linkers:Link অর্থযুক্তকরা। Linker অর্থযুক্তকারী।যেসব word বা phrase word-এরসঙ্গে word, phrase এরসঙ্গে phrase এবং sentence-এরসঙ্গে sentence এরসংযোগঘটিয়েথাকে, তাকে linkers বলে।
The meaning of some common Linkers/Connectors
Above (উপরে)
Accordingly/According to (অনুসারে)
At the same time(একইসাথে)
Above all (সর্বোপরি)
Actually (আসলে)
Along with (সাথে)
After words (পরবর্তী)
After that (এরপর)
Apart from/Besides (এছাড়াও)
Always (সর্বদা)
Also (এছাড়াও)
As well as/and (এবং)
As a result (ফলস্বরূপ)
Among (মধ্যে)
At once /Suddenly (হঠাৎ)
As an illustration (বর্ধিত)
Anyway (যেকোনভাবে)
At the age (বয়সএ)
As soon as যেইমাত্র)
As if যেন)
Because/ Because of (কারন)
Basically (মূলত)
As/ Since (যেহেতু)
Both (উভয়)
But (কিন্তু)
At last/Finally/At the end(অবশেষে)
Due to/ Owing to (কারণে)
Either… or (হয় ..নয়)
Consequently (পরিশেষে)
During (সময়)
Else (অন্যথায়)
Eventually (পরিশেষে)
Even (এমনকি)
Firstly (প্রথমত)
For (জন্য)
Even if (এমনকিযদি)
Highly (অত্যন্ত)
For instance/For example(উদাহরনস্বরূপ)
Even though (যদিত্ত)
In addition to (আরও)
However/Anyhow (যাইহকনাকেন)
For a while (কিছুক্ষণেরজন্য)
In spite of/ Despite (সত্ত্বেও)
In order to (উদ্দেশ্যে)
Hence (অত:পর)
In the mean time (এইমুহূর্তে)
In the first place (প্রথমত)
If/Whether (যদি)
In this regard (এক্ষেত্রে)
In this situation (এইপরিস্থিতিতে)
In favor of(পক্ষে)
Indeed (প্রকৃতপক্ষে)
Initially (প্রাথমিকভাবে)
In short/in brief (সংক্ষেপে)
like/ Such as (যেমন)
Instead of/in lieu of (পরিবর্তে)
Next (পরবর্তী)
Neither….nor
Moreover (অধিকন্ত)
Not only (শুধুমাত্রএটাইনয়)
Notwithstanding (পরন্তু)
Never the less/none the less (তাসত্ত্বেও)
On the contrary (অপরদিকে)
Now (এখন)
Somehow (একরকম)
Once (একবার)
Of which (যা)
Sometimes (মাঝেমাঝে)
Only through (শুধুমাধ্যমে)
Or (বা)
Somewhat (কিছুটা)
Otherwise (অন্যথায়)
Rather (বরং)
Still/Yet (তথাপি)
Particularly (নির্দিষ্টভাবে)
Shortly/In short (সংক্ষেপে)
That (যা/ যে)
So (সুতরাং)
Similarly (একভাবে)
Therefore/so (সুতরাং)
Specially (বিশেষভাবে)
Simultaneously (একইসাথে)
Thus (এরূপে/এইভাবে)
That is why (এইকারণে)
So that/In order that (যাতে)
Whatever (যতসামান্য)
Though/Although (যদিও)
Specially (প্রধানত)
Till/Until (পর্যন্ত )
To conclude (থেকেসিদ্ধান্তেআসা)
That is to say (অর্থাৎ)
To speak frankly (যাওঅকপটেকথাবলতে)
Undoubtedly (নিঃসন্দেহে)
That’s why (সেজন্য)
To sum up (থেকেসিদ্ধান্তেআসা)
Unfortunately (দুর্ভাগ্যবশত)
Then (তারপর)
Very often(কদাচিৎ)
Unless (যদিনা)
Through (সাহায্যে)
Whatever (যতসামান্য)
Usually (সাধারণত)
Under (অধীন)
When (যখন)
What (কি)
Whereas (যেখানে)
While/when (যখন)
Where (যেখানে)
Who (কে)
Why (কেন)
Which (যা/ যে)
Yet (তবুও)
Without (ছাড়া)
With a view to (উদ্দেশ্যে)
In fact/Indeed (বস্তুত)
Recently/ Of late (সম্প্রতি)
Secondly (দ্বিতীয়ত)
Lest ( নতুবা/ পাছে…সেইভয়ে)
All the same ( একই )
Whoever ( যে–কেহ )
Rules on Connectors
Contrast (দুটিবিপরীতধর্মী Clause-কেযুক্তকরতে)
In spite of /despite/although/though/even though /however/nevertheless/still/yet/even so/on the contrary/in contrast to/in contrast/on the one hand/on the other hand/whereas/but/while/otherwise /lest/when
Reason and cause (কারণে/যেহেতু)
Because/because of/owing to/due to/on account of/os/since/for this reason/for that reason/due to the fact that/owing to the fact that
Purpose (উদ্দেশে, উদ্দেশ–প্রকাশকযে)
In order to/so as to/in order that/so that
Addition /Adding information (তাছাড়া/ অধিকন্তু/ আবার/আরও)
And/moreover/furthermore /in addition/besides/what’s more/as well as/as well/too/also/in addition to/again/besides/apart from/along with/together with
Exemplification/ Exemplifying (উদাহরণ)
For example/for instance/and so on/such as/like/namely/that is to say যেমন/অর্থা
First of all/firstly/to begin with/first/in the first place/initially/primarily/in the beginningSecond/Secondly/In the second place/ThenThird/ Thirdly/The next stage/After thatFinally/In short/to sum up/In conclusion/lastly/last but not least
Result /Consequence (ফল/কারণে/ ফলে/এভাবে)
As a result of/as a result/therefore/consequently/for this reason/so/that’s why/because of/this means that/that is why/thus/as a consequence/consequently/therefore/so/hence
Explain (ব্যাখ্যাকরা)
That is to say/In other words /In short/Above all/Al in all/At least/Basically/Especially/Essentially/ In general/In particular/More or less/On the whole/To a certain extent
Conclusion (অবশেষে/ সবশেষে)
Finally/in conclusion/lastly/at the end/at last/at length/lastly/at the eleventh hour/eventually/last of all
Expressing facts
Actually/as a matter of fact/in fact/really (অবশ্যই,/প্রকৃতপক্ষে/বস্তুত)
Summarising (সংক্ষেপে/ এককথায়বলতেগেলে)
All in all/in brief/in conclusion/in short/on the whole/to sum up/in summary/to summarise/in a nutshell/to conclude/in a few words/in fine/on the whole
Not only … but also (শুধুনয় … আরও.), Either … or (হয় … অথবা.), Neither … nor (এটাওনয় … ওটাওনয়.), Both … and (উভয়েই)
a. Not only Tanny but also Tania is now going to America this year. b. The boy is not only lazy but also dirty. c. Faruk not only reads novels but also plays tennis. d. Shamim works not only irregularly but also carelessly. e. Minhaj is not only a student but also a business man. f. Either I or my friend will raise the flag. g. Either he or his brothers are guilty. h. You can either study or sleep. i. Either Maliha or Samia will present the meeting. j. He is either mad or foolish. k. Neither Rana nor his sister passed. l. Neither the teachers nor the students were present. m. Neither you nor he is responsible. n. Neither the teachers nor the students missed the programme in the college. o. He neither did the work nor asked others to do this. p. Both my friend and cousin came on the occasion of my birthday. q. I took both accounting and marketing as my major courses. r. He is both honest and kind. s. Both Anik and Jotisko are intelligent. t. Both the teacher and the student were absent.
a. The man who came here yesterday is my brother. b. This is the book which is now out of print. c. I do not know what they want. d. Mr. Kalam is a businessman who works mainly with the foreigners. e. This is the boy whose pen has been lost.
a. Both the schools comprising engineers and geologists do not rule out the possibility of a major earthquake. b. He published all his writing including his autobiography. c. The newly formed committee has been declared comprising the experts in archeology. d. The family consisting of five members live in this house. e. The team consisting of 11 members won the game.
At present/at the present time/presently/now a days (বর্তমানে/আজকাল)
a. At present, the condition of the farmers is not good at all. b. At present, women contribute to the society remarkably. c. Now a days the green house effect has appeared as a great threat to our existence. d. He is waiting for me for a long time. So, I have to meet him presently. e. At the present time I have no cash in hand.
always/Usually/generally/as usual/most often/very often/frequently/sometimes/at times (সর্বদা/ সাধারণত/ প্রায়ই/ মাঝেমধ্যে)
a. I do not like him. But he comes here frequently. b. Nothing can cure him. He takes drugs frequently. c. They have defeated us this time. They cannot defeat us always. d. He is a very simple and polite man as usual. e. He usually/ always/ generally/ as usual/ most often/ very often/ often/ sometimes/ at times gets up from bed early in the morning.
After (পরে)/ Before/ prior to that (পূর্বে)
a. The students came to college after the bell had rung. b. The patient died after the doctor had come. c. After he had passed his M.A. he joined a multinational company. d. His father died after he had left the hospital. e. We reached the station after the train had left. f. The patient had died before the doctor came. g. We had reached the station before the train left. h. The sun had set before we reached home. i. Before the doctor came, the patient had died. j. The talked to us. Prior to that, they invited us.
If/In case/Had যদি. even ifএমনকিযদি/ Unlessযদিনা /Provided/Provided that/Providing that (এই সর্তে যে )
a. In case you come, I will go there. b. In case of emergency, you may call me. c. In any case, I will attend the meeting. d. If I had enough money, I would establish a college in my village. e. Unless you work hard you will not shine in life.f. You won’t be paid unless you do your duty well.
According to/ in accordance with/ accordingly (অনুসারে / অনুযায়ী), Still (এখনো)/till now/even now (এখনপর্যন্ত), Suddenly/ all on a sudden (হঠাৎ), Above all (সর্বোপরি), Unfortunately/ unluckily (দুর্ভাগ্যজনকভাবে), That (যে/যা/যেটা), As if/ as though/as it were (যেন), Once/ once upon a time/ many days ago/ long long ago/ in ancient time/ in the past (একদা/অনেকদিনআগে/অতীতে), Undoubtedly/no doubt/ surely /of course/certainly (নিঃসন্দেহে/ নিশ্চিতভাবে/ অবশ্যই)
a. According to me, Khaled is not only a good student but also a good player. b. I talked to them according to the instruction of my boss. c. In accordance with the UNESCO’S declaration, International Mother Language Day is celebrated all over the world. d. The teacher is discussing the importance of learning English even now. e. He is still sleeping. Till now, he has not finished the work. f. We are discussing the problem even now. g. That day we were reading in our room. Suddenly, we heard them crying. h. We were walking along the street. Suddenly a man came to us running. i. The man jumped into the river and drowned. This happened all on a sudden. j. Above all, he was a very honest man. k. There was a remarkable turn out in the last Parliamentary election. Above all, people enjoyed the election as a celebration. l. We know that he is a freedom fighter. m. That the man is dishonest is known to all. n. We know that he is a godfather. o. It is said that honesty is the best policy.a. Once upon a time there was a powerful king in Bangladesh. b. Once/ Once upon a time/ Many days ago/ Long long ago/ In ancient time there lived a king who was fond of knowing his future from astrologers. c. In the past we had much but now we have very less. d. He talks as if/ as though he were a great scholar. e. They shouted as if they had seen a ghost. f. The sun is, as it were, the lamp of the universe. g. He talks as if/as though he were a mad. a. Undoubtedly you are wrong. h. Undoubtedly/ no doubt/ surely/ It is needless to say that/ It needs no telling that/ truly speaking, almost all the countries of the world are under a constant threat of terrorism.
Expressing a personal opinion
As far as/ From my point of view/I agree/I disagree/In my opinion/In my view/I think that/It is true that/Personally/To be honest/To tell the truth
