g) babul lived in a village of rangpur district (h) hurrah i have passed (i) one day hider ali entered tipos room (j) emperor shajahan built the tajmahal

Use the capital letter and punctuation marks in the following sentences.

1. (a) he passed in history but failed in mathematics (b) the annual examination of anis will be held on november (c) the mahanagar express will leave soon (d) he prayed to allah and he blessed me (e) arabian nights is a famous book (f) is humayan ahmed a famous writer (g) if i were a king (h) have you seen bashir (i) how sweetly the bird sings (j) sabinas mother teaches us physics

2. (a) long ago there was a great musician in greece (b) his name was amir hasan chowdhury (c) alas i am undone (d) what a fine bird it is (e) are you doing anything (f) dhaka stands on the buriganga (g) it is robis book (h) you he and i are friends (i) bangladeshis are people (j) robert bruce was the king of scotland

3. (a) how are you bakul (b) rajib do the work (c) what is the matter (d) the padma is a big river (e) the english were much stronger (e) anil and jamil are two friends (g) dr ahmed was a teacher of english (h) this is rahims book (i) i have seen the pacific ocean (j) my uncle is an ma

4. (a) ismail hossain was azizs grandfather (b) how charming the scenery of cox’s bazar is (c) when was nazrul born (d) hellow friends listen to what I say (e) alexander the great came to india (f) i am a citizen of australia but you are a citizen of japan (g) mr jamiruddin spent his whole life in the east (h) we all should pray to allah (i) my father came home on monday (j) the bengalis speak bangla

Rewrite the sentences using punctuations and capital letters where necessary.

1. they listen to cd and watch movies on dvd 2. today as they come in they see a foreigner 3. he is sitting alone at a corner table 4. this is shammi 5. the sky becomes dark 6. a strong wind starts to blow 7. is it going to rain 8. rina opens her umbrella 9. suddenly it blows away 10. did the wind take it 11. it sails high above the hill 12. will the wind give it back 13. mili nayan and saleh are my friend 14. they are kind polite and caring 15. well how are you 16. oh im fine 17. yes i know laila 18. no i don’t know yusuf 19. tamim listen to this song 20. neel can you please turn on the radio 21. mary what are you looking at 22.joy do you see that butterfly over there 23. yes i do oh it is beautiful 24. yes it is its wings are blue yellow brown and red 25. mary can we try and catch it 26. no we cant 27. well i can surely take a picture 28. oh you can do that 29. you did fantastic 30. you look great 31. stop writing 32. hira come and see me immediately 33. wow what a picture 34. wow wonderful 35. amal  says lets read this story together 36. no neel says i’m not feeling well i want to go home can we read it later 37. the teacher asks do know what an igloo is  38. yes teacher the eskimos live in igloo it is a house built of snow answers the student 39. mohua said may i come in teacher 40. the teacher looked up and said yes you may why are you late  41. i am sorry teacher i could not get any rickshaw said mohua  42. the teacher said well try not to be lated again 43. yes teacher said mohua softly  44. bulbul said mom tell me a story 45. mother said i m busy now let me finish cooking first 46. can i go and watch the tv asked bulbul 47. well if you have finished your home work said his mother 47. bulbul said yes mom i have 48. we often come here in our free time 49.  what is wrong asad 50. mother said i m busy now let me finish cooking first 51. what a beautiful country it is 52. well if you have finished your home work said his mother 53. i can hear your voice now says rosie 54. is he an honest man 55. Is he not an honest man? 56. aren’t they happy

Rewrite the following passage using capitalization and punctuation.

1. yesterday we all went to visit one of our uncles house at shafipur we spent the day eating delicious food and roaming around it took us about five hours to come back due to heavy traffic

2. aman dont be so silly he will come soon said rimon we need not wait for him he failed to keep his words replied kamal

3. climate change has already started bringing disasters to bangladesh we remember the damage caused by the aila in 2009 climate change victims are increasing in number everyday

4. robinson crusoe was born in england he wanted to be a sailor but his father did not like the idea at all he

5. what is the time by your watch he said its half past nine i replied i want to go to college would you accompany me please no i am sorry i said

6. my father looked at me in anger and said to me where have you been so long and why are you wasting your time after a moment he said will you not appear in the final examination i said i went to my friends house to borrow an essential book but he was not at home so i had to wait for him

7. how much do you want said the mayor a thousand guilders said the pied piper all right said the mayor well pay you a thousand guilders when will you set to work now replied the pied piper

8. one day i saw a beautiful blue bird in my garden the bird had a bean in its claw the bird said to me i take this bean and plant it in your garden

9. dhaka the capital of bangladesh is famous for its mosques and monuments both old and new the old ones are as attractive as the new ones

10. we live in bangladesh almost all of us speak in bangla most of the people of the country are muslims besides hindus buddhists and Christians also live here about 80 percent people live in the villages

11. he used to smoke heavily he got the bad habit from his college days recently my mother and i were very worried about fathers worsening health condition he was having continuous chest pain the doctor showed him his chest x-ray plates there were dark marks on his lungs

12. alexander the great was the king of macedonia he was the son of philip a mighty king of sparta he invaded india 327 years before the birth of christ

13. thomas stems eliot was born on September 26, 1888 in st louis missouri after studying at harverd and sorbornehe emigrated to england in 1914

14. first you can make a forum and select a leader the class teacher suggest them to divide the clearing activities among different groups its really a great teacher says safiq well make the forum now and start working immediately

15. why dont you attend classes regularly the teacher said to the boy you cannot expect good results unless you attend classes

16. the teacher said to the boy do you think that honesty is the best policy the boy said yes sir think so then leam to be honest from your boyhood said the teacher thank you sir said the boy may allah grant you a long life said the teacher to the boy

17. what can i teach you asked nasiruddin we dont know replied the students you are students but you dont know anything so i cant teach you anything said nasiruddin

18. teaching is such a profession that helps to build a nation a teacher is both a guide and a pioneer he has to dedicate to this noble profession in order to guide the nation so he is called an architect of a new society if he neglects his duties social discipline will break down.

19. the tortoise must be far behind he said to himself i am already half way through why not have a nap beside that tree

20. mother said to me where are you going i am going to school said i did you go to school yesterday no i replied

21. mr grasshopper sang his song again and then he asked mr ant would you like to hear another song i know many good ones oh thank you very much replied mr ant politely

22. patriotism stands for nations but does not stand against internationalism or universal brotherhood nowadays there are hatred, bloodshed and unrest in many countries of the world under the false cover of patriotism world peace is not possible if we do not stand for human dignity which is the basic condition of patriotism

23. bangladesh is a land of villages most of the people live in village areas life here is smooth but not free from problems

24. the 21st february is declared the international mother language day this day is also called shaheed day shaheed minar is covered with flowers

25. japan is a country of islands much of the food of japan comes from the sea the japanese eat a lot of sea food such as shrimps oysters as well as mineral-rich sea weed

26. mr adrian is a reporter of the bangladesh observer once he visited a flood-affected area he said to the man have you received any relief goods

27. once i asked a little girl what is your mother’s name she replied cleverly i know my mother’s name but i wont tell you that i said what a clever girl you are may you prosper in life

28. where are you going nadia said nahida to rajshahi replied nadia why asked nahida to see my uncle he is sick may he come round soon wished nahida

29. the traveller said to the peasant can you tell me the way to the nearest inn the peasant said yes i can do you want one in which you can spend the night the traveller said i do not wish to stay there but i only want a meal 

30. the rainy season is caused by monsoon the south-west monsoon that blows from the bay of bengal brings much vapour it causes heavy rainfall and the rainy season occurs in bangladesh

31. salam, kamal, and alam are friends they are very much interested to learn english one day alam said to mamun well you learn english then read an english paper named the daily star

32. a fruitseller said which fruits do you want to buy i have apples from australia oranges from daijeeling grapes from kashmir the customer said what fruits of our country do you have

33. water is an important element of the environment since it is essential for living it is called life but polluted water is harmful because it causes dangerous diseases polluted water causes not only diseases but also death though

34. maruf is a school going boy he is the most talented and intelligent boy in the class his best friend is anim he is also talented roni rafi zubair and ratul are their friends they often sit together and study in group

35. my friend said to me why are you sitting alone in your room at this hour dont you see that the sky is clear

36. rabindranath tagore is my favourite poet he was born at jorasako in calcutta on the 7th may 1861

37. no im going with my aunt uncle and cousin says mita they are right there on that counter is this your first visit to thailand yes wanted that he should study law

38. in general i enjoy my english class however the amount of homework our teacher assigns is definitely not enjoyable after a long day at school and coaching i look forward to enjoying a quiet dinner at home playing with my younger brother and watching a little tv.

39. shihab stood on the sidewalk and looked down he saw cars and busts running under the flyover he did not know there could be roads one above the other he wanted to know many things about the flyover

40. death is inevitable yet everybody forgets it for the necessity of life again someone becomes immortal by welcoming death with smiling face someone dies many times before death

41. this is shihabs first visit to dhaka so one day mr hafizuddin takes him to dhanmondi shihab is surprised to see so many tall buildings he starts counting the floors of a building the building has twenty two floors

42. good morning ripa said shuvo how much preparation have you taken for the exam a great preparation said she wow what a lucky girl said shuvo

43. have you ever been to coxs bazar asked kamal no i have never gone there replied hasan

44. havent you heard the name of the poet kazi nazrul Islam very few poets in bengali literature are as famous as nazrul Islam nazruls writings were full of hope and aspiration

45. how is your father karim said mr rahman he is very well thank you karim replied i am glad to hear that he is in good health said mr rahman

46. thomas alva edison was born in 1847 in ohio america as a little boy he was very inquisitive very early in life he showed that he was full of curiosity which is so important to inventors

47. zaman can you tell me what i am teaching the teacher asked im sorry sir i cant follow replied zaman you cant because you are not attentive the teacher said

48. cutting down of trees indiscriminately is called deforestation to meet up the basic needs trees are being cut in a large scale and thus it causes ecological imbalance we cut trees for building housees, fuel furniture and so on besides some dishonest people cut trees to make money

49. rahim said to karim have you heard the name of dinesh chandra sen yes he is famous for moimonshingho gitika karim said

50. begum rokeya was a famous writer and a social worker she lived in undivided bengal in the early 20th century she believed that woman should have the same rights and opporturnites as men have in the society

51. give me a few grains of corns im dying from hunger said the grasshopper but what did you do in the summer didnt you store up any grain the ant remarked no I was too busy.

52. how are you im fine my 12th birthday is on 16 january my father isnt at home hes on a business trip to Singapore so ive decided to celebrate it in a very simple manner

53. once upon a time a dove and a bat were very good friends one day the two friends decided to set out on a journey they flew over the rivers and hills and came to a jungle both the friends were very tired they needed to sit down and take a rest

54. the man said to the manager may i come in sir yes come in what do you want said the manager i want to open a bank account with your bank said the man

55. there is nothing more valuable than sincerity it means dutifulness honesty and modesty we should not blame our lot the more we are sincere the more we are successful

56. yesterday we all went to visit the house of one of our uncles at shafipur we spent the day eating delicious food and roaming around it took us about five Ipurs to come back due to heavy traffic jam

57. rina said to me have you finished reading the book i gave you yesterday yes i have i replied what an interesting book it is i wish i would borrow the book earlier

58. my name’s salma rahman i was born and brought up in jessore i studied in rajshahi university for four years for the last one year i’ve been working in a women’s organization

59. you and i are friends we have shared a lot of things in our lives we have been friend since our childhood do you remember those old days how happy we were

60. man can not live alone so he wants a company he can’t live even for a single day alone this is why, he lives together co-operating with others In this way society is formed

61. what we have achieved after the liberation war is not enough at all what is happening is out of our control as a result we should try our best to save the essence of freedom

62. human beings have invented many important things so far they have brought great civilization in the world through these inventions do you know which invention is the greatest it is wheel

63. mother said do you know where sabid lives no bul jesmin knows jesmin and I are going together jesmin will probably be at the station to meet us said rafiq

64. will you come to my house tomorrow i asked the boy we can discuss terms and conditions then i paid i shall be very happy to meet with you at your house thank you so much he replied

65. to be good is noble but to teach others how to be good is nobler and no trouble said a well known writer this may explain why in this world there is more of preaching than of practice

66. a table of contents is usually written as contents at the top of the page the list of the parts is presented in order that they appear in the book the list contains the titles or the names of the parts

67. polluted water is dangerous illiterate people drink it ignoring the consequence we should prevent water pollution so that we may get safe and sound environment

68. he said i can chop some wood today i said but i have a boy coming from the orphanage im the boy you but you’re small size don’t matter chopping wood he said

69. though there are some differences between practical knowledge and bookish knowledge actually they are often thought to be the same if man is educated in the real sense he will be able to lead a life completely different from others furthermore he can distinguish between right and wrong above all education is very important

Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text.

1. the rich are not always happy on the other hand the poor are not always unhappy we should not hate the poor a poor man may be an honest man but a rich man may be a dishonest man
Answer: The rich are not always happy. On the other hand, the poor are not always unhappy. We should not hate the poor. A poor man may be an honest man but a rich man may be a dishonest man.

2. the park is beautiful but dirty everybody likes to go there it is a new park we should keep it clean
Answer: The park is beautiful but dirty. Everybody likes to go there. It is a new park. We should keep it clean.

3. the chairman of our union parishad is an honest man he leads a very simple life everyday he hoes out to meet the people become people become happy when they het him among them
Answer: The chairman of our Union Parishad is an honest man. He leads a very simple life. Everyday he hoes out to meet the people. People become happy when they het him among them.

4. he will come after sometime he always comes here to play with us he is fond of playing cricket whenever he gets time, he watches cricket on television
Answer: He will come after sometime. He always comes here to play with us. He is fond of playing cricket. Whenever he gets time, he watches cricket on television.

5. when do you go to school when does your class start when do you come back from school when do you do your homework
Answer: When do you go to school? When does your class start? When do you come back from school? When do you do your homework?

6. i get up early in the morning then i walk for an hour walking is my regular exercise exercise is very useful to everybody
Answer: I get up early in the morning. Then I walk for an hour. Walking is my regular exercise. Exercise is very useful to everybody.

7. the sun rises in the east and sets in the west we get light from the sun the sun is many times larger than the earth it looks round in shape
Answer: The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. We get light from the sun. The sun is many times larger than the earth. It looks round in shape.
8. an honest man always speaks the truth people respect him for his honesty a dishonest man always tells a lie we should try to be honest.
Answer: An honest man always speaks the truth. People respect him for his honesty. A dishonest man always tells a lie. We should try to be honest.
9. mother told me a story the story was interesting i listened to the story attentively but i forgot everything now i am trying to remember the story
Answer: Mother told me a story. The story was interesting. I listened to the story attentively, but I forgot everything. Now I am trying to remember the story.

10. he never goes to school he is an idiot he never passes any examination teachers do not like him
Answer: He never goes to school. He is an idiot. He never passes any examination. Teachers do not like him.
11. he goes to the riverside every evening he walks there for half an hour he takes much interest in walking by the riverside an evening walk by the riverside is useful for health
Answer: He goes to the riverside every evening. He walks there for half an hour. He takes much interest in walking by the riverside. An evening walk by the riverside is useful for health.

12. he said that he would come again he always does whatever he tells he never breaks his promise a gentleman always does so
Answer-16: He said that he would come again. He always does whatever he tells. He never breaks his promise. A gentleman always does so.
13. he was not present in the class yesterday he often does so but it was not the case before once upon a time he was very irregular in going to the class we should tell him to stop this bad practice
Answer: He was not present in the class yesterday. He often does so, but it was not the case before. Once upon a time, he was very irregular in going to the class. We should tell him to stop this bad practice.
14. mr khan is a learned person he comes of a gentle family he joined our school two months ago he is very popular with the students and also teaches well
Answer: Mr Khan is a learned person. He comes of a gentle family. He joined our school two months ago. He is very popular with the students and also teaches well.

15. all children should go to school parents should advise them to go to school children are the future of our country we should be proud of our children
Answer: All children should go to school. Parents should advise them to go to school. Children are the future of our country. We should be proud of our children.

16. one day i went to market with my father father bought a lot of items i became very happy as i did not go to market before i remember the day till now
Answer: One day I went to market with my father. Father bought a lot of items. I became very happy as I did not go to market before. I remember the day till now.

17. the color of the mangoes is red these mangoes are very sweet and juicy we have many mango trees around our house the mango is a seasonal fruit but it is not our national fruit
Answer: The color of the mangoes is red. These mangoes are very sweet and juicy. We have many mango trees around our house. The mango is a seasonal fruit, but it is not our national fruit.

18. the glass is full of water no animal can live without water water has no color or taste as we cannot live without water we should keep it safe for drinking
Answer: The glass is full of water. No animal can live without water. Water has no color or taste. As we cannot live without water, we should keep it safe for drinking.

19. father goes to office at 7 a m everyday he gets up one hour earlier he spends this one hour for preparation father remains at the office for the whole day
Answer: Father goes to office at 7 a.m. everyday. He gets up one hour earlier. He spends this one hour for preparation. Father remains at the office for the whole day.

20. the quran is our holy book every muslim should know how to read the quran this book is our guide and teacher if we follow this book we must shine in life
Answer: The Quran is our holy book. Every Muslim should know how to read the Quran. This book is our guide and teacher. If we follow this book, we must shine in life.
21. mother starts cooking in the morning and finishes it by 9 a m i go to school at 10 a m mother wants to be sure so that i never become late in school i am happy that i never become late in school
Answer: Mother starts cooking in the morning and finishes it by 9 a.m. I go to school at 10 a.m. Mother wants to be sure so that I never become late in school. I am happy that I never become late in school.
22. brother bought a new car last month i like to travel by a car it is only the rich who can buy a car the price of a car is going up day by day
Answer: Brother bought a new car last month. I like to travel by a car. It is only the rich, who can buy a car. The price of a car is going up day by day.
23. he reads in class 8 his school stands by the side of a river the headmaster of his school is a very kind person he never punishes students
Answer: He reads in class 8. His school stands by the side of a river. The Headmaster of his school is a very kind person. He never punishes students.
24. man is mortal death must come at the right time we cannot avoid death death is the end of life
Answer: Man is mortal. Death must come at the right time. We cannot avoid death. Death is the end of life.
25. it does not rain much during the winter season so the winter season appears to be a dry season people suffer from different cold-related diseases in this season i like this season more than any other season
Answer: It does not rain much during the winter season. So, the winter season appears to be a dry season. People suffer from different cold-related diseases in this season. I like this season more than any other season.

Use capitals and punctuation marks where necessary in the following text.

1. i have got gpa-5 in the ssc exam said Rafiq congratulation said I what do you intend to do now i want to study in a reputed college and will try to get admission in rajuk college rafiq replied

2. said an old crab to young one why do you walk so crooked child walk straight mother said the young crab show me the way will you

3. what kind of stories did aesop tell said anwar fables replied mrs. amin do you know what fables are no replied anwar well continued mrs. amin fables are stories with a message or a moral

4. i came to dhaka this morning i sent you a telegram before starting for home he said did you receive it in time he asked no i replied

5. william shakespeare the monarch of world literature was born on 23 april 1564 in stratford on Avon his mother was mary arden and his father was john shakespeare he was not much educated he had little knowledge of grammar

6. the buckingham palace is in england it was originally built for the duke of buckingham in 1703 and was called buckingham house king george III bought it in 1761 it was remodelled and enlarged by a famous architect john nash

7. alexander the great was the king of mecedonia he was the son of philip a mighty king of sparta he invanded India about 327 years before the birth of christ on the way he defeated puru and marched towards the punjab

8. suppose we are in some danger said miss mebbin nonsense said m packletide its a very old tiger it could not spring up here even if it wanted to if its an old tiger i think you ought to get if cheaper a thousand taka is a lot of money

9. who are happy those who have fit bodies are the happiest ones if we are physically sound we will be mentally sound too we need to take care of our health as well as be positive in thinking how lucky they are who are both ways fit

10. did you hear a sound he asked she replied i heard nothing distinctly listen carefully he said cant you hear a little moaning sound coming from the old cottage

11. how dare you wake me up the lion roared i shall kill you for that please please let me go the mouse cried i did not mean to wake you up

12. overhearing their whispers the caliph said to the dervishes are you not of this house then no they replied we have never been in this place before

13. there are many countries in the world with many languages but you cannot speak all the languages so you need a common language that you can use with more or less all the people in the world English is that common language you should learn this language

14. rifa said to tasfika how are you i went to your house yesterday but did not find you where did you go i went to the station said tasfika i had to receive my maternal uncle

15. what do you want nahar said the principal i need three days leaves she replied the principal said why the marriage ceremony of my elder sister will be held on next friday where is your application here it is

16. wretch said the king what harm did I do there that you should seek to take my life with your own hand you killed my father and my two brothers the young man replied

17. once i asked a sweet little girl what is your mothers name she replied cleverly i know my mothers name but i wont tell you that i said what a clever girl you are i dont tell my mothers name to anybody whom i dont know she spoke with an air of confidence

18. why dont you attend classes regularly the teacher said to the students you cant expect good results unless you attend classes as i tell you i am sorry sir i have offended you said the student

19. mother is an unending sweet name she loves her children never neglects her duties to them when i think if my mother will leave and embrace the eternity i am at a loss how we can bear this separation
20. are you brothers asked the mistress of the house turning to the darvishes no we are poor wanderers who met by mere chance replied the darvishes

21. i have missed the plane tareq said to the woman sitting at the front desk what shall I do now go to the desk marked inquiry the woman said flight t w 226 has left the man in the inquiry said but
your ticket is for flight ba 179

22. will you go to college today the father said to her son no father our classes are suspended then go to market and bring some vegetables let me be ready and give me money

23. i never eat anything for lucheon she said oh dont say that i answered generously i never eat more than one thing she said i think people eat for too much now a days

24. the lion roared how dare you wake me up ill kill you the mouse cried please let me go i didn’t mean to wake you up

25. we want to go on excursion sir the students insisted where do you want to go the students replied will you allow us to visit sonargaon sure thank you may allah bless you said the principal

26. what is the time by your watch he said its half past nine i replied i want to go to college

27. he said would you accompany me please no i am sorry i said

28. what is your programme after the examination asked salam kamal said ive not yet decided can you suggest any let us go on a picnic said salam what an excellent idea I shall certainly join you said kamal

29. fahim said to me have you finished reading the book i gave you yesterday yes have finished reading the book

30. how is your mother nabila said m rina she is well thank you nabila replied i am very glad to hear that she is in good health said mrs. rina

31. how can you do the work in two days nobody agrees to do it less than four i said to the boy i am confident i shall finish it as I have told you he replied

32. nasreen have you done your english lesson today asked the teacher yes sir i have done it but i havent understood some grammatical points replied nasreen where is the problem said the teacher let us try again

33. a fruit seller said which fruit do you want to buy i have apples from australia oranges from darjeeling grapes from Kashmir the customer said what fruits of our country do you have the fruit selller said i have coconut guava and jackfruit the customer said give one kg of guava as it will be the substitution of australian apples

34. i have got gpa 5 in the ssc examination said kamal congratulations what do you intend to do now asked hasan i want to study in a reputed college i will try to get myself admitted into dhaka college said kamal

35. why you are putting up the food in your pocket sir asked the noble man i am doing the right thing my dress deserves the rich dishes replied sheikh saadi please tell me clearly what you mean to say said the noble man

36. my sons listen to me a great treasure lies hidden in the land i am going to leave it to you howll we find it said the sons you must dig the land for it said the old man

36. have you completed your assignment said rumana no I havent completed yet replied farah but you must submit it timely said rumana i worked on it for several hours yesterday replied farah

37. i said the passer- by what are you seeing now i am seeing the people running here and there he said how happy they are may god help them let me enjoy this i said

38. the teacher said to the student have you prepared your lesson today no sir replied the student the teacher said why i was suffering from headache i shall do my work tomorrow replied the student

39. have you ever been to coxs bazar asked shabab no i have never gone there replied labib but I desire for visiting the place i had an opportunity to visit the sea beach last year said shabab let us go there this week

40. i came to bogra this afternoon i sent you a massage before starting from home roka said did you receive it in time she asked no i did not receive i replied

41. the man said to the manager may i come in sir yes come in what do you want said the manager I want to open a bank account in your bank said the man can you tell me the process of opening a savings account

42. the traveller said can you tell me the way to the nearest inn yes said the peasant do you want one in which you can spend the night no replaid the traveler i only want a meal

43. i saw john in the park the other day said mike oh did you said mary how is he doing he has a new job he has flexible working hours, so he has lots more free time said mike well good for him said mary do you know what he wants to do with his free time no i meant to ask him that said mike

44. dhaka the capital of our country has been remarked as a mega city side by side it has also been remarked as the most polluted city of the world the population of dhaka city is on ever increase no one knows when it will stop rather instead of decreasing the population of the city is increasing very rapidly day by day the question arises who are responsible for this the answer is not very far to seek but cannot be told because the destroyers should have been the protectors

45. suvra mukherjee born in narail of bangladesh in 1940 was admitted to the army research indian president pranab mukherjees wife suvra mukherjee passed away yesterday she was and Referral hospital in delhi cantonment on august 7 with respiratory complaints it is informed with deep sorrow that first lady smt suvra mukherjee passed away this morning she left for her heavenly abode at 10:51 am said an official statement of rashtrapati bhavan the presidential palace yesterday

46. perhaps you dont always need to use commas periods colons etc to make sentences clear when i am in a hurry tired cold lazy or angry i sometimes leave out punctuation marks grammar is stupid i can write without it and dont need it my uncle harry once said he was not very clever and i never understood a word he wrote to me i think III learn some punctuation not too much enough to write to uncle harry he needs some help

47. mina have you done your english lesson today asked the teacher yes sir she replied but i havent understood one grammatical point come to my room ill help you said the teacher thank you sir she smilingly said

48. coming back to their Manhattan residence as Jane felt tired and exhausted she fell flat on her little couch throwing some of her garments off to the carpet soon she was lost in deep sleep on the sly all her friends and cousins gathered and arranged a surprise party to wish her on the eve of her 19th the last of the teenage birthday

49. one night while walking down the streets Kamal noticed a postbox from where a sound was coming. Being curious about it when he reached there he found that there was a child behind

50. he was crying helplessly this touched him greatly he took the child in his arms and the cry stopped he was wondering what he should do he thought that he should return it to his parents but as he did not know where the parents were he took it to the nearest police station

51. whats your dream do you have any dream asked zayed yes indeed said robi my dream isa plate full of rice big pieces of chicken and sweets zayed and his friends were surprised is that all come on. Im going to make your dream come true robi couldnt believe his ears was he making fun of me playing a cruel trick robi thought

52. mr pronay larma the physical teacher of rooppur high school is talking about health to his students what things are necessary for good health he asks the students we need a lot of things teacher says rushad we need healthy food proper rest and sleep we also have to be clean and tidy good says mr larma these are the things you need for good health but another thing that you also need is regular physical exercise

53. ive got gpa 5 in the hsc examination said arifa congratulation i said what do you intend to do now i want to study medicine arifa replied iII try to get admission to a government medical college excellent i wish your all success i said thanks said arifa

54. mr mizan professor of english lives in dhaka as he is honest sincere diligent and amiable everybody loves and respect him he is very favourite to his students one day he said to us dear students you should be patriotic and committed to your duties and responsibilities you should work for the motherland from your respective position

55. the principal said so you think honesty is the best policy dear boys the students replied yes sir we think do learn to be honest from boyhood because boyhood is the prime period of cultivating any good virtue said the principal thank you sir said the students may allah grant you long life said the principal to the students

56. he said i can chop some wood today i said but i have a boy coming from the orphanage i am the boy but you are small size doesn’t matter chopping wood he said some of the big boys do not chop wood well I ve been chopping wood at the orphanage for a long time

57. dhaka the capital of bangladesh has been remarked as mega city side by side it has also been remarked as the most polluted city of the world the population of dhaka city is on ever increase no one knows when it will stop rather instead of decreasing the population of the city is increasing very rapidly day by day the question arises who are responsible for this the answer is not very far to seek but cannot be told because the destroyers should have been the protectors

58. the high and the low the rich and poor the wise and the foolish the sinner and the virtuous all must die death is a must there is no way to escape from death where there is life there is death it is unfortunate that sometimes we forget we are mortal different worldly attractions make us forget our transient existence on earth

59. Lina : Guys were going for a picnic.
Lamia : Oh sounds great.
Lina : So get prepared and just make sure all of you are quite okay on the day.
Pial : What’ll we have for breakfast on the day? Sandwich or burger
Lina : I think that sandwiches will do.
Ria : Will Mila join us?
Lina: Well she is a little busy. Anyway she’ll join us.

60. Teacher : Majed why are you late today?
Majed : I came on foot. I have an injury in my leg.
Teacher : Yesterday also you came late to English class.
Majed : I came with my father in bike we were held up in traffic jam.
Teacher : How many marks did you score in English I paper.
Majed : I scored 60%.
Teacher : In English II paper
Majed : I scored 48% only.
Teacher : Then you are clearless in learning grammar.
Majed : I shall try to improve Sir.

61. Kamal : Ive lost my watch. Have you seen it anywhere
Nirob : No, but if I find it Ill tell you.
Kamal : Its a gift from my father. It’s been so important for me!
Nirob : When did you lose it
Kamal : Most probably during the off-period.
Nirob : Does it have a leather strap?
Kamal : Oh, yes Have you seen it?
Nirob : I haven’t seen it, but I heard Karim saying something about a watch with a leather strap.
Kamal : Whats his room number?
Nirob : Most probably 203. Go to the first floor of the main hostel. It’s on the right side of the stairs.
Kamal : Thank you so much, dear
Nirob : Youre welcome.
Kamal : Best of luck.

62. A : Whats solar energy?
B : Its one of the renewable energy sources.
A : Why is it called green energy.
B : Well its green energy because it helps us keep the earth green I mean it doesnt emit
any pollutant in the atmosphere when we produce and use it.
A : I see then it must be a clean source of energy.
B : Exactly. And thats why its also called clean energy.

63. Della : Jim darling Don’t look at me that way.
Jim : Youve cut off your hair
Della : Cut it off and sold it
Jim : I can’t believe it
Della : Don’t you like me just as well, anyhow I’m me without my hair, aren’t I?
Jim : You say your hair is gone
Della : You needn’t look for it. it’s sold. I tell you-sold and gone, too.
Jim : Are you sane
Della : Jim, be good to me, for it went for you. Maybe the hairs of my head were numbered, but nobody could ever count my love for you.
Jim : I know it darling
Della : My hair grows so fast, Jim

64. Customer : Do you have something to drink
Waiter : Hot or cold sir
Customer : Give me something hot
Waiter : What would you like to have sir? Tea coffee milk or hot chocolate
Customer : Hot chocolate sounds interesting. Bring a cup of hot chocolate.
Waiter : Anything else sir
Customer : No thanks.

65. Toma : You’re really fit Paul. Do you exercise very much?
Mamun : Well I almost always get up early and I lift weight for an hour.
Toma : You’re kidding
Mamun : No. And then go swimming.
Toma : Wow how often do you exercise like that?
Mamun : About five times a week. What about you?
Toma : Oh I hardly ever exercise. I usually just watch TV in my free time. Often my mom says marie darling, dont be a potato couch.
Mamun : You’re really fit Paul. Do you exercise very much?

66. Kamal : Ive lost my watch. Have you seen it anywhere
Nirob : No, but if I find it Ill tell you.
Kamal : Its a gift from my father. It’s been so important for me!
Nirob : When did you lose it
Kamal : Most probably during the off-period.
Nirob : Does it have a leather strap?
Kamal : Oh, yes Have you seen it?
Nirob : I havent seen it, but I heard Karim saying something about a watch with a leather strap.
Kamal : Whats his room number?
Nirob : Most probably 203. Go to the first floor of the main hostel. It’s on the right side of the stairs.
Kamal : Thank you so much, dear
Nirob : Youre welcome

67. Mother : When does your exam start dear
Son : 8.30 A.M But I have to reach the exam hall at 8.
Mother : Okay have your breakfast you haven’t brushed your teeth yet.
Son : Mom, where is my brush I can’t find it.
Mother : Its in the cupboard. There are ceramics in the cupboard too Be careful.

68. Karim : What are you doing Samira
Samira : Im reading a letter.
Karim : Letter From whom
Samira : Its from my pen-friend. Shes Australian. Her name is Lucy Brown.
Karim : How old is she?
Samira : Sixteen the same as us. She lives in Sydney.
Karim : Sydney? Whats that
Samira : It’s a city in the south-east of Australia.
Karim : How do you know about it?
Samira : Lucy has sent me a picture of it.
Karim : Can you show me the picture?
Samira : Yes here it is. You see, it looks very beautiful, doesn’t it?
Karim : Oh, yes

69. Tourist : How old is the edifice.
Guide : Its a 15th century edifice madame.
Tourist : How beautiful.
Guide : It was built by Emperor Akbar. He also lived here for some years.
Tourist : Oh! I see.
Guide : Madam we should move now. The sun is about to set it would be dark.
Tourist : is this place not safe.
Guide : It is. But the security does not allow anybody after the sunset.

70. Shefad : Good morning sir.
Headmaster : Good morning. Tell me how I can help you.
Shefad : Sir, I need a T.C. now.
Headmaster : T.C. but why?
Shefad : My father is a govt. employee. Recently, he has been transferred from Dhaka to Comilla.
Headmaster : Has he shifted the family to Comilla?
Shefad : Yes, sir.
Headmaster : Do you have any relative in Dhaka?
Shefad : No sir.
Headmaster : You are really in problem. Have you brought the application?
Shefad : Yes, sir. Here it is
Headmaster : Is your payment up to date? Do you have the library clearance?
Shefad : Yes, sir, Everything is OK. The copy of the transfer order is also with the application
Headmaster : I am granting your prayer Go to office assistant He will do everything needful.

71. Rahat :  Hi Fahad. What are you doing this evening.

Fahad :  Im not sure. Why?

Rahat :  Lets go to the cinema.

Fahad :  Sorry I went to see Bihongo yesterday. Id like to do something else.

Rahat :  Lets go to see a different film this evening.

Fahad :  Well i usually go only about once in two or three months.

Rahat :  Oh you are getting old and boring man.

72. Kamal : Ive lost my watch. Have you seen it anywhere

Jamal : No, but if I find it Ill tell you.Kamal : It’s a gift from my father. It’s been so important for me!

Jamal : When did you lose it

Kamal : Most probably during the off-period.

Jamal : Does it have a leather strap?

Kamal : Oh, yes Have you seen it?

Jamal : I havent seen it, but I heard Karim saying something about a watch with a leather strap.

Kamal : Whats his room number?

Jamal : Most probably 230. Go to the first floor of the main hostel. It’s on the right side of the stairs.

Kamal : Thank you so much, dear

Jamal : Youre welcome.

Kamal : Best of luck.

73. Teacher : Amin do you know how to operate a computer

Amin : Sir I am learning.

Teacher : When did you start training

Amin : Only two days back Sir.

Teacher : Be confident Don’t be shy. Can you see the programme

Amin : Yes, Sir, It is well planned.

Teacher : There is your friend Hasan Look at him.

Amin : He is also having training under Mr. Rakib only from yesterday.

Teacher : How much time will you take

Amin : I will take only 30 minutes Sir.

Teacher : Our Principal will go round all the computer classes today.

Amin : Yes, Sir, We are happy to meet him.

74. Interviewer: So why should we employ you?

Interviewee: I’m young energetic enthusiastic and hardworking moreover I can take pressure.

Interviewer: Well, your academic qualification is not so good.

Interviewee: Is academic qualification everything sir

Interviewer: Anyway, why did you leave your previous job.

Interviewee: The salary was poor compared to what I had to do.

Interviewer: So, what is your demand for this job?

Interviewee: Whatever you think is the for me.

75. Customer : Do you have something to drink

Waiter : Hot or cold Sir

Customer : Give me something hot

Waiter : What would you like to have, Sir?Tea coffee milk or hot chocolate?

Customer : Hot chocolate sounds interesting. Bring a cup of hot chocolate.

Waiter : Anything else Sir

Customer : No thanks.

76. Aman : How are you

Amy : I am fine what about you

Aman : I am also well what are you reading in the newspaper

Amy : I am reading a report on Eve teasing

Aman : What is it

Amy : Its a present social problem

Aman : Thank you

Amy : Welcome

77. Patient : Good evening, doctor.

Doctor : Good evening. Come and sit here please.

Patient : Thank You, doctor.

Doctor : Now, whats your problem.

Patient : I’ve been suffering from an acute pain of a tooth for three days.

Doctor : Have you taken any medicine.

Patient : I’ve taken some painkillers.

Doctor : You’re wrong. You have a bad tooth And you need to remove it.

Patient : Please, do whatever you think necessary, doctor.

Doctor : First I shall push you an injection. You’ll have to wait for a few minutes. Then I shall extract your bad tooth. You’ll feel no pain at all.

Patient : Is it doctor? Then do it immediately. I can bear it no longer.

Doctor : OK, let me do it.

78. Father : Hurrah my son is coming first.

Mother : Ok let him finish the race because anything may happen at any moment.

Father : What do you mean my son’s mother? He will be certainly first in this event I assume.

Mother : Remember the case of the last year he just fell down before touching the finishing point we had to take him to hospital.

Father : You are always pessimistic I see. Please try to be optimist. If there is no optimism the life becomes meaningless.

Mother : Well I will never show any pessimism henceforth.

79. Tania : Could you tell me what you are doing after the exams Moloy

Moloy : I have a plan of going on a holiday trip at Cox’s Bazar

Tania : Cox’s Bazar Really Could you tell me who you are going with?

Moloy : With my parents. Would you tell me about your plan after exams?

Tania : No we have no certain plan We may go to our village home at Lalmanirhat

Moloy : Its a nice plan. Thank you Bye.

80. Afroja : Excuse me Where is the nearest hospital

Proggya : Its at least 5 Kilometers away from here You will have to hire a taxi You can also go by bus.

Afroja : I see Is there a bus station near here

Proggya : Yes there is a bus stop at the corner.

Afroja : Thank you.

Proggya : Youre welcome

81. Raju : Hey What’s up long time no see

Nabil : Howre you it’s been long since we met. Good to see you.

Raju : I’m fine. Where do you live now

Nabil : At Lalmatia in Dhaka.

Raju : Really! I also live in Dhaka now

Nabil : Where in Dhaka

Raju : Dhanmondi do you know this place?

Nabil : Yes I do.

82. Mitali : Hello, Afroja Can you tell me the greatest social malady of Bangladesh today?

Afroja : Of course it is nothing but the dowry system.

Mitali : Right youreAfroja : Even the act has failed to check the nasty practice.

Mitali : How shameful Actually brides are sold like cattle, Love dignity and respect  everything stands farcical in our society.

Afroja : We feel sorry when we see parents of the brides selling everything to get their daughter married.

Mitali : Whats more is that young brides have to commit suicide when the torture becomes inhuman.

Afroja : Will there be no end to this practice

Mitali : Proper education and employment of women can change the scenario.

Afroja : Its too far. Lets be optimists.

Synonym and Antonym

Synonym and Antonym

What is Synonyms and antonyms?

Synonyms and antonyms of any language not only enrich the language but also accelerate its natural flow. By the use of synonyms one can avoid the boring repetition of any word or expression. Synonyms and antonyms can also enhance one’s vocabulary knowledge of a language.

Synonyms: Synonyms are those words or expressions that have the same meaning or nearly the same meaning in the same language. For example – liberty, liberation, freedom, independence and emancipation are all synonyms of each other.

Antonyms: Antonyms are those words or expressions that have the opposite meaning. For example – the antonym of ‘independence’ is ‘dependence’.

Word

Synonyms

Antonyms

Outer

exterior, external, 

outside, outward

inner, interior, central,

inside, inward, internal

Proletarian

poor/needy

eminent, illustrious, 

notable, prominent

Launch

propulsion, inaugurate,

initiate, introduce, pioneer,

end, finish, halt, 

stop, terminate

Prepare

ready, prep

 stop, halt

Began

 

finished

Faultless

 

faulty

Nausea

sickness/vomiting

 

Discomfort

comfort

 

Maintain

keep/manage

 

Later

 

earlier

Dynamic

 

Static

Plan

 

Aimlessness

Aim

Goal

 

Direction

Aim/goal/target

 

Profession

Career/occupation

 

Suit

 

Misadjust/mismatch

Aptitude

 

Apathy/averseness

Vary

 

Differ

Educate

Teach

 

Citizen

 

Non-citizen/non-native

Virtue

quality

 

A lot

Much/huge

 

Courteous

Discourteous

 

Discourtesy

Impoliteness

 

Win

 

Lose

Enemy

Foe

 

Ensure

Confirm/assure

 

Anger

 

satisfaction

Remove

Eliminate/abolish

 

Cordiality

 

Unfriendliness/insincerity/

heartlessness

Different

Dissimilar/unlike

 

Seek

search/aim/try

 

Eager

 

Uneager

Observation

Experience

 

Mere

 

Ample/ huge

Alert

Attentive/ aware

 

Latent

 

Overt/ apparent

Instructor

Teacher/advisor

 

Guide

 

Misguide/mislead

Way

Course/path/mode

 

Fascinating

 

Unattractive/boring

Interest

 

Curiosity/enthusiasm

Impatient

 

Patient

Immoral

Unethical

 

Contain

Possess/ consist

 

Illogical

 

Logical

Indifferent

Careless/inattentive

 

Perfect

 

Imperfect

Instructive

Educative/informative

 

Ethical

 

Unethical/immoral

Good looking

Beautiful/attractive/

pretty/charming

 

Dark

Black

 

Flawless

Perfect/spotless

 

Shiny

 

Dull/dark

Slender

 

Fat/bulky

Graceful

Beautiful/fine

 

Stylish

 

Unfashionable

Appreciate

 

Depreciate

Notice

 

Neglect

Ambition

Desire/ Goal/dream

 

Require

Need

 

Proficiency

 

Inefficiency/incompetence

Wonder

Surprise

 

Tested

Assessed/checked

 

Equally

 

Unequally

Disappointing

Frustrating

 

Presumably

 

Certainly/ surely/ obviously

Qualify

 

Disqualify

Obviously

 

Uncertainly/probably

Wrong

incorrect

 

Ideal

Model/ perfect

 

Master

Genius

 

Make

 

Destroy/ruin/spoil

Method

Way/ process

 

Convincing

 

Unconvincing

Praise

 

Criticize

Mistake

Error/fault

 

Angry

 

Pleased/satisfied

Simple

 

Critical/complex

Moral

Ethical

 

Unique

 

Common/general

Mighty

 

Weak/ powerless

Humanity

Humankind/mankind

 

Reliable

 

unreliable

Valuable

 

Valueless

Ritual

Custom/tradition/

ceremony/practice

 

Worthless

Useless/valueless

 

Loneliness

Isolation/singleness

 

Ailment

sickness

 

Happiness

 

Unhappiness/sorrow/sadness

Popular

 

Unpopular/ notorious/

infamous/

Form

Type/ kind

 

Entertainment

Amusement/ recreation

 

Organize

arrange

 

Sponsor

Patronize/donate

 

Multinational

 

national

Pay

 

Receive/take/accept

Watch

Enjoy/see/view

 

Maximum

 

minimum

Recognition

 

Denial/ignorance/refusal

People

Men/public/

persons/folk

 

Conservative

 

Liberal/modern/

open-minded/ generous

Early

 

Late/delayed

Believe

 

Trust/rely

World

Earth/globe

 

All

 

nothing

Poverty

 

richness

Sufferings

hardship/troubles

/miseries

 

Overcome

win/succeed

 

Same

 

Opposite/different/various

Obviously

clearly/certainly/surely

 

Prestige

honour/fame/dignity

 

National

Local/domestic

 

Unique

 

Common/ ordinary/ general

Native

 

Foreign

Variety

diversity

 

Emerge

 

Disappear / vanish

Control

 

uncontrol

Important

significant

 

Intelligibility

 

unintelligibility/Obscurity/

ambiguity

Success

 

Failure

Job

Work/service/

employment

 

Great

 

Common/ignoble/ordinary

Because

since/as

 

Know

learn/realize/

understand

 

Follow

 

Disobey/ neglect/ violate

Rule

Principle/law/order

 

Never

 

always

Victory

Triumph/win/success

 

Desirable

 

Undesirable/unwanted/unexpected

Liberation

Freedom/liberty/

independence

 

Brutal

 

kind

Massacre

Genocide

 

Human

 

Inhuman

Located

 

dislocated

Called

Named/ termed

 

Surrounded

Encircled/ occupied

 

Started

 

Ended/finished/completed

Killed

murdered

 

Largest

 

Smallest

Fertile

Productive

 

Industrious

 

Lazy

Ceaselessly

Continuously

 

Lazy

Idle

 

Love

 

Hate

Strong

powerful

 

Moving

 

Stagnant/ still/ static

Respect

honour

 

Grateful

 

Ungrateful

Devotion

dedication

 

Perplexing

 

Pleasing

Upsetting

 

Encouraging

Imperialism

Colonialism

 

Evil

 

Good

Sooner

 

later

Chucked

resigned

 

Better

 

worse

Theoretically

Impractically

 

Secretly

Privately

 

Oppressor

Suppressor/ torturer

 

Accepted

 

Unaccepted/ Rejected

Sincerity

 

insincerity

Responsibility

duty

 

Complexity

 

simplicity

Envy

 

love

Vice

Sin

virtue

Impact

effect/ influence

 

Outcome

result

 

Importance

significance/ necessity

 

Awareness

consciousness

 

Never

 

always

Weaker

 

stronger

Discourage

 

encourage

Frustrating

disappointing

 

Interest

eagerness/curiosity

 

Ability

capability

 

Dream

vision/aim

 

Best

 

worst

Success

 

failure

Achieve

attain/gain

 

Friend

 

foe/enemy

Need

 

Ignore/avoid

Sympathy

pity/kindness/love

 

Prove

justify/ show

 

False

 

true

Harm

 

help/assist/benefit

Laugh

 

cry

Pleasure

happiness/joy

 

Bring

fetch/carry/collect

 

Idea

concept/notion/thought

 

Allow

permit

 

Freedom

independence/

liberation

 

Opinion

view

 

Fair

 

unfair/ugly

Equal

 

unequal/discriminatory

Division

 

unity

Elect

select

 

System

method

 

Treatment

cure

 

Facility

advantage

 

Good

 

bad

Speaker

orator/lecturer/narrator

 

Recitation

narration/pronunciation

 

Impossible

 

possible

Lazy

 

industrious/ active

Sincerity

honesty

 

Seriousness

importance

 

Possible

 

impossible

Intention

will/purpose/desire

 

Shine

prosper

 

Precious

 

valueless

Glitter

shining

 

Attract

fascinate

 

Outward

 

inward

Recognize

know

 

Fascinate

attract

 

Glamour

 

unattractiveness

Shine

 

fade/ darken

Intrinsic

inherent/ inborn

 

Morality

 

immorality

Consist

comprise

 

Narrow

 

broad/wide

Include

 

exclude

Aquatic

watery

 

Successful

prosperous

 

Broad

 

narrow

Habitat

home

 

Inconspicuous

unnoticeable

 

Certain

 

uncertain

Employed

used/ applied

 

Curse

 

blessing

Cause

 reason

 

Ignorance

 

knowledge/ literacy

Frustrates

hampers/discourages

 

Development

advancement

 

Succeed

prosper/ progress

 

Eradicated

 

uneradicated

Vast

 

small

Undoubtedly

certainly

 

Gigantic

 

tiny

Group

 

individual/separate

Dynamic

 

inactive/lethargic

Enthusiasm

eagerness/earnestness

 

Grow

 

compress/shrink

Real

 

artificial/fake

Banquet

dinner/feast

 

Entered

 

exited/came out

Decorated

adorned/embellished

 

Gazed

stared/looked

 

Center

midpoint/core

 

Abandon

abdicate, leave, quit,

desert, discard

chase, follow, undertake,

accept

Accumulate

assemble, gather, collect,

store, hoard, congregate,

rally

disperse, scatter,

spread, dissipate, distribute

Adverse

antagonistic, unfavourable,

critical, hostile, negative,

unkind, censorious

favourable, propitious,

appropriate, advantageous,

congenial

Alarming

frightful, terrible, fearful,

 ominous

hopeful, bright, auspicious

Animosity

enmity, hostility,

antagonism, aversion,

antipathy, acrimony, grudge, Resentment,

vindictiveness

amity, love, friendliness,

sympathy,cordiality

good will, sweetness,

Annihilate

destroy, suppress, cancel,

extinguish

establish, support, promote, make,

build, produce, found

Apparent

clear, visible, obvious, evident, manifest

hidden, obscure, secret, covert,

 latent

Arrogance

haughtiness, pride, conceit,

egotism

modesty, politeness, humanity

Auspicious

favourable, suitable,

propitious, happy,

fortunate, opportune,

good, promising

unfavourable, inauspicious,

hopeless, unhappy, unlucky

Bankrupt

insolvent, destitute,

indigent, ruined

rich, well-off, solvent, prosperous

Barren

infertile, unproductive,

sterile, bleak

fertile, productive

Beneficial

useful, helpful, valuable,

positive

useless, harmful, detrimental

Benevolent

generous, kind, merciful,

charitable, gracious

cruel, unkind, inhuman,

malicious, selfish

Bonafide

genuine, real, sincere,

authentic, legitimate,

actual, true, valid, legal

bogus, false, inauthentic,

 counterfeit

Boring

dull, uninteresting,

tedious, troublesome, monotonous, dreary, lackluster, Tiresome

interesting, enjoyable, amusing,

pleasant, delightful

Brevity

shortness, conciseness,

pithiness, terseness,

succinctness, concision

lengthiness, verbosity,

grandiloquence

Buoyant

floating, hopeful,

cheerful, lively, vivacious,

afloat, lighthearted, upbeat, Optimistic

depressed, cheerless,

moody,

joyless

Candid

frank, open, sincere,

straightforward, outspoken,

honest, sincere, truthful

reserved, insincere, enigmatic,

mysterious

Capricious

changeful, whimsical,

fanciful, freakish,

inconsistent, flexible

firm, rigid, constant, inflexible

Compulsory

obligatory, mandatory,

coercive

optional, voluntary, charitable

Complacent

pleased, satisfied, content, happy, smug, content

dissatisfied, unhappy,

discontented, anxious

Conducive

effective, productive, good,

useful, promotive,

beneficial, contributive

repugnant, preventive,

counteractive, destructive,

bad, injurious, harmful

Conspicious

distinguished, manifest,

visible, prominent,

famous, noticeable,

observable

obscure, invisible, inconspicuous

Cordial

warm, earnest, sincere, hearty,

loving, genial, affable,

friendly, amiable, Jovial

cold, insincere, distant, formal,

unfriendly, ceremonious

Decrease

abate, lower, curtail,

lessen, diminish, reduce,

wane, decline, cut, dwindle, Shrink

expand, increase, grow, extend,

enlarge, amplify, augment

Deliberate

intentional, willful,

planned, conscious,

purposeful, premeditated

unintentional, inadvertent,

unwilling, unwitting

Desirable

acceptable, proper, suitable,

advisable

objectionable, undesirable,

 improper, evil, unadvisable

Destroy

annihilate, ruin, obliterate,

demolish, undo, subvert,

overthrow, devastate

build, construct, create,

repair, make

Diligent

active, industrious,

hardworking, assiduous, attentive

indolent, lazy, idle, inactive

Direct

straight, quick, immediate,

prompt, instant, right away

indirect, slow, belated

Disperse

scatter, spread, disband,

diffuse, break up, dispel, dissipate

gather, assemble, collect,

meet, accumulate

Dreadful

fearful, terrible, horrible,

frightful, awful, alarming,

monstrous, shocking

pleasing, pleasant, delightful,

charming, hopeful, encouraging

Elegant

polished, refined, graceful,

decent, handsome, grand,

luxurious

coarse, rude, inelegant,

ungraceful,

simple, vulgar

Encourage

incite, stimulate, urge, impel,

inspire

prevent, discourage, dissuade,

deter, dishearten

Enthusiasm

zeal, passion, eagerness, interest, keenness,

fervour, zest

contempt, indifference,

callousness, coldness, repugnance

Ephemeral

fugitive, momentary,

transient, temporary,

fleeting, evanescent,

mortal

permanent, eternal, perpetual,

immortal, perennial

Fascinate

charm, attract, captivate, enthrall, affect, mesmerize, absorb

bore, irritate, disturb, disgust

Fatal

mortal, deadly, destructive, dangerous, calamitous, harmful, serious, grave

harmless, wholesale, notorious, constructive, beneficial

Feeble

faint, weak, vain, frail,

scanty, forceless, nerveless

strong, robust, active,

vigorous, muscular

Fertile

productive, prolific, fecund,

conducive

barren, sterile, ineffective,

unproductive, fruitless, infertile

Flexible

plaint, supple, elastic,

changeable, ductile, lithe,

bendy, bendable

hard, rigid, inflexible, tough,

inelastic

Frivolous

silly, trivial, petty,

worthless, trifling

serious, grave, earnest, important

Gallant

bold, brave, courageous, valiant, heroic, fearless, chivalrous

cowardly, timid, churlish, fearful

Generous

liberal, lavish, kind, 

cordial, magnanimous,

open-hearted, bountiful

mean, niggardly, miserly,

churlish, selfish, closefisted

Gorgeous

pompous, grand,

magnificent, splendid,

superb, costly

cheap, simple, colourless,

threadbare, dingy

Gratify

please, satisfy,

gladden, reward

displease, disappoint, dishearten, dissatisfy, sadden

Guess

suppose, conjecture,

surmise, imagine,

infer, predict

examine, prove, investigate,

deduce, establish

Handsome

beautiful, lovely,

pretty, graceful,

elegant, comely

ugly, ill-looking, unattractive,

unpleasant, horrible

Haphazard

chaotic, confusing,

disorderly, unsystematic, unmethodical

organized, systematic,

planned, methodical

Hazard

peril, risk, danger,

jeopardy

safety, security, protection,

certainty

Hinder

retard, debar, block, 

embarrass, prevent,

impede, thwart,  interrupt,

stop, Obstruct

enable, promote, expedite,

facilitate, accelerate

Hypocrisy

affectation, deception,

pretension, falsification,

duplicity

honesty, sincerity, integrity,

uprightness

Ignoble

mean, base, detestable,

shameful, dishonourable

exalted, lofty, grand, eminent,

illustrious, brilliant, notable

Impediment

block, hindrance, obstacle, obstruction

support, succour, aid, help,

assistance

Inclement

severe, rough, harsh, cruel, rigorous, awful, tyrannical

genial, mild, clement, merciful,

benign

Indifference

coolness, carelessness,

apathy, callousness, insensibility

eagerness, interest, affection,

ardour, zeal, enthusiasm

Indulgent

tolerant, complaint,

tender, affectionate

severe, harsh, rough, cruel,

intolerant

Jealous

envious, covetous,

suspicious, wary,

grudging, resentful

unenvious, satisfied, liberal

Judicious

thoughtful, sagacious, expedient, prudent,

sensible, discreet, wise 

indiscreet, unwise, silly, rash,

foolish, inexpedient, imprudent

Juvenile

young, youthful, childish, boyish, girlish, immature, adolescent

senile, mature, manly, womanly,

adult, aged

Kindly

warmly, cordially,

gently, generously,

politely, patiently, sympathetically

cruelly, impolitely, harshly,

rudely, mercilessly

Knowledgeable

educated, learned,

experienced, intelligent, scholarly

ignorant, uneducated, unaware,

foolish, stupid, inexperienced

Laconic

curt, terse, epigrammatic, reticent

wordy, eloquent,

circumlocutory

Languid

spiritless, exhausted,

flagging, pining, drooping

active, strong, healthy,

robust, vigorous

Lengthen

prolong, extend, expand, increase, continue, stretch

curtail, shorten, reduce,

decrease, belittle, abbreviate

Liberal

copious, bountiful, catholic, bounteous, progressive, moderate, generous

conservative, traditional,

narrow-minded, bigoted, mean, 

Ludicrious

funny, ridiculous, farcical, comic, comical, laughable

tragic, serious, grave, sad,

doleful, mournful, somber

Mediocre

average, commonplace, medium, ordinary,

second-rate, middling

distinctive, exceptional,

extraordinary, brilliant,

excellent, superior

Miserable

wretched, despicable, abject, forlorn, pitiable, worthless, sad, intolerable

happy, worthy, comfortable,

respectable, delightful,

pleasant

Modesty

humility, purity, bashfulness, politeness, diffidence, sobriety

vanity, conceit, effrontery, shamelessness, wantonness

Musty

stale, outdated, obsolete, fetid, rank, fusty, mildewed

balmy, fresh, odorous,

fragrant, aromatic

Naughty

bad, wicked, disobedient, mischievous, roguish

ambiguous, cloudy, hazy,

imprecise, indistinct, misty,

obscure, vague

Nervous

shaky, jumpy, timid,

anxious, hesitant

good, mild, polite, obedient, well-behaved

Nebulous

clear, certain, precise,

distinct, bright

brave, courageous, bold,

confident, valiant, calm, cool

Nominal

so-called, symbolic, titular, trivial, insignificant

actual, genuine, real,

important, essential,

substantial

Object

oppose, disapprove, argue, complain, protest, refuse

accept, approve, agree

Objectionable

unpleasant, unacceptable, offensive, obnoxious, disagreeable, detestable, Despicable

pleasant, acceptable,

agreeable, welcome

Oblivious

ignorant, negligent,

unaware, careless,

heedless, unconscious

aware, conscious, observant,

mindful

Obscene

bawdy, coarse, indecent,

filthy, foul, gross, lewd, licentious, offensive

clean, decent, decorous,

wholesome, pure

Obsolete

old, ancient, out-dated, outmoded, outworn, old-fashioned

current, new, modern,

up-to-date, contemporary

Pacify

calm down, soothe, appease, tranquilise, mollify, placate

excite, irritate, rouse,

exasperate, agitate, provoke

Pastime

diversion, sport, recreation, entertainment, amusement

work, labour, business,

occupation, profession

Perilous

dangerous, hazardous,

risky, unsafe, horrible,

terrible, fearful

secure, safe, sound, certain,

comfortable

Permit

approve, let, allow,

authorize, encourage,

content, sanction

disallow, stop, prevent,

check, forbid, prohibit

Perverse

wick, mean, untoward, stubborn, immoral,  unmanageable, Intractable, vicious, bad, wayward

docile, ductile, amenable,

governable, manageable,

complacent

Precious

costly, valuable, dear, expensive, priceless, prized

cheap, worthless, inexpensive,

valueless, ordinary, base

Qualified

competent, suitable, eligible, capable, efficient,

experienced, able, proficient, Talented

unqualified, unable,

inexperienced, incapable,

incompetent, unskilled

Queer

strange, abnormal, odd, eccentric, curious, crazy, unnatural, peculiar

common, ordinary, usual,

natural, familiar,

customary, normal

Quite

wholly, truly, altogether, entirely, totally, completely, perfectly, fairly

barely, hardly, partially, scarcely

Rapid

swift, speedy, fast, prompt, hasty

slow, lazy, tardy, sluggish,

leisurely, belated

Rebuke

chide, reprove, censure, reprimand, scold, admonish, reproach

praise, commend, admire,

encourage, applaud,

appreciate, eulogise

Reduce

lessen, diminish, decrease, curtail, shorten, contract, weaken

increase, expand, enlarge,

lengthen, extend, augment

Relish

taste, appetite, zest, gusto, flavour

disrelish, disflavour,

nauseousness, insipidity

Remedy

redress, relief, cure,

solution, treatment,

antidote, reparation

malady, disease, sickness,

 infection, illness

Repeal

abolish, cancel, annul,

revoke, abrogate,

rescind, discontinue

sanction, enact, continue,

establish, pass, confirm

Rustic

awkward, boorish,

clumsy, pastoral,

uncouth, uncultured,

rough, rural

polished, refined, cultured,

sophisticated, urban

Sacred

holy, heavenly, religious,

divine, blessed, solemn,

devout, godly

mundane, profane, irreligious,

secular, ungodly, temporal,

unholy

Satisfy

gratify, please, fulfill,

gladden, amuse, meet

fail, disappoint, displease, dissatisfy

Shabby

ragged, beggarly,

threadbare, dirty, paltry

smart, tidy, neat, clean,

fashionable

Solitary

lonely, isolated, secluded, deserted, uninhabited

populous, social, inhabited,

well-frequented

Tactful

careful, diplomatic, discreet, politic, skilful, prudent

careless, rude, tactless, impolitic, imprudent

Tangible

actual,definite, manifest, evident, concrete, positive, substantial, Material, real

intangible, abstract,

indefinite, untouchable

unreal, negative,

Terminate

cease, close, complete,

conclude, finish,

wind up, stop

begin, start, commence,

initiate

Unanimous

common, concerted, harmonious, joint,

united

discordant, divided,

disunited, split

Vacate

leave, quit, abandon,

withdraw, desert, evacuate

occupy, capture, enter,

fill, take

Weaken

dilute, impair, paralyse, debilitate, enfeeble

empower, confirm,

strengthen, invigorate

Zenith

acme, climax, height, peak, summit, top, vertex

nadir, bottom, depth,

lowest point

Antagonistic

Productive, Bountiful, Rich,

 

Audacity

Aggressive, Hostile,

Unfriendly, Intimidate

 

Indispensable

Important, Crucial, Vital, Necessary, Essential

 

Released

Free, Unrestricted, Open

Unconfined, Liberated

 

Fascinated

Enthralled, Captivated, Mesmerized, Rapt

 

Feasible

Realistic, Practical,

Reasonable, Convenient

 

Hygienic

Clean, Sterile, Germ-free, Sanitary

 

Amiable

Sociable, Friendly, Cordial, Kind

 

Eradicate

Eliminate, Destroy, Exterminate, Remove

 

Favourable

ympathetic, Constructive, Caring, Compassionate

 

Dulcet

Sweet, Melodious, Pleasant, Pleasurable, lovely

 

Honest

Truthful, Frank,

Candid, Open,

Sincere, Direct

 

Notorious

Infamous, Dishonourable, Wicked

 

Deliberate

Purposeful, Determined,

Firm, Dogged

 

Believable

 

Unbelievable, Amazing,

Incredible

Prudent

 

Reckless, Wild,

Careless, Hasty

Lethargic

 

Energetic, Active,

Vigorous, Bouncing

Immortality

 

Mortality, Death, Transience

Beneficial

 

Harmful, Damaging, Hurtful,

Dangerous

Pleased

 

Displeased, Discontented,

Unhappy, Unsatisfied

Peaceful

 

Violent, Brutal, Cruel, Vicious

Reticent

 

Talkative, Garrulous, Chatty,

Spendthrift

 

Calculative, Careful, Cautious

Infidel

 

Unfaithful, Traitorous, Disloyal

Aggravate

 

Develop, Extend,

Enlarge, Expand

Tentative

 

Exact, Sure

Filthy

 

Clean, Clear

Flattery

 

Insult, Abuse, Offense

Superficial

 

Interior, Inherent

Shabby

 

Clean, Fresh, Spotless

Serene

 

Bustling, Lively

Reticent

 

Talkative, Chatty, Garrolous

Relinquish

 

Join, Link, Unite

Refute

 

Prove, Establish, Verify,

Confirm

Omnipotent

 

Powerless, Helpless, Weak,

Incapable

Sanguine

 

Doubtful, Uncertain, Hesitate

Eradicate

 

Establish, Construct

Alleviate

 

Aggravate, Worsen

Deceptive

 

Honest, Frank, Candid

Peril

 

Safety, Security, Protection

Antipathy

 

Friendship, fellow feeling

Pacify

 

Antagonize, Irritate

Strange

Odd, weird, eccentric,

uncanny, peculiar

 

 Reveal

Disclose, Make public,

Expose, Make

known, Divulge

 

Momentous

Significant, Important,

Vital, Crucial, Meaningful

 

Durability

Stability, Strength,

Resilience, Permanence, Sturdiness

 

Unkempt

 

Clean, Fresh

Terseness

 

length, Span, Duration

Deteriorate

 

Improve, Recover, progress

Catastrophe

Disaster, Calamity,

Misfortune, Ruin,

Devastation, Tragedy

 

Diffuse

Distribute, Circulate,

Spread, Scatter, Disperse

 

Scarcity

Shortage, Lack, Dearth, Deficiency, Famine

 

Enduring

Stable, Lasting, Endure, Durable

 

Liberal

Open-minded,

Broad-minded,

Tolerant, Moderate, Freethinking,

Noninterventionist

 

Awkward

Uncomfortable, Discomfited, Embarrassed, ill at ease

 

Talkative

Garrulous, Loquacious, Chatty, Fluent, Glib

 

Clandestine

Secret, Underground, Concealed, Covert, Stealthy

 

Lucrative

Productive, Profitable, Rewarding, Worthwhile, Beneficial

 

Delicate

Fragile, Frail, Weak, Flimsy, Subtle, Insubstantial

 

Vigilant

Watchful, Cautious, Attentive, Alert, Heedful, Observant

 

Vulgar

Rude, Offensive, Crude, Naughty, Bad

 

Unanimous

Common, Agreed, Undisputed, Undivided

 

Artificial

 

Natural

Asleep

 

Awake

Advisable

Recommendable

 

Add

 

Reduce

Appear

seem

 

Allow

Permit

disallow

     
     
     

Read the passage and then write the antonym or synonym of the words as directed below. 

1. Spring is certainly the best season of the year. Most of the people are fond of this season. It is the favourite season of poets too. It is called the queen of seasons. Spring comes after the winter season. It begins from the middle of February and last till the middle of April. As the spring season sets in, the earth looks lovely and charming. The trees put forth new leaves. Nature looks charming. Many kinds of beautiful flowers bloom during this season.

(a) certainly (antonym); (b) season (synonym); (c) favourite (synonym); (d) come (antonym); (e) begin (synonym); (f) lasts (synonym); (g) lovely (antonym); (h) new (antonym); (i) look (synonym); (j) beautiful (antonym).

2.  Shahan is an affluent man now. Through hard work and devotion, he has managed to turn the wheels of fortune. He was an unemployed youth of an impoverished family. Through new knowledge, hard work and perseverance, he has brought prosperity to his family. Shahan first received training in vegetable cultivation. Then he got a lease of land in his village and applied his new and improved knowledge to cultivating vegetables. He earned taka 25,000 as profit that year. In the same way he bought some land and used it entirely to cultivate cauliflowers. He has also been raising hybrid cows for milk as well as to produce manure. Shahan’s lot has changed radically. He is now very happy to be a self-sufficient man.

(a) affluent (antonym); (b) manage (antonym); (c) turn (synonym); (d) fortune (synonym); (e) impoverish (antonym); (f) cultivate (synonym); (g) sufficient (synonym); (h) raise (synonym); (i) radically (antonym); (j) improve (antonym).

3.  Mrs. Alim loves to gossip. She lives in an apartment block. There are five more families in the building. She has an experienced cook, so she does not have to do any cooking. Almost everyday around eleven o’clock she goes to visit one of her neighbors in the other apartments mostly to gossip. Most of the housewives she visits do not have much house-help and they use this time to cook, clean or do other households. But Mrs. Alim does not seem to be bothered. She does not mind discussing the personal matters of one family with other.

(a) love (antonym); (b) live (synonym); (c) experienced (synonym); (d) visit (synonym); (e) gossip (synonym); (f) use (antonym); (g) clean (antonym); (h) households (synonym); (i) bothered (synonym); (j) personal (antonym).

4.  A library serves as the best source of knowledge both for the students and the teachers. It is a large collection of books. Among these there are books on courses that are taught in different classes. There are books on extracurricular subjects also. In the library newspapers and periodicals are also found. The library caters to the tastes of different people. Books are arranged in shelves in a definite order. There are library assistants who are also helpful for the readers. One head librarian looks after the library. So the readers do not have any problem in taking out the right book. There is also a reading room where silence prevails. One can also take books from the library for reading at home by submitting one’s library card to the librarian.

(a) source (synonym) (b) collection (synonym) (c) extracurricular ) (antonym) (d) arrange(synonym)  (e) definite (synonym (f) assistant (antonym) (g) problem (synonym) (synonym) (h) right (antonym) (i) silence (j) submit  (antonym)

5.  It is very natural that man loves his life most of all things and he wants to live or survive a bit longer at any cost. However, every year thousands of people commit suicide in Bangladesh. It is seen that most of the people committing suicide are those married women who depend on their husbands for their living. But why do they commit suicide when people love their lives most? Most probably, they decide to kill themselves because they feel entirely helpless and meaningless to live. The bitterness and sufferings of life become totally unbearable. However, the incident of suicide among the self-reliant women is very rare.

(a) natural (synonym); (b) love (antonym); (c) survive (synonym); (d) commit (synonym); (e) woman (synonym); (f) depend (synonym); (g) living (synonym); (h) entirely (synonym); (i) meaningless (antonym); (j) rare (antonym). 

6. The National Memorial is a symbol of the nation’s respect for the martyrs of the War of Liberation. It is located at Savar, Dhaka. Its foundation was laid on the first anniversary of the Victory Day in 1972. The entire complex covers an area of 126 acres. It will include a mosque, a library and a museum. The museum will preserve the relics of the Liberation War. There is a series of 7 towers that rise by stages to a height of 150 feet. These seven towers represent the seven heroes who made supreme sacrifice in the Liberation War. The height of the towers stands for the high sacrifice of every martyr. There are several graves of the martyrs close to the tower. Standing before the graves we bow down our heads in respect of their sacrifice.  

(a) liberation (synonym); (b) foundation (synonym); (c) entire (antonym); (d) cover (antonym); (e) include (antonym); (f) rise (antonym); (g) represent (synonym); (h) supreme (synonym); (i) before (antonym); (j) respect (antonym)

7.  Einstein was very simple in his ways of life. He was indifferent to his fame. Once the queen of Belgium invited him to Brussels. When he got down from the train, he could not think that there were actually many gorgeously dressed officials to receive him at the station. The officials also expected somebody who would appear to be rich and aristocratic to them. They never imagined that this shabby man would be Einstein.

(a) simple (synonym); (b) indifferent (synonym); (c) fame (antonym); (d) actually (synonym); (e) gorgeously (synonym); (f) receive (synonym); (g) expected (antonym); (h) rich (synonym); (i) aristocratic (synonym); (j) shabby (synonym).

8.  The effects of greenhouse effect are too many to be described. Its effects is very devastating and destructive. It effect is a dangerous threat to human existence and to animal and plant lives. Climatologists predict that by midway through this century temperature may have risen by as much as 4C. This could seriously reduce mankind’s ability to grow food, destroy or serverely damage wildlife and wilderness, raise sea levels and thereby flood coastal areas and farmland. Bangladesh is very much vulnerable to frequent natural disasters. Annual visitations of cyclones and floods are routine but nonetheless sudden and fatal in their wild rage. The yearly damages they leave behind are enormous. However, our people are accustomed to cyclones and floods. But another creeping disaster is gather in fury is the greenhouse effect for which the people are not prepared at all and the state appears to be taking no notice. It is the danger of rising sea level from the greenhouse effect.

(a) described (synonym); (b) destructive (antonym); (c) dangerous (antonym); (d) reduce (antonym); (e) vulnerable (antonym); (f) disasters (antonym); (g) damages (synonym); (h) enormous (synonym); (i) accustomed (synonym); (j) appear (antonym).

9.  Zahir Raihan was one of the most talented film makers in Bangladesh. He was born on 19 August 1935 in the village Majupur, in Feni district. He was an active worker of the Language Movement. He was one of the ten students to go out in a procession on 21 February 1952 despite a ban on such activities. As a result, he and many other were arrested and taken to prison. Zahir was also present at the historical meeting of Amtala on February 21, 1953. He also took pat in the mass movement in 1969. In 1971, he joined the Liberation War. All through his life, Zahir dreamt for a democratic society that will ensure freedom of speech and will. He had many dreams about our film industry too. He made a legendary film Jibon Theke Neya based on the Language Movement of 1952. It was a revolt against the then autocratic government.

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(a) active (antonym); (b) many (antonym); (c) present (antonym); (d) mass (synonym); (e) join (antonym); (f) liberation (synonym); (g) democratic (antonym); (h) speech (antonym); (i) against (antonym); (j) autocratic (antonym).

10.  Globalisaion is now dependent on technology. The electronic transformation of information has quickened banking and financial activities. Some products like software and TV programmes are also amenable to digital or electronic transmission. Today we can buy and sell goods through the electronic screen. Last of all, computer has brought about a revolutionary change.

Now write synonyms or antonyms as directed and make sentences with them: 

(a) dependent (antonym); (b) quicker (synonym); (c) amenable (synonym); (d) buy (antonym); (e) revolutionary (synonym).

11.  Ismail Hossain is an affluent man now. Through hard work and devotion, he has managed to turn the wheels of fortune. He was an unemployed youth of an impoverished family from Ekdala village in Natore Sadar thana. Through new knowledge, hard work and perseverance, he has brought prosperity to his family. Ismail Hossain studies up to class eight. Poverty then forces him to look for work. He receives the training programme of the Natore Horticulture Center. He seems to be an enthusiastic youth. Ismail cultivated many flowers. He earns a lot of money by selling flowers in the local market. Thus Ismail Hossain was able to change life and became happy.

(a) affluent (synonym); (b) fortune (antonym); (c) unemployed (antonym); (d) knowledge (synonym); (e) look for (synonym); (f) receive (synonym); (g) enthusiastic (synonym); (h) earn (synonym); (i) able (synonym); (j) happy (antonym).

12. An earthquake is a catastrophe. Every year it kills innumerable people in many countries. In Bangladesh a major earthquake may occur at any moment. So our experts are alarmed by the repetition of the minor earthquakes. The our country lies in the active earthquake zone is known to us.

(a) catastrophe (synonym); (b) kill (antonym); (c) innumerable (synonym); (d) major (antonym); (e) occur (synonym); (f) expert (synonym); (g) alarm (antonym); (h) repetition (synonym); (i) active (antonym); (j) known (antonym).

13.  Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh. Located (a) (syn) on the Buriganga river in the heart of the Bengal Delta. Dhaka has an estimated (b) (syn) population of (more) (c) (ant) than 15 million people. It is the (largest) (d) (syn) city in Bangladesh and one of the (biggest) (e) (ant) cities of the world. Dhaka is one of the (major) (f) (ant) cities of South Asia. It is (known) (g) (syn) as the city of Mosques. The city is also (described) (h) (syn) as the rickshaw capital of the world. Dhaka is also one of the world’s most densely populated cities. The (old) (i) (ant) city of Dhaka was the Mughal capital of Bengal in the 17th century. It was named in (honour) (j) (ant) of emperor Shajahan.

14.  Facebook is a very popular social networking site of all time. The popularity of facebook has increased drastically. Within 6 years of its launch, facebook reached one billion users milestone. Nowadays it has become a very important part of life. Actually, it is a social networking website that was originally designed for college students, but is now open to anyone with 13 years of age or older. Facebook users can create and customize their own profiles with photos, videos and other information about themselves. Facebook is an effective way of finding old friends and connecting to new ones.

(a) popular (antonym), (b) drastically (antonym), (c) launch (synonym), (d) very (synonym), (e) social (synonym), (f) originally (synonym), (g) open (antonym), (h) create (antonym), (i) customize (synonym), (j) effective (antonym).

15.  Napoleon, the king of France, was a great hero. He won many battles and conquered many countries of Europe. One day he was walking along the seashore. Suddenly he noticed a wonderful thing. An English boy was making a small boat. They boy was immediately brought before him. The king asked him why he was making such a tiny boat. The boy said confidently, “I shall cross the sea. My country is on the other side of the sea. I shall go to my country by this boat. I didn’t see my mother for a good long time.” The king was charmed by the words of the small boy. He made all arrangements to send him to his country.

(a) hero (synonym); (b) battle (synonym); (c) many (antonym); (d) along (antonym); (e) shore (synonym); (f) wonderful (antonym); (g) tiny (antonym); (h) confidently (antonym); (i) arrangements (synonym); (j) country (synonym)

16.  Beauty is easy to appreciate but difficult to define. As we look around, we discover beauty in pleasurable objects and sights in nature, in the laughter of children, in the kindness of strangers. But asked to define, we run into difficulties. Does beauty have an independent objective identity? Is it universal, or is it dependent on our sense perceptions? Does it lie in the eye of the beholder? —— we ask ourselves. A further difficulty arises when beauty manifests itself not only by its presence, but by its absence as well, as when we are repulsed by ugliness and desire beauty. But then ugliness has as much a place in our lives as beauty, or may be more as when there is widespread hunger and injustice in a society. Philosophers have told us that beauty is an important part of life, but isn’t ugliness a part of life too?

(a) beauty (antonym); (b) appreciate (antonym); (c) discover (synonym); (d) pleasure (synonym); (e) stranger (antonym); (f) universal (antonym); (g) perception (synonym); (h) beholder (synonym); (i) manifest (antonym); (j) repulse (synonym).

17.  “It will be better than for me to try to send him things. I could so easily duplicate-skates, for instance.” She blinked her honest spinster’s eyes. “There’s not much use for skates here,” she said. Her stupidity annoyed me. “What I mean,” I said. “Is that I don’t want to duplicate the things his mother sends him. I might have chosen skates if I didn’t know she had already given them to him.” She stared at me. “I don’t understand,” she said. He has no mother. He has no skates.”

(a) try (synonym); (b) duplicate (synonym); (c) instance (synonym); (d) blinked (synonym); (e) stupidity (antonym); (f) annoyed (antonym); (g) mean (synonym); (h) send (synonym); (i)understand (synonym); (j) no (antonym).

18.  A country mouse lived in a field of barley. He made a nest and hung it, upon two stalks of  barley. The nest was very small and very light. The country mouse ate barley and the roots of other plants. A mouse from the town came to see the country mouse. The town mouse was very quick and clever. His home was in a big house in the town. The country mouse gave the town mouse dinner in the barley field. He brought out the very best barley and roots for the meal. But the town mouse did not enjoy his dinner. “My poor friend,” he said, “in town we have much nicer food than this. You must come to see where I live. I shall give you all sorts of good things to eat.” The town mouse returned to his home taking the country mouse with him. They went to a big house.

(a) lived (synonym); (b) made (antonym); (c) small (synonym); (d) light (antonym); (e) see (synonym); (f) clever (antonym); (g) gave (synonym); (h) enjoy (antonym); (i) returned (synonym); (j) taking (antonym).

19.  Morality is the best virtue of mankind at any individual, social and global level. Heavenly qualities like love, affection, respect etc. are developed from morality. Human activities with a sense of morality are always free from social ills and vices. But, nowadays, severe moral degradation is destroying the peaceful and meaningful existence of human beings. For the lack of morality, we can never have a truthful, honest and durable democratic, socio-economic, administrative and judicial institution. Creating awareness is the easiest way to develop the moral sense among people. Motivation and encouragement always bring positive results.Therefore, arranging seminars, symposia at different levels of society will help moral uplifting. So, we must try to create awareness at family and social levels to develop our moral sense.

(a) morality (antonym); (b) heavenly (antonym); (c) developed (synonym); (d) vice (antonym); (e) peaceful (antonym); (f) existence (synonym); (g) durable (antonym); (h) encouragement (synonym); (i) uplifting (synonym); (j) awareness (synonym).

20. Over the past several decades, technology has become a fixture in many homes around the world, and its influence has permeated into all facets of our lives, including educational settings. This phenomenon has been hailed by many as the wave of the future in which language instruction will be driven by new advances in computers, the Internet, and mobile technologies. However, how we go about integrating technology into our classrooms can have a huge impact on whether a technologically-driven classroom succeeds or fails, even with lowtech solutions. So, where lies the praise or blame for the success or failure of technology? Will a Utopian view of pedagogically-sound teaching prevail in our classrooms, or will teachers soon abandon high-tech gadgets and return more to traditional materials? Because the use of the Internet has become so widespread, this article will focus attention on that medium, starting with some historical perspective on computers and then suggest a few practical ideas to improving successful integration of the Internet and language teaching.

(a) permeated (synonym); (b) integrate (antonym); (c) praise (antonym); (d) abandon (synonym); (e) perspective (synonym).

21.  In August 25, 2014 the issue of The Daily Star, there were articles about two places which are far apart. But both were chilling reminders that global warming is not just a theory. It is already here and having devastating effect. In the back page, the article “Polar ice shrinking rapidly” states that the two largest ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica, are melting and getting reduced in size at an astounding 120 cubic miles each year, clearly contributing to rising oceans. The other reports that tidal surges at the full moon in June and July of this year were much higher than usual and flooded 13 villages situated near rivers that are directly connected to the Bay of Bengal saline water.

(a) far (antonym); (b) reminder (synonym); (c) devastating (synonym); (d) effect (synonym); (e) back (antonym); (f) rapidly (antonym); (g) reduce (antonym); (h) astounding (synonym); (i) rising (antonym); (j) usual (antonym).

22.  Liberty does not (a) descend upon a people. People must (b) raise themselves to it. It is a fruit that must be earned before it can be (c) enjoyed. That freedom means only freedom from (d) foreign (e) domination is an outworn idea. It is not (f) merely the government that should be free but people themselves should be (g) free. And freedom has any (h) real (i) value for the common man unless it also means freedom from (j) want, disease or ignorance. 

(a) descend (antonym); (b) raise (antonym); (c) enjoyed (antonym); (d) foreign (synonym); (e) domination (synonym); (f) merely (synonym); (g) free(antonym); (h) real (synonym); (i) value (synonym); (j) want (synonym).

23.  Time and tide wait for none. No one can call it back. A man gets back his lost money and health but cannot get back his lost time. Time once lost is lost forever. So, we should make the best use of time. We should do our duties properly. If we put off our work for tomorrow, we may not get an opportunity to do it at all. There are some people who idle away time for nothing. They cannot prosper in life. They have to suffer for it. So, we should take an oath that we must do our duty properly and in time.

(a) tide (antonym); (b) wait (synonym); (c) call (synonym); (d) back (synonym); (e) lose (synonym); (f) use (synonym); (g) duty (synonym); (h) opportunity (synonym); (i) suffer (antonym); (j) oath (synonym).

24. walking in the morning regularly is an excellent habit. It is most advisable physical exercise for both young and old. In the morning nature appears at her best. Everything remains quiet and impressive. Environment with all other things becomes calm and serene. Morning walkers cannot but be impressed with it. It keeps their mind fresh and jolly. It also sets their temper for the rest of the day.
(a) morning (antonym); (b) pleasant (synonym); (c) excellent (antonym); (d) physical (antonym); (e) appear (antonym); (f) quiet (synonym); (g) serene (synonym); (h) impressed (antonym); (i) fresh (synonym); (j) temper (synonym).

25. In our society economic value of women’s work and their contribution is mostly
unrecognized. Usually, it is taken as voluntary work. So, the financial cost of running a
home which is almost always done by women is not monetized. This is most dramatically revealed in rural areas. Research has proved that if women’s work is monetized, then the GDP makes a significant jump and so does the worth of women’s work and their contribution to the economy.
(a) contribution (synonym) (b) unrecognized (antonym) (c) usually (synonym) (d) voluntary (synonym) (e) cost (synonym) (f) revealed (antonym) (g) rural (antonym) (h) monetized (antonym) (i) significant (synonym) (j) worth (antonym)

26. Gender discrimination in Bangladesh begins at birth. Most parents want to have children so that they can, when they are older, supplement their family income or help with the domestic work. In the existing socio-economic set-up, male children are best suited to that purpose. So girls are born to an unwelcome world. However, they are assigned rather confined to, domestic chores. Some of these girls may be at school. But all their work domestic or academic-stops as soon as they are married off, which is the prime concern of the parents about their daughters. This body and mind of the girls children and women in a family. They are given to understand that they should keep the best food available for the male members in the family, that they should eat less than the male members, that they should not raise their voice when they speak, that they should not go out of their house without permission from, and without being escorted by the male member. All these shape the girls, thinking about life and the world, and go to establish their relationships with the male members in the family.
(a) discrimination (antonym); (b) supplement (antonym); (c) domestic (synonym); (d) purpose (synonym); (e) permission (antonym); (f) confined (antonym); (g) existing
(antonym); (h) assign (synonym); (i) treatment (synonym); (j) escort (synonym).

27. Democracy is the system of government which allows freedom of speech, religious and political opinion. It means fair and equal treatment for the citizens without social class division. In fact, in a democratic country people elect their representatives who work for the people. Free and fair election is the pre condition for democracy. In a democratic country, people enjoy the rights of food, cloth, education, shelter, medical treatment and other facilities.
(a) allow (synonym); (b) freedom (synonym); (c) opinion (synonym); (d) fair (antonym); (e) equal (antonym); (f) division (antonym); (g) elect (antonym); (h) enjoy (antonym); (i) treatment (synonym); (j) facility (synonym).

28. The word ‘hygiene’ means the practice of keeping ourselves clean. It also means to keep our home and work places clean. It is important for our good health. Hygiene is thought to be text to godliness. It is because we cannot achieve anything physically, mentally or spiritually if we are unclean in our body, mind and soul. Nobody likes an unclean person either. So we must follow the rules of hygiene.
(a) practice (synonym); (b) clean (antonym); (c) home (synonym); (d) important (antonym); (e) godliness (antonym); (f) achieve (synonym); (g) soul (synonym); (h) like (antonym); (i) follow (antonym); (j) hygiene (synonym).

29. The technology that links people to the internet will go to advance. We will move beyond conventional computer operating methods using key-boards and touch screen panel would be no longer needed. They are likely to be replaced by technologies that allow us to interact with the cyberspace in a more natural manner. Wire able devices are one small step on the path to a hyper connected world. In fact, the concept of wire able computers has existed for more than 30 years.
(a) link (synonym); (b) need (synonym); (c) conventional (synonym); (d) methods (synonym); (e) longer (antonym); (f) allow (antonym); (g) interact (synonym); (h) natural (antonym); (i) connected (antonym); (j) concept (synonym).

30. An ideal teacher knows the art of teaching. He is the master of his subject. He makes his lessons interesting. His method of teaching is convincing and inspiring. He praises the good work done by them. If a student does some mistake, he is never harsh to him and never angry with him. He believes in simple living and high thinking. He never sets a wrong example before his students. He has high moral values.
(a) ideal (synonym); (b) master (synonym); (c) make (antonym); (d) method (synonym); (e) convincing (antonym); (f) praise (antonym); (g) mistake (synonym); (h) angry (antonym); (i) simple (antonym); (j) moral (synonym).

31. Rony is a 10 year old boy. He is the only son to his parents. His father is a busy business man and he could hardly spend time with his son. Rony’s father would reach after he sleeps and move out before he wakes up or will sleep until he leaves for school. Hardly, his father would accompany him of join with family. Just like any other boy, Rony wanted to go outdoors with his father and have fun. One day, Rony was surprised to see his father at home in the evening. “Dad, it is a big surprise to see you at home.” Rony said. “Yes, son my meeting was cancelled and my next fight is delayed by 2 hours. So, I’m at home”, his father replied.
(a) busy (antonym) (b) hardly (antonym) (c) reach (synonym) (d) leave (antonym) (e) accompany (antonym) (f) outdoors (synonym) (g) fun (antonym) (h) surprise (synonym) (i) delayed (synonym) (j) replied (synonym).

32. My feet failed to find a suitable crevice and I fell. My hands burned red as I slid down the rough rope, and the coarse strip of leather wrapped around my waist, bit in hand. At the top of the cliff face, at the gateway to the Debra Damo Monastery, an Ethiopian Priest sat with his legs jammed up against either side of the rock-hewn entrance ; wrapped around his muscular arms was the other end of the leather strap that had kept me from crashing down below. Further up still, in the piercing blue sky above the jagged mountain, vultures circled around the 6th century stone church.
(a) fall (antonym); (b) suitable (antonym); (c) crevice (synonym); (d) rough (antonym); (e) wrap (antonym); (f) gateway (synonym); (g) entrance (antonym); (h) strap (synonym); (i) piercing (synonym); (j) jagged (synonym).

33. Nowadays fundamentalism and terrorism go hand in hand. In Christian thought,
fundamentalism is the belief that everything in the Bible is true and should form the basis of religious thought and practice. But at present the term is used in a greater sense meaning the strict following of the basic teaching of any religion. And terrorism means the use of violence to achieve some political aims. So apparently the two ideas seem different. But in modern times some fundamentalists use force or violence to achieve their aims. The religious fundamentalists believe that only their religeon is true and all should follow it strictly. They are not ready to tolerate any deviation or relaxation. So they compel the people by force to follow their dictates.
(a) Belief (antonym) (b) basis (synonym) (c) religious (antonym) (d) thought (synonym) (e) greater (antonym) (f) strict (antonym) (g) apparently (synonym) (h) tolerate (synonym) (i) deviation (antonym) (j) dictates (synonym)

34. Teaching is a noble profession. It is an ideal career for women. Teaching gives women a golden chance to take care of household works. Teaching is more difficult than any other job. A teacher not only has to take classes but also prepare students’ test and assess exam scripts after class hours. And he has to guide his learners also to choose career.
(a) teaching (antonym); (b) noble (antonym); (c) profession (synonym) ; (d) chance (synonym); (e) prepare (synonym); (f) difficult (antonym); (g) assess (synonym); (h) guide
(antonym); (i) household (synonym); (j) choose (antonym).

35. Elephants are quite amazing animals and we can find many interesting facts about elephants. One such amazing fact is given below. Elephants are extremely emotional
animas. They develop very close relationship and bond with its group. When an elephant dies in a group, all the elephants would mourn for the death of the loved ones. Also, it would be very difficult to console a mother elephant who loses a baby due to strong emotions. Losing a child elephant or missing the caretaker make them emotionally weak and may often lead to death.
(a) amazing (antonym); (b) fact (synonym); (c) develop (Synonym); (d) group (synonym); (e) mourn (synonym); (f) loved (synonym); (g) console (synonym); (h) losing (antonym); (i) caretaker (synonym); (j) often (antonym).

36. Social value underline a set principles of generally accepted norms and behaviour of a society. Our forefathers practised a good number of social values like simplicity, honesty, sincerity, responsibility, and piety. We have replaced those good aspects with complexity, dishonesty, corruption, conspiracy, faithlessness and envy. Our materialists attitude has made us self-centered and corrupted. We must get rid of these vices and create awareness among all about the negative impacts of our wrong doings. In order to make a better society, we should create awareness among people about the out-come of their misdeeds. We must have distinctive social values once practised by our forefather. We should give importance to the past moral values to bring peace and harmony in the society and make the world better for living.
(a) accepted (antonym); (b) sincerity (antonym); (c) responsibility (synonym); (d) complexity (antonym); (e) envy (antonym); (f) vice (antonym); (g) impact (synonym); (h) outcome (synonym); (i) importance (synonym); (j) awareness (synonym).

37. Once upon a time there lived a generous, kind-hearted king. He was fond of birds and animals. He had a huge bird sanctuary in his reign. He disliked harming the animals and birds and even did not kill them for the sake of eating meat. Owing to his generosity and kindness towards birds, he was gifted to beautiful falcons by his fellow businessman. Those two falcons belonged to a different place and lived in a different climatic condition. The king thanked the businessman and ordered the head of the bird trainer to provide all the facilities to those beautiful falcons and make them feel comfortable in their country. The head trainer look the birds and provided all essentials to help the birds adapt to the atmosphere. Gradually, the birds got adapt to the country’s atmosphere.
(a) kind-hearted (antonym); (b) fond (antonym); (c) sanctuary (synonym); (d) kindness (antonym); (e) different (antonym); (f) head (synonym); (g) comfortable (antonym); (h) trainer (synonym); (i) adapt (synonym); (j) atmosphere (synonym).

38. Sincerity is the root of success of all work. One can go a long way if he does a job with sincerity. The great men are sincere because they know that sincerity is the key to
success. Those who do not follow the rules of sincerity can never go a long way. Sincerity is the secret of victory. If any work is not done with sincerity, one will never receive desirable output from it. So we should be sincere in every walk of life.
(a) success (antonym); (b) job (synonym); (c) great (antonym); (d) because (synonym); (e) know (synonym); (f) follow (antonym); (g) rules (synonym); (h) never (antonym); (i) victory (synonym); (j) desirable (antonym).

39. Morning walk is not only pleasant but also beneficial to health. In fact, walking regularly in the morning is very good habit. It is the most advisable physical exercise for the aging and the old. In the morning, nature appears at her best. At that time everything remains quiet and seems impressive. The environment with birds and beasts becomes calm and serene. The people who go out for a walk in the morning cannot but be impressed by it. It helps to keep their mind jolly and jovial. It also sits their temper for the rest of the day.
(a) pleasant (antonym); (b) beneficial (antonym); (c) regularly (antonym); (d) advisable (synonym); (e) appear (synonym); (f) quiet (antonym); (g) serene (synonym); (h) impressed (synonym); (i) jovial (antonym); (j) temper (synonym).

40. Democracy is the system of government which allows freedom of speech, religious and political opinion. It means fair and equal treatment for the citizens without social class division. In fact, in a democratic country people elect their representatives who work for the people. Free and fair election is the pre-condition for democracy. In a democratic country people enjoy and rights of food, cloth, shelter, education, medical treatment and other facilities.
(a) allow (synonym) (b) freedom (synonym) (c) opinion (synonym) (d) fair (antonym) (e) equal (antonym) (f) division (antonym) (g) elect (antonym) (h) enjoy (antonym) (i) treatment (synonym) (j) facility (synonym)

41. Another field in which Pasteur worked as a scientist was the study of disease germs. The germs of certain diseases are bacteria, but other diseases are caused by viruses, which are too small to be seen with the hind of microscope that was in use in Pasteur’s time. Pasteur studied a number of animal diseases. One of these was anthrax, a disease that can also affect men. At that time, anthrax killed many sheep and cattle in France, Pasteur discovered how to grow anthrax bacteria that were much less powerful than those found in diseased animals. He showed by experiment that if animals were inoculated with the weakened bacteria and then infected with powerful bacteria, they would not die.
(a) field (synonym) (b) certain (antonym) (c) small (synonym) (d) studied (synonym) (e) killed (antonym) (f) discovered (antonym) (g) found (synonym) (h) experiment (synonym) (i) powerful (antonym) (j) die (synonym).

42. When Shapla heard about those risks,  she invited her husband to discuss pregnancy with a counselor. After hearing about the risks, her husband agreed to delay having children for five years despite pressures from his parents and neighbours to produce an offspring. Together, the couple met with a female healthcare provider who informed them about the various family planning options available. Shapla’s mother-in-law and neighbours continued to pressurize the newly-weds. Deeply rooted cultural practices and traditions caused a rift between Shapla and Rafique and their extended family, some of whose members insulted and criticized the couple. Unable to convince their close relatives of the risks, Shapla and Rafique returned to the counselor.

(a) agree (antonym); (b) delay (synonym); (c) produce (antonym); (d) rift (synonym); (e) available (antonym); (f) extended (synonym); (g) continued (antonym); (h) insulted (antonym); (i) convince (antonym); (j) risks (antonym).

43. Sincerity is the root of success of all work. One can go a long way if one does a job with sincerity. The great men are sincere because they know that sincerity is the key to success. Those who do not follow the rules of sincerity can never go a long way; sincerity is the secret of victory. If any work is not done with sincerity, one will never receive desirable output from it. So, one should be sincere in every walk of life.

success (antonym); (b) job (synonym); (c) great (antonym); (d) receive (synonym); (e) know (synonym); (f) follow (antonym); (g) rule (synonym); (h) never (antonym); (i) victory (synonym); (j) output (synonym).

44. Books are men’s best friends in life. You may have many good friends, but you do not find them when you need them. They may not always come to you with sympathy. Some may prove true or some may prove false and do you much harm. But books are always ready to be your side. Some books will make you laugh. Some others will give you much pleasure. Again, some books will bring new knowledge and ideas. They are your ever friends throughout your life.

(a) friend (antonym); (b) need (antonym); (c) sympathy (synonym); (d) prove (synonym); (e) false (antonym); (f) harm (antonym); (g) laugh (antonym); (h) pleasure (synonym); (i) bring (synonym); (j) idea (synonym).

45. He is optimistic of his success. He works hard and abides by his teachers’ guidelines. He understands that it is important to be diligent. He does not rely on anyone and believes that honesty and hard work can help one reach the peak of success. He harbours the faith that a labourious man is sure to shine.

optimistic (antonym); (b) hard (synonym); (c) abide (antonym); (d) understand (synonym); (e) important (antonym); (f) diligent (synonym); (g) rely (synonym); (h) honesty (antonym); (i) help (synonym); (j) shine (antonym).

46. Jitu and Jony were best friends. They fought for many reasons but never gave up their friendship. They went in search of a job and visited many places to earn more money. They passed through various places, villages, towns, forests, beaches and were supporting each other all the way throughout their journey. One day they reached a desert and they had a very little food and water. Jitu told Jony to eat half the quantity of food and then got very tired and felt like they could not make a step. Jitu said that they could eat another half and saved water for later use. However, Jony disagreed. He wanted to drink water as he was very thirsty. They quarreled each other to have water. Jitu slapped Jony and they walked in silence. They decided to have food and continue their journey. Jony wrote in sand, “My best friend slapped me!”

(a) best (antonym); (b) friendship (antonym); (c) search (synonym); (d) support (antonym); (e) reach (synonym); (f) little (antonym); (g) tired (antonym); (h) disagreed (synonym); (i) continue (synonym); (j) slap (synonym).

47. A thing can’t become as precious as gold only by way of glittering. People, in general, are charmed and attracted by outward show of things and not by their own merits. Gold is a bright precious metal and its value is recognized by all. Nevertheless, there are many metals cheaper than gold but look like it. They glitter for some time and fade in course of time. They fascinate our eyes too. But their beauty and glamour don’t last long. But gold is such a metal that it can stand the wear and tear of time. It shines till the last moment of its existence. In our society, there are so many people who are outwardly very gentle and nice. But after a time being, their real identity is revealed. They don’t have their instinct value and morality.

precious (antonym); (b) glitter (synonym); (c) outward (antonym); (d) attract (synonym); (e) recognize (synonym); (f) glamour (antonym); (g) fascinate (synonym); (h) instinct (synonym); (i) shine (antonym); (j) morality (antonym).

48. There are many people who have a conservative outlook. Quite early in life they learn to believe that everything in this world was predetermined and all that happens to them was ordained by God. From this belief, the poor generally accept their poverty and all their sorrows and sufferings without trying much to overcome them. They also have the same sort of attitude towards illness and disease.

(a) people (synonym); (b) conservative (antonym); (c) early (antonym); (d) believe (synonym); (e) world (synonym); (f) all (synonym); (g) poverty (antonym); (h) sufferings (synonym); (i) overcome (synonym); (j) same (antonym).

49. Jatiyo Sriti Shoudho is the national monument of Bangladesh. It is the symbol of our freedom and the martyrs who sacrificed their lives for the sake of the country in 1971. The monument is located in Savar, Dhaka. It was designed by Syed Mainul Hossain. Plans for the monument were initiated in 1976. Following the site selection, road and land development, a nation-wide design competition was held in June, 1978. Following evaluation of the 57 submissions, Syed Mainul Hossain’s design was chosen. The main structure and the artificial lake and other facilities were completed in 1982. It was inaugurated at 16 December 1982.

(a) national (antonym); (b) symbol (synonym); (c) freedom (antonym); (d) monument (synonym); (e) plan (synonym); (f) competition (synonym); (g) evaluation (synonym); (h) artificial (antonym); (i) completed (antonym); (j) inaugurated (synonym).

50. Liberty does not (a) descend upon people. People must (b) raise themselves to it. It is a fruit that must be earned before it can be (c) enjoyed. That freedom means only freedom from (d) foreign (e) domination is an outworn idea. It is not (f) merely the government that should be free but people themselves should be (g) free. And freedom has any (h) real (i) value for the common man unless it also means freedom from (j) want, disease or ignorance.

(a) descend (antonym); (b) raise (antonym); (c) enjoyed (antonym); (d) foreign (synonym); (e) domination (synonym); (f) merely (synonym); (g) free (antonym); (h) real (synonym); (i) value (synonym); (j) want (synonym).

51. Modern education is somewhat different from the past. In method, it seeks to draw out and improve the mind, to make it eager and curious. It depends more on observation than mere bookish knowledge. A mind that is intellectually alert will learn from books. It develops the latent talent of any individual. Teachers play vital role in teaching the students. They aren’t just instructors. Rather, they support and guide students so that the students can succeed in their way of life.

(a) different (synonym); (b) seek (synonym); (c) eager (antonym); (d) observation (synonym); (e) mere (antonym); (f) alert (synonym); (g) latent (antonym); (h) instructor (synonym); (i) guide (antonym); (j) way (synonym).

52. Illiteracy is a curse (antonym). It is the root cause (synonym) of ignorance (antonym) which frustrates (synonym) all development (synonym) efforts of the government. No development effort can succeed (synonym) unless illiteracy is eradicated (antonym). Eradication of illiteracy in a country like Bangladesh with so vast (antonym) a population is undoubtedly (synonym) a gigantic (antonym) task.

53. There have been many significant changes in our forms of entertainment over time. Many of the older forms no longer exist today. Even if they do, people keep looking for newer forms. Thus, our traditional entertaining forms are gradually disappearing for they are losing their appeal. We know change in our foods and daily activities. So, changes are obvious in our food and clothes as well. Our sports have also experienced a noteworthy change of our taste. Football which was once the most popular spectator sports in Bangladesh is yielding place to cricket.

(a) significant (synonym); (b) forms (synonym); (c) exist (antonym); (d) traditional (antonym); (e) gradually (synonym); (f) disappearing (synonym); (g) appeal (synonym); (h) obvious (antonym); (i) noteworthy (antonym); (j) popular (antonym).

54. Illiteracy is a curse. It retards all development works of a country. It is said that an illiterate nation gropes in darkness with no definite goal. In fact, an illiterate person is conservative, superstitious and blind. He can contribute very little to his country. He is unconscious and unaware of rights and responsibilities. The whole country is responsible for this. Most of our people are illiterate and poor. In fact, illiteracy caused by poverty, stands in the way of success. All should be practical and pragmatic while addressing this problem. Effective measures should be taken by all concerned to remove illiteracy and thus make the nation enlightened.

(a) curse (antonym); (b) retard (synonym); (c) darkness (antonym); (d) conservative (antonym); (e) unconscious (synonym); (f) success (antonym); (g) pragmatic (synonym); (h) measures (synonym); (i) remove (synonym); (j) enlightened (synonym).

55. The effects of greenhouse effect are too many to be described. Its effect is very devastating and destructive. It effect is a dangerous threat to human existence and to animal and plant lives. Climatologists predict that by midway through this century temperature may have risen by as much as 4°C. This could seriously reduce mankind’s ability to grow food, destroy or severely damage wildlife and wilderness, raise sea levels and thereby flood coastal areas and farmland. Bangladesh is very much vulnerable to frequent natural disasters. Annual visitations of cyclones and floods are routine but nonetheless sudden and fatal in their wild rage. The yearly damages they leave behind are enormous. However, our people are accustomed to cyclones and floods. But another creeping disaster is gather in fury is the greenhouse effect for which the people are not prepared at all and the state appears to be taking no notice. It is the danger of rising sea level from the greenhouse effect.

(a) effect (synonym); (b) destructive (antonym); (c) dangerous (antonym); (d) reduce (antonym); (e) vulnerable (antonym); (f) disasters (antonym); (g) damages (synonym); (h) enormous (synonym); (i) accustomed (synonym); (j) appear (antonym).

56. Bangladesh is prone to natural disaster. She is affected by various natural calamities almost every year. It seems that these natural calamities are daily companions to Bangladesh. For this reason Bangladesh is called the land of natural calamities. Floods, cyclones, drought, erosion, excessive rainfall are the common natural calamities in our country. The affected people suffer in many ways. They become homeless and take shelter on house roofs, trees, boats and embankments. Their miseries continue even after the natural calamity ends.

(a) natural  (antonym); (b) various (synonym); (c) every (synonym); (d) seem (synonym); (e) calamity (synonym); (f) common (antonym); (g) suffer (synonym); (h) shelter (synonym); (i) misery (antonym); (j) end (antonym).

57. Courtesy is a virtue in a man. It goes without saying that courtesy costs us nothing but gives a lot. So, you should be courteous. You must have politeness. People will disrespect and dislike you if you are discourteous. Nobody likes discourtesy. Try to be gentle from your student life. You can win the heart of your enemy by being courteous. You can ensure removal of hatred and anger by embracing your enemy. Courtesy can remove the bitter relationship and improve mutual understanding and cordiality among people.

(a) virtue (synonym); (b) a lot (synonym); (c) courteous (antonym); (d) discourtesy (synonym); (e) win (antonym); (f) enemy (synonym); (g) ensure (synonym); (h) anger (antonym); (i) remove (synonym); (j) cordiality (antonym).

59. It is sure that world would make a tremendous progress in every field of life. Science and technology will make a tremendous progress. Machinery will take the initiative over manual labour. Mode of transportation will become very effective. Travelling will become very fast. Space travel will become very easy. But there are certain bad omens also. World population is increasing at a very fast rate. There is a very wide gap between rich and poor population of the world. Powerful nations are leading luxurious lives whereas the poor nations are starving. The position is not very much optimistic in the present century. It is very much necessary for the people and the government to control population. Effective measures should be taken for the enrichment of the poor masses so that the next century can be joyous for all.

(a) tremendous (antonym); (b) manual (antonym); (c) effective (synonym); (d) certain (synonym); (e) omens (synonym); (f) rate (synonym); (g) luxurious (antonym); (h) optimistic (antonym); (i) control (synonym); (j) enrichment (antonym).

60. Idleness never makes a man successful in life. It will be totally a foolish idea if a person thinks that success will come automatically. The story of human shows that success achieved by those who work relentlessly. Passing time in idleness brings about adversity in life. On the other hand, the industrious enjoy the harvest of prosperity in life. 

(a) idleness  (synonym), (b) totally (synonym), (c) foolish (antonym), (d) success (antonym), (e) automatically (synonym), (f) achieved (synonym), (g) relentlessly (synonym), (h) adversity  (antonym), (i) industrious (antonym), (j) harvest (synonym).       

61. It is fortunate that many buyers have been experiencing difficulties with their developer companies while buying apartments. I would like to highlight some important points which every buyer shall ensure before entering into purchase agreement with the developer, which may substantially create the impossibility of future disputes. As we know in the ordinary course of business, the developer initially gives an allotment of the apartment to the purchasers through an allotment letter upon receiving booking money. Thereafter, the developer enters into an agreement with the purchaser whereby the purchaser undertakes to make future payment as per payment schedule of the said agreement. Once the payment is done and the flat is handed over then the flat is registered in the name of the purchaser.

(a) fortunate (antonym); (b) buyer (synonym); (c) difficulties (synonym); (d) important (synonym); (e) ensure (antonym); (f) agreement (synonym); (g) impossibility (antonym); (h) ordinary (antonym); (i) receive (synonym); (j) purchaser (antonym).

62. Nelson Mandela guided South Africa from the shackles of apartheid to a multi-racial democracy as an icon of peace and reconciliation who came to embody the struggle for justice around the world. Imprisoned for nearly three decades for his fight against white minority rule, Mandela never lost his resolve to fight for his people’s emancipation. He was determined to bring down apartheid while avoiding a civil war. His prestige and charisma helped him win the support of the world.

(a) guide (synonym); (b) shackle (synonym); (c) democracy (antonym); (d) icon (synonym); (e) justice (antonym); (f) peace (antonym); (g) minority (antonym); (h) emancipation (synonym); (i) prestige (synonym); (j) charisma (synonym).

63. The National Memorial is a symbol of the nation’s respect for the martyrs of the War of Liberation. It is  located at Savar, Dhaka. Its foundation was laid on the first anniversary of the Victory Day in 1972. The entire complex covers an area of 126 acres. It will include a mosque, a library and a museum. The museum will preserve the relics of the Liberation War. There is a series of 7 towers that rise by stages to a height of 150 feet. These seven towers represent the seven heroes who made supreme sacrifice in the Liberation War. The height of the towers stands for the high sacrifice of every martyr. There are several graves of the martyrs close to the tower. Standing before the graves, we bow down our heads in respect of their sacrifice.   

(a) liberation (synonym); (b) foundation (synonym); (c) entire (antonym); (d) cover (antonym); (e) include (antonym); (f) rise (antonym); (g) represent (synonym); (h) supreme (synonym); (i) before (antonym); (j) respect (antonym).

64. Social values underline a set principles of generally accepted norms and behaviour of society. Our forefathers practiced a good number of social values like simplicity, honesty, sincerityresponsibility and piety. We have replaced those good aspects with complexity, dishonesty, corruption, conspiracy, faithlessness and envy. Our materialistic attitude has made us self-centered and corrupted. We must get rid of these vices and create awareness among all about the negative impacts of our wrongdoings. In order to make a better society, we should create awareness among people about the outcome of their misdeeds. We must have distinctive social values once practiced by our forefathers. We should give importance to the past moral values to bring peace and harmony in the society and make the world better for living.

(a)  accepted (antonym); (b) sincerity (antonym); (c) responsibility (synonym); (d) complexity (antonym); (e) envy (antonym); (f) vice (antonym); (g) impact (synonym); (h) outcome (synonym); (i) awareness (synonym); (j) importance (synonym).

65. Mobile phone is one of the wonderful inventions of modern science. Today modern science has made possible what was impossible in the past. Mobile phone has brought about a radical change in the whole span of life. It has made a new communication system. It is the most up-to-date means of communication. We can send and receive any information from any corner of the world in a few seconds sitting at home. But mobile phone is not free from demerits. It may damage our hearing power and brain.

(a) wonderful (synonym); (b) modern (antonym); (c) radical (antonym); (d) change (synonym); (e) system (synonym); (f) free (antonym); (g) demerits (synonym); (h) damage (synonym); (i) few (antonym); (j) past (antonym).

66. Rimi is a sweet, lovable and beautiful girl, aged six years. She is an adorable kid as she obeys every word of the elders. Rimi’s parents loved her for her amazing behaviour. One day her mother took her to grocery shopping. As they passed the shops, Rimi noticed a cute plastic pearl necklace in dazzling pink! She asked her mother to buy her the necklace. Her mother told her it cost a few pennies and she asked her to do some chores so that for every completed work Rimi would get some money and she could buy the pink necklace. Rimi prepared to do list and assisted her mom with all the chores. Her mom was so happy and she paid enough money to buy it. Rimi happily purchased the desired necklace and wore it just every time except while taking bath. Her mom told her that the pearls would lose their gloss if she wore it while their bathing.

(a) sweet (antonym); (b) obey (antonym); (c) amazing (synonym); (d) notice (antonym); (e) dazzling (synonym); (f) complete (synonym); (g) assist (synonym); (h) chores (synonym); (i) bath (synonym); (j) gloss (synonym).

67. Adolescents constitute a nation’s core resource for national renewal and growth. Adolescence is a period in life when transition from childhood to adulthood takes place and behaviors and lifestyles are shaped. According to WHO, adolescence is a period which shapes the future of girls and boys’ lives. There are 28 million adolescents in Bangladesh; 13.7 million of them are girls and 14.3 million boys.The situation of girls are characterized by inequality and subordination within the family and society. This inequality leads to widespread practice of child marriage, marginalization or exclusion from health, vulnerability to violence and sexual abuse.

(a) adolescent (synonym), (b) constitute (synonym), (c) childhood (antonym), (d) style (synonym), (e) transition (synonym), (f) widespread (antonym), (g) practice (antonym), (h) exclusion (antonym), (i) vulnerability (synonym), (j) violence (antonym).

68. group of employees was working in a software company. It was team of 30 employees. This was a young, energetic and dynamic team with keen enthusiasm and desire to learn and grow. The management decided to teach the employees about finding real solution to the problems. The team was called to play a game in a banquet hall. The group was quite surprised as they were called for playing game. All reached the venue holding various thoughts. As they entered the hall, the found the hall decorated beautifully with colorful decorative papers and balloons all over the place. It was more like a kid’s play area, than a corporate meeting hall. Everyone was surprised and gazed at each other. Also, there was huge box balloons placed at the center of the hall.

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(a) group (Antonym); (b) dynamic (Antonym); (c) enthusiasm (Synonym); (d) grow (Antonym); (e) real (Antonym); (f) banquet (Synonym); (g) entered (Antonym);(h) decorated (Synonym); (i) gazed (Synonym); (j) center (Synonym)

Answer: (a) group – individual/separate (b) dynamic – inactive/lethargic (c) enthusiasm – eagerness/earnestness (d) grow – compress/shrink (e) real – artificial/fake (f) banquet – dinner/feast (g) entered – exited/came out (h) decorated – adorned/embellished (i) gazed – stared/looked (j) center – midpoint/core

69. Books are the (a) unique medium through which we contact (b) mighty minds of ages. Books tell us about their feelings, what they said and what they did. Books are one of the greatest friends to us. They introduce us to the best (c) humanity. They are (d) reliable records of the history of pastmen. A book is a (e) valuable living voice. We can know about the thoughts and (f) rituals of past men through books. We should read books and avoid (g) worthless ones. A good book is a friend in (h) loneliness and nurse in (i) ailment. We can find real (j) happiness by reading good books.

(a) Unique (Antonym) (b) Mighty (Antonym) (c) Humanity (Synonym) (d) Reliable (Antonym) (e) Valuable (Antonym) (f) Rituals (Synonym) (g) Worthless (Synonym) (h) Loneliness (Synonym) (i) Ailment (Synonym) (j) Happiness (Antonym)

Answer: (a) Unique (Antonym) -common, general, simple (b) Mighty (Antonym) -weak, forceless, feeble (c) Humanity (Synonym) -mankind, manhood, humanness (d) Reliable (Antonym) -unfaithful, trustless, unreliable (e) Valuable (Antonym) -worthless, unimportant, useless (f) Rituals (Synonym) -useless, inessential, valueless (g) Worthless (Synonym) -ceremony, function, celebration (h) Loneliness (Synonym) -singleness, solitude, aloneness (i) Ailment (Synonym) -illness, sickness, malady (j) Happiness (Antonym) -sadness, unhappiness, distress

70. Citizens having good characters lead (a) virtuous lives. Their thought and behaviour show high moral values. They cannot even think of doing any (b) immoral deed. One of the most (c) positive qualities of these people is tolerance towards others. Tolerance and respect together can make life (d) harmonious and (e) peaceful in society. If a person is (f) intolerant, becomes difficult and almost (g) impossible for that person. As we want to live in (h)happiness, we must lea social norms. By obeying social norms, we can enjoy (i) heavenly pleasure. On the other hand, we will suffer a lot, if we (j) disobey these.

(a) Virtuous (Antonym) (b) Immoral (Antonym) (c) Positive (Synonym) (d) Harmonious (Antonym) (e) Peaceful (Antonym) (f) Intolerant (Synonym) (g) Impossible (Synonym)

(h) Happiness, (Antonym) (i) Heavenly (Synonym) (j) Disobey (Synonym)

Answer: (a) Virtuous (Antonym) -evil, corrupt, immoral (b) Immoral (Antonym) -moral, ethical, behaviour (c) Positive (Synonym) -optimistic, hopeful, confident (d) Harmonious (Antonym) -unfriendly, discordant, quarrelsome (e) Peaceful (Antonym) -violent, hostile, warlike (f) Intolerant (Synonym) -prejudiced, racist, dogmatic (g) Impossible (Synonym) -impracticable, unachievable (h) Happiness, (Antonym) -unhappiness, depression, distress (i) Heavenly (Synonym) -divine, holy, celestial (j) Disobey (Synonym) -defy, ignore, disregard