Paragraph for SSC
- A Rainy Day
- The Life of a Farmer
- A Street Hawker
- A Day Labourer
- Water Pollution
- Environmental Pollution
- Air Pollution
- Greenhouse Effect
- Tree Plantation
- A Book Fair
- My Visit to a Book Fair
- Early Rising
- A Village Doctor
- A Visit to a Palace of Historical Interest
- A Railway Station/ Bus Station
- A School Library
- A School Magazine
- COVID-19/Coronavirus
- A Road/Street Accident
- The Road/Street Accident
- A Tea Stall
- Deforestation
- Pahela Baishakh
- Mobile/Cell Phone
- A Rainy Day
- The Life of a Fisherman
- A Tea Stall
- Load Shedding
- A Rickshaw Puller
- Price Hike/Price Spiral
- Our National Flag
- Traffic Jam
- Climate Change
- A Winter Morning
- Computer
- A Moonlit Night
1. A Rainy Day
On a rainy day, the weather can vary from heavy downpours to a gentle, steady drizzle that persists throughout the day. The scene is often marked by torrential rains, accompanied by a cool, rhythmic patter that creates a soothing ambiance. Streets, fields, and houses become damp, while the leaves and buds of trees appear vibrant and lively. The sky is shrouded in thick, dark clouds, concealing the sun completely. Rainfall serves as a welcome relief from the summer heat, bringing a refreshing change to the environment. Vehicles like cars, buses, scooters, and taxis navigate through waterlogged streets, often with water reaching knee-deep levels. Pedestrians, equipped with umbrellas or waterproof gear, wade through the muddy streets. If heavy rain occurs before school starts, students might enjoy a day off. People often spend rainy days enjoying indoor activities such as listening to music, watching TV, or reading novels. Those with a poetic or imaginative streak find joy in the natural beauty enhanced by the rain. Farmers, in particular, welcome the rain as it allows them to resume work that had been delayed. After the rain, the landscape appears rejuvenated, with trees looking fresh and green. Water lilies, Aparajita, Kadam, and Krishnachura bloom in this season. Birds sing cheerfully in the trees, and ponds and pits are filled to capacity. Frogs croak in distant village basins, and cattle remain in their sheds, occasionally bellowing. Upon returning home after the rain, people often feel a sense of renewal and refreshment. Despite the inconveniences that rain may bring, I personally enjoy the variety it adds to our otherwise monotonous routine.
2. The Life of a Farmer
A farmer is someone who cultivates land, plants seeds, applies manure and pesticides, weeds out unwanted grasses, and waters the crops to ensure their growth. Despite playing a crucial role in society, a farmer’s life is often quite challenging. Typically, a farmer lives in a modest village house constructed from corrugated iron sheets or straw. Living a simple life, a farmer earns his livelihood through hard work. Each day begins early, with the farmer having a light breakfast before heading to the fields with basic, handmade tools and a pair of bullocks. Sometimes, the workload is so intense that he cannot return home for lunch. The life of a farmer is marked by both joys and hardships. The joy comes with a bountiful harvest, while the pain is felt when crops are devastated by droughts, floods, or cyclones. Despite their hard work, many farmers struggle to meet their family’s basic needs and live from hand to mouth. They also face numerous health issues. However, their situation could improve through access to easy loans and the adoption of modern, mechanized tools and advanced farming methods. Although farmers are often considered part of the lower class in society, their contributions are invaluable to the country’s economy. Enhancing their conditions through subsidies in the agricultural sector and other support measures is essential to prevent the erosion of the nation’s hopes and aspirations.
3. A Street Hawker
A street hawker is usually a small-scale entrepreneur who sells various items informally in public spaces, often drawing attention by shouting. These familiar figures are prevalent, especially near schools, at fairs, on street corners, or at railway stations. Some hawkers also buy items instead of selling them, such as empty bottles, old newspapers, magazines, books, plastic and tin containers, and broken household items. Typically, a street hawker wears a simple outfit, consisting of a worn-looking shirt, a pair of pajamas, and a large turban on his head. He carries his goods on his head, in his hand, or sometimes in a small handcart. Often, he holds a bell in his right hand and a cane stand in his left. Being shrewd, he knows how to attract school children, villagers, or passers-by. He generally buys his goods at a lower price and sells them at a higher profit, making life and shopping convenient for many people. His goods are often cheaper than those sold in the market, though they can sometimes be of inferior quality. Therefore, one must be cautious when purchasing from street hawkers. Despite the challenges, the hawker is an important member of society, providing valuable services. He comes to our streets in extreme heat and cold, offering convenience when we cannot go out to buy anything. He saves us time and effort. A street hawker’s life is neither easy nor comfortable; it is rather difficult and full of hardships. We should be considerate and empathetic towards him, as his dignity of labor deserves our respect.
4. A Day Laborer
A day laborer is an unskilled worker who is hired and paid daily for various types of manual labor. To make a living, he moves from place to place seeking work in roles such as an earth digger, construction worker, blacksmith, carpenter, goldsmith, peasant, or sweeper. He may work on the footpath, in fields, or in someone’s house. A day laborer is typically hardworking, strong, robust, dutiful, and honest. Living with his family in a slum, he rises early every morning to search for work. He works diligently from dawn to dusk for his employer, receiving his wages in the evening. With his earnings, he goes to the market to buy daily necessities before returning home. When he gets more work, he earns more, allowing his family to eat well. However, there are times when he and his family go without food if he cannot find work. The rainy season makes it difficult for him to find employment, though he is in high demand during the harvest season. Due to his low earnings, his family often lacks access to proper education and medical facilities. Sorrows and hardships are daily companions for him and his family, and they often face mistreatment. Despite these challenges, a day laborer is vital for the development of a country, particularly in the agricultural and construction sectors. Society is built not only by official and technical work but also by the hard labor of day laborers. Given his importance, a day laborer should not be looked down upon by anyone. The government should take proper steps to ensure his basic human rights and provide him with steady work opportunities so that he can lead a dignified and decent life.
5. Water Pollution
Water is a crucial component of the human environment, essential for both human and plant life, second only to air. Unfortunately, water can be polluted in many ways. Farmers use chemical fertilizers and insecticides to boost crop yields, and these chemicals can be washed into rivers, canals, and ponds by rain and floods. Mills and factories also contribute to water pollution by dumping waste into water bodies, and even boats can pollute water by discharging oil, food waste, and human waste into rivers and canals. In rural areas, unsanitary latrines built on riverbanks further contaminate water sources. Additionally, unsafe drains flowing into rivers and canals add to the water pollution problem.
Industrial discharge, the disposal of toxic chemicals, and dumping human waste into water bodies can lead to poisoning and water borne diseases like cholera and diarrhea. Clean water is essential for health, while polluted water poses significant health risks. Water pollution can be prevented through several measures. Firstly, raising awareness about the importance of clean water is crucial. Mills and factories should be prohibited from dumping waste into rivers and canals. Boats, including steamers, motor launches, and sailboats, should not discharge oil, food waste, or human waste into water bodies. Additionally, unsanitary latrines should not be constructed on riverbanks. Overall, public awareness and responsible practices are key to preventing water pollution.
6. Environmental Pollution
Environmental pollution refers to any unexpected and abnormal changes in the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of the environment. Our environment is continuously being polluted in many ways. Human activities, such as making fires to cook food, produce bricks, and melt tar for road construction, significantly contribute to air pollution. In major cities and towns, motor vehicles, mills, and factories emit fumes and smoke, further contaminating the air. Railway engines and powerhouses also add to this pollution by burning coal and oil. Water, another essential element of the environment, is heavily polluted as well. People dispose of waste into water bodies, and chemicals, fertilizers, and insecticides seep into rivers, canals, and ponds, contaminating them. Mills and factories discharge poisonous chemicals and waste products into rivers, canals, and seas. Additionally, water vehicles, unsafe drains, and unsanitary latrines contribute further to water pollution. Noise pollution is another significant issue, caused by motor vehicles, mills, factories, airplanes, domestic appliances, radios, cassette players, CDs, and televisions. This noise pollution affects our hearing and overall well-being. Large-scale deforestation has put our ecosystem in great danger, leading to ecological imbalances and natural disasters. These issues could severely impact our ability to grow food, destroy wildlife, raise sea levels, and cause floods. To combat environmental pollution, we should plant more trees and promote afforestation. Cutting down trees and hills should be restricted. Both the government and conscientious citizens must work together to develop a civic sense to reduce all kinds of pollution, ensuring a healthier environment for all.
7. Air Pollution
Air pollution refers to the introduction of harmful substances into the atmosphere, which can damage the environment, human health, and overall quality of life. Air is a vital element for human survival, and yet, we often overlook how our activities pollute this essential resource. Clean air is crucial for life, but various human activities contribute to its contamination. Air pollution arises from several sources. Industrial development has led to increased pollution, affecting not only urban areas but also homes, schools, offices, and even rural areas. Common activities that contribute to air pollution include cooking fires, brick-making, burning of wood for construction, and the emission of smoke from various sources. Railway engines, power plants, mills, and factories often use coal and oil, while vehicles such as buses, trucks, and cars run on petrol and diesel. These activities produce significant amounts of smoke and pollutants, contributing to deteriorating air quality. Industrial areas, where numerous mills and vehicles operate daily, are particularly affected. In severe cases, people living in such areas may suffer from health issues that are difficult to treat. To combat air pollution, effective measures must be implemented. The rise in pollution-related health problems, including respiratory issues and lung cancer, underscores the urgency of addressing this issue. Air pollution not only harms people but also disrupts entire ecosystems, negatively impacting plants and animals. Therefore, taking proactive steps to reduce pollution is essential for safeguarding both human health and the environment.
8. Greenhouse Effect
The greenhouse effect refers to the gradual warming of Earth’s atmosphere caused by the trapping of heat due to environmental pollution. Many climatologists believe that this effect is a major contributor to global warming. Key factors include the destruction and burning of tropical rainforests, traffic congestion in urban areas, rapid industrialization, the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) in packaging and manufacturing, and the discharge of pollutants from household detergents like washing powders and dishwashing liquids. The oceans are also impacted by pollution from industrial waste, oil spills from damaged supertankers, and other maritime disasters. However, the primary contributors to global warming are carbon dioxide (CO₂) from burning fossil fuels and deforestation, as well as pollutants like methane and CFCs. The growing concern among environmentalists about global warming is due to its potentially severe consequences. Climatologists predict that by the middle of the next century, global temperatures could rise by as much as 4°C. This increase could significantly impact agriculture, destroy or severely damage wildlife and natural habitats, raise sea levels, and flood coastal areas and farmland. In Bangladesh, for instance, rising sea levels threaten to submerge the lower southern regions of the country. To address global warming, it is crucial to implement tree plantation programs and take measures to reduce sources of CO₂ emissions. By addressing these causes, we can work towards mitigating the impact of global warming and preserving the environment for future generations.
9. Tree Plantation
Tree plantation involves the process of transplanting tree seedlings, typically for purposes such as forestry, land reclamation, or landscaping. Trees offer numerous benefits: they provide food, vitamins, and timber, and they help prevent droughts and floods. However, trees are often cut down for fuel or timber, with the cleared land used for livestock, plantations, and settlements. This deforestation disrupts the ecological balance, leading to soil erosion, loss of fruit and timber, and economic harm. Trees play a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance by producing oxygen and absorbing carbon dioxide. Without trees, carbon dioxide levels rise globally, contributing to global warming, which results in rising sea levels. In the future, this could lead to the earth being engulfed by seas. We must recognize the harmful effects of deforestation. If it continues, our country could turn into a desert. The quickest solution to deforestation is to stop cutting down trees. We need to educate and persuade people to refrain from cutting trees, raise awareness about the dangers of destroying forests, and encourage tree planting. Without this, our forests will gradually disappear, leading to severe consequences. Therefore, everyone should commit to planting at least one tree each year to help mitigate the effects of deforestation and preserve our environment.
10. A Book Fair
A book fair is an exhibition or display of books, organized by publishers or book dealers, aimed at promoting sales and generating interest among readers. It highlights the value of books as our best friends and enhances the joy of life through literature. In our country, the largest and most renowned book fair is the Ekushey Book Fair, held in February at the Bangla Academy to commemorate Language Movement Day. During the fair, numerous pavilions are set up, each beautifully decorated to attract visitors. The fair features a wide range of books, including textbooks, fiction, children’s books, religious texts, storybooks, novels, plays, poetry, autobiographies, books on science and technology, and works raising social awareness. The fair is particularly crowded in the evenings, where renowned artists, poets, and intellectuals participate in seminars and cultural programs. The fair not only promotes the publication of books and spreads education but also inspires young readers to develop a love for reading. Writers often sit at their stalls to meet fans and sign autographs. Additionally, some stalls sell snacks, cigarettes, and daily necessities. Despite occasional unpleasant incidents caused by miscreants, the book fair remains a festive occasion for book lovers.
11. My Visit to a Book Fair
A book fair is a vibrant exhibition of books, showcasing the work of various publishers and book dealers to promote sales and spark interest among readers. It celebrates the idea that books are our best friends and enrich our lives. Last month, I visited the Ekushey Book Fair, the largest book fair in our country, held in February at the Bangla Academy to honor Language Movement Day. As a book enthusiast with a passion for collecting, I eagerly went to the fair with my parents to find valuable literary works. The fair featured hundreds of pavilions, each adorned with colorful decorations to attract visitors. It offered a diverse selection of books, from novels and storybooks to textbooks and works on science and social issues. I bought three novels during my visit. In the afternoon, I attended a discussion on Bengali literature, which emphasized the sacrifices of the Language Movement martyrs. This was followed by a cultural program that delighted music lovers with beautiful Bengali songs performed by leading artists. The performance was a soothing experience, evoking a sense of nostalgia and offering a brief escape from life’s challenges. The book fair truly is a grand celebration for book lovers and a cherished event in the cultural calendar.
12. Early Rising
Early rising, the practice of getting out of bed early in the morning, is a highly beneficial habit for maintaining good health. This routine enhances overall well-being in several ways. Establishing a habit of waking up early boosts productivity both at work and at home. Early risers have the opportunity to engage in morning exercises or take a refreshing walk along a riverbank or in an open field, enjoying the fresh morning air filled with oxygen. The peaceful atmosphere and beauty of nature in the early morning, with colorful flowers, green leaves, and the chirping of birds, uplift the spirits and promote good health. This natural beauty often inspires a sense of gratitude towards the Creator, prompting thoughts of prayer. Early risers also benefit from having ample time to focus on their studies or other tasks, setting the stage for success. They can start their daily activities earlier without feeling rushed, leading to increased productivity and potentially greater financial success. In conclusion, the habit of early rising is a cornerstone of health, wealth, and wisdom. Embracing a healthier lifestyle by adopting early rising habits can significantly enhance one’s quality of life and contribute to long-term well-being. Therefore, it is advisable for everyone to cultivate this beneficial habit for its numerous advantages.
13. A Village Doctor
A village doctor is a person who treats rural people and provides medicine despite lacking formal medical knowledge. He receives some training from an experienced doctor. Although he is a quack, he helps save poor villagers from premature death. The villagers like him very much, and he is a favorite person in the community. He may not be a highly skilled or efficient doctor, but he responds to calls to visit patients in their homes. He provides significant service to the villagers when they fall ill, selecting medicine based on his general knowledge. He also has his own dispensary, which is modestly equipped with two benches. The village doctor leads a very hard and busy life. He gets up early every morning, takes a bath, eats his meal, and heads to his dispensary. He begins seeing patients at 8:00 am and continues until late at night. Despite sometimes worsening a patient’s condition, he is the most trusted person to the villagers. Occasionally, he takes an assistant. When people are in danger, he helps them and provides necessary medicine. He cares for his patients with genuine concern. He is a valuable member of the community, offering great services to the rural population. He shares in their joys and sorrows, consoles them, and speaks words of hope. He treats his patients with sympathy.
14. A Visit to a Palace of Historical Interest
A historic site is an officially recognized location where significant political, military, cultural, or social history has been preserved due to its cultural value. Visiting such a place is very interesting, educational, and attractive, offering insights into the past, including its culture and traditions. During the last summer vacation, my family and I had the opportunity to visit the National Memorial at Savar. This memorial symbolizes the nation’s respect for the martyrs of the war of liberation. Although constructed with concrete, it is symbolically made of blood. The memorial features a series of seven towers that ascend in stages to a height of 150 feet. The foundation was laid on the first anniversary of Victory Day. The entire complex covers an area of 126 acres and includes a mosque, a library, and a museum. The museum preserves relics of the liberation war, serving as a reminder of the supreme sacrifices made by freedom-loving people. The most poignant part of the complex is the graves of the martyred freedom fighters. Standing before these graves, we bow our heads in respect as the towers soar, symbolizing the loftiness of their spirit. We spent about an hour exploring the memorial and its surroundings, enjoying many historical artifacts and taking photographs of the memorial. This visit provided us with a profound experience. Although we left the site, the memory remains vivid in my mind.
15. A Railway Station/ Bus Station
A railway station is a place where various trains arrive, stand, and depart, allowing passengers to board and alight. It is one of the most affordable and comfortable transportation systems. Each station typically has a building, often made of red bricks, known as the station house. This building contains several rooms used as a booking office, ticket counters, and waiting rooms for passengers. Additionally, there are rooms for the stationmaster, the officer on duty, and other staff members. The stationmaster oversees the station, assistedby numerous staff, railway police, and guards. Passengers intending to travel by train purchase their tickets from the ticket counter, which generally opens half an hour before the train’s arrival. A railway station is a crowded and noisy place, with passengers and porters bustling to board the train. There may be a waiting room for passengers. When a train arrives, passengers form a long line to board. After some time, the guard blows the whistle and waves the green flag, signaling the train to depart. Once the train leaves, the station becomes silent and deserted. Hawkers can be seen selling betel leaves, cigarettes,newspapers, and various items. Book stalls, fruit shops, and tea stalls are also found at the station. However, some wrongdoers often gather at railway stations to harm passengers. Despite this, a railway station plays a vital role in the country’s communication sector.
16. A School Library
A school library, a repository of knowledge, is typically located in a suitable place within the school grounds. It fulfills the eternal quest for knowledge of the unknown and unseen. Nowadays, a school without a library is unimaginable. The library contains textbooks on various subjects, newspapers, journals, novels, travel books, biographies, history, geography, short stories, essays, poetry, and magazines. Students, especially those eager to broaden their knowledge, visit the library during their free periods to study. One side of the library hall is equipped with long tables and benches where students sit, read, and take notes. The calm and quiet atmosphere of the library helps students focus on their work. The school librarian, who is trained and qualified, advises students on book selection, making it easy for them to choose appropriate books. The library is open every day of the week, and no one is allowed to keep a book beyond a certain period. A school library plays a crucial role in the academic life of students. It is an excellent way to develop general knowledge and fosters studious habits. It also creates a love for books among students, even those who are less interested, which continues after their school years. The library provides opportunities to make the best use of leisure time. By studying in the library regularly, a student can perform well in exams, ultimately leading to success.
17. A School Magazine
A school magazine is an annual publication that showcases the literary contributions and other activities of a school, primarily created by students and sometimes teachers. It is typically published once a year and serves as a platform for students to express their creativity and achievements. To produce the school magazine, a committee is formed, usually led by the Headmaster as the Chairman and Chief Patron. The committee includes an editor, business editors, and assistant proofreaders, who are often selected from among the students. The funding for the magazine comes from a dedicated “Magazine Fee” collected from students. The editor invites submissions in both Bangla and English from students and staff. These submissions are then reviewed, and the best pieces are chosen for publication. The magazine generally includes two sections: Bangla and English. It features a variety of content, such as messages from the Headmaster and the school secretary, annual reports, essays, short stories, plays, jokes, quizzes, and puzzles. Publishing the school magazine provides young writers with immense pleasure and boosts their confidence. Seeing their work in print encourages them to pursue writing and other creative endeavors. The magazine is a vital part of school life, offering a forum for students to share their ideas and imagination. It fosters teamwork, nurtures latent talents, and reminds alumni of their cherished school days. Ultimately, the school magazine serves as a stepping stone for future writers and poets, helping them develop their skills and passion for writing.
18. COVID-19/Coronavirus
COVID-19, also known as the coronavirus disease 2019, emerged as a global health crisis in late 2019 and remains a major concern worldwide. Caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, the disease primarily spreads through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. Its high transmissibility has led to widespread outbreaks. COVID-19 affects individuals across all age groups, though certain populations are more vulnerable to severe illness and death. Symptoms can range from mild, such as fever, cough, and fatigue, to severe conditions like difficulty breathing and pneumonia. In response, governments worldwide have implemented various measures to curb the virus’s spread. These measures include lockdowns, social distancing, travel restrictions, and the promotion of mask-wearing and hand hygiene. The pandemic has also triggered significant socio-economic impacts, including job losses, economic downturns, and disruptions to education and mental health. Several vaccines have been developed and authorized for emergency use, significantly contributing to the reduction of severe cases. However, the global distribution of vaccines has been uneven, with some regions struggling to access sufficient doses. COVID-19 has profoundly affected nearly every aspect of life, from healthcare to the economy and society at large. While progress has been made in managing the virus, it remains a persistent challenge that requires ongoing global cooperation and innovation to mitigate its effects and prevent future outbreaks.
19. A Road/Street Accident
Streetaccidents are a regrettably common occurrence in daily life. Despite numerous efforts to prevent them, accidents happen every day due to factors such as busy and narrow roads, and careless driving. A particularly tragic incident occurred recently, which I witnessed firsthand. Two days ago, as I was heading to New Market and passed by Bangla College, I saw a horrifying accident unfold. A boy was attempting to cross Mirpur Road when he was struck by a speeding truck. As the truck approached, the boy panicked and ran back and forth, unable to make a clear decision. The driver, unable to stop the truck in time, tried desperately to brake but failed. The boy was run over and his body was severely crushed. The truck came to a halt, and a crowd of onlookers quickly gathered. The boy was extracted from the pool of blood, and a bystander kindly offered his car to transport the injured boy to Dhaka Medical College Hospital. Later that evening, I learned with great sorrow that the boy had succumbed to his injuries on the way to the hospital. The driver of the truck, along with the vehicle, was taken into police custody. The image of that dreadful scene continues to haunt me. This incident underscores the critical need for greater emphasis on road safety. Life, after all, is more valuable than any schedule or convenience. We need to implement stricter regulations and take comprehensive measures to prevent such tragedies in the future.
20. The Road/Street Accident
A street accident typically involves a collision between a vehicle and another vehicle, pedestrian, animal, or stationary obstruction such as a tree or pole. These accidents often result in injury, disability, death, property damage, and significant financial costs. Despite ongoing efforts to prevent them, accidents continue to occur daily due to reckless driving, traffic rule violations, inadequate traffic enforcement, poor road conditions, and other factors. Key causes of road accidents include reckless driving, violations of traffic rules, insufficient traffic police presence, overtaking tendencies, and the use of mobile phones while driving. Additionally, poorly maintained roads and untrained drivers contribute to the problem. The consequences of road accidents are severe, often resulting in the loss of life, temporary or permanent injuries, and significant financial burdens such as medical expenses, property damage, and loss of family income. In Bangladesh, over 4,000 people die on the roads each year, and many more suffer from injuries. The physical and financial toll is immense, affecting individuals and families profoundly. To address these issues, it is essential to implement measures to curb reckless driving, speed violations, drunk driving, and other dangerous behaviors. Roads should be properly planned and constructed, modern traffic control systems should be introduced, and defective vehicles should be removed from the roads. Driving licenses should be issued with greater honesty and thoroughness, and public awareness campaigns should be conducted to promote safer driving practices. Only through these concerted efforts can we hope to see improvements in road safety and a reduction in accidents.
21. A Tea Stall
A tea stall is a small shop where tea and various snacks are sold to passers-by. It is a popular spot for people from all walks of life and can be found at street corners, bus stands, railway stations, markets, or near offices where there is a high footfall. Tea stalls typically open early in the morning and stay open late into the night. In addition to tea, these stalls offer biscuits, bread, bananas, betel leaves, and a variety of handmade snacks. The stall is usually equipped with a few benches and tables for customers. Often, tea stalls appear quite unkempt. A young boy is usually hired to serve customers, though sometimes the owner takes on the roles of server and cashier as well. Visitors to a tea stall often linger after having their tea, using the time to relax and refresh themselves. Tea stalls also serve as informal gathering places where people discuss politics, local events, and current affairs, making them a sort of “Mini Sangsad” or small parliament. As such, tea stalls have become important social hubs, offering a space for community interaction and conversation. Their role in daily life is significant, providing not just refreshments but also a venue for social engagement.
22. Deforestation
Deforestation refers to the process of removing forests or stands of trees, often converting the land to non-forest uses. This involves the indiscriminate cutting down of trees. Ecologists recommend that forests should cover at least 25% of the total land area for a sustainable environment. In Bangladesh, however, only 16% of the land is covered by forests. Deforestation occurs for various reasons: trees are cut down for fuel or timber, and cleared land is used for livestock grazing, commodity plantations, and new settlements. Trees offer numerous benefits—they provide food, vitamins, and materials for furniture, and they play a crucial role in preventing droughts and floods. However, to make quick profits, trees are often harvested in large numbers, disrupting ecological balance. The destruction of forests leads to soil erosion, loss of fruit and timber, and economic hardships. Trees are vital for maintaining ecological stability; they produce oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide. Without trees, carbon dioxide levels rise, contributing to global warming and rising sea levels, which could potentially engulf the Earth in the future. To combat deforestation, it is crucial to stop the indiscriminate cutting down of trees. We must educate people about the negative effects of deforestation and encourage them to plant more trees. Raising awareness about the importance of forests and promoting reforestation efforts is essential. If deforestation continues unchecked, our country could become a desert. Therefore, I believe that everyone should commit to planting at least one tree each year to help preserve our environment and prevent further ecological damage.
23. Pahela Baishakh
Pahela Baishakh, the first day of the Bengali month of Baishakh, is a significant festival celebrated with enthusiasm across Bangladesh. This public holiday is marked by vibrant festivities that bring people from all walks of life together. On this day, individuals from various social classes come out to join in the celebrations, making it a day of communal joy and togetherness. Traditionally, traders and shopkeepers celebrate by opening their “halkhata” (new account books) and offering sweets to customers and clients, continuing an age-old custom. At dawn, people typically enjoy a traditional meal of panta bhat (fermented rice) and hilsa fish. Women dress in fresh, colorful outfits and adorn themselves with flowers, while both young and older men participate in singing and playing traditional musical instruments like the ektara, dotara, bamboo flute, and sarinda. Some also wear masks of various shapes and forms to add to the festive atmosphere. Socio-cultural organizations host elaborate programs to mark the occasion. The day begins with a special event at Ramna Batamul, organized by Chhayanat, a prominent cultural organization. Other institutions such as the Bangla Academy, Shilpakala Academy, Bulbul Lalitakala Academy, Jatiya Press Club, Liberation War Museum, Bangladesh National Museum, and the Institute of Fine Arts of Dhaka University also hold colorful processions featuring festoons, placards, posters, banners, and masks. Various media outlets, including Bangladesh Betar, BTV and other channels lively programs that showcase the festival’s activities. Pahela Baishakh celebrates the simpler, rural roots of Bengal, allowing people from all backgrounds to join in the festivities without concerns about social class, religion, or financial status. This collective celebration makes Pahela Baishakh a day of immense joy and unity, cherished by all.
24. Mobile/Cell Phone
A cell phone, commonly known as a mobile phone, is a portable electronic device that facilitates instant communication without the need for wired connections. Its convenience has made it ubiquitous, enabling people to make calls, send
messages, and access information from virtually anywhere. This is particularly beneficial for business professionals and workers, as well as for individuals managing personal tasks from home. Mobile phones offer various applications for entertainment, such as games, music, and social networking. However, they also have drawbacks. Excessive use of mobile phones can negatively impact health, potentially causing dizziness, headaches, and hearing problems. Additionally, mobile phones can be misused for criminal activities, such as terrorism. Using phones while driving can lead to accidents, and the radiation emitted by phones has been linked to potential harm. Despite these concerns, the role of mobile phones in facilitating communication and providing information is indispensable in modern life. The government should consider regulations to minimize misuse and protect vulnerable populations, but the necessity of mobile phones in daily life remains significant.
25. A Rainy Day
On a rainy day, the weather can vary from heavy downpours to a gentle, steady drizzle that persists throughout the day. The scene is often marked by torrential rains, accompanied by a cool, rhythmic patter that creates a soothing ambiance. Streets, fields, and houses become damp, while the leaves and buds of trees appear vibrant and lively. The sky is shrouded in thick, dark clouds, concealing the sun completely. Rainfall serves as a welcome relief from the summer heat, bringing a refreshing change to the environment. Vehicles like cars, buses, scooters, and taxis navigate through waterlogged streets, often with water reaching knee-deep levels. Pedestrians, equipped with umbrellas or waterproof gear, wade through the muddy streets. If heavy rain occurs before school starts, students might enjoy a day off. People often spend rainy days enjoying indoor activities such as listening to music, watching TV, or reading novels. Those with a poetic or imaginative streak find joy in the natural beauty enhanced by the rain. Farmers, in particular, welcome the rain as it allows them to resume work that had been delayed. After the rain, the landscape appears rejuvenated, with trees looking fresh and green. Water lilies, aparajita, kadam, and krishnachura bloom in this season. Birds sing cheerfully in the trees, and ponds and pits are filled to capacity. Frogs croak in distant village basins, and cattle remain in their sheds, occasionally bellowing. Upon returning home after the rain, people often feel a sense of renewal and refreshment. Despite the inconveniences that rain may bring, I personally enjoy the variety it adds to our otherwise monotonous routine.
26. The Life of a Fisherman
A fisherman is someone who catches and sells fish from various water sources to support his livelihood. Typically, a fisherman resides in a village close to a river or the sea. His work is demanding and requires great effort. Fishermen use nets and boats for their trade, though some have only nets and others have boats but not nets. Those with both equipment often work in groups, employing others to help with their catch. A fisherman is constantly engaged in his work. When at home, he spends time repairing and painting his boats, or dyeing and mending his nets. He catches fish from seas, rivers, haors, beels, and ponds. The women in his family help by making new nets, while the children dry and sell the fish at the market. The life of a fisherman is fraught with risks and challenges. He faces the threat of storms and cyclones, and some fishermen venture out at night or spend several days fishing in deep waters far from home. A day without earnings means his family might go hungry. He feels a sense of relief and satisfaction when he earns enough to meet his needs. Despite his hard work, a fisherman often struggles to make ends meet. To improve their living conditions, the government should implement practical measures to enhance the standard of their livelihood.
27. A Tea Stall
A tea stall is a small shop where tea and various snacks are sold to passers-by. It is a popular spot for people from all walks of life and can be found at street corners, bus stands, railway stations, markets, or near offices where there is a high footfall. Tea stalls typically open early in the morning and stay open late into the night. In addition to tea, these stalls offer biscuits, bread, bananas, betel leaves, and a variety of handmade snacks. The stall is usually equipped with a few benches and tables for customers. Often, tea stalls appear quite unkempt. A young boy is usually hired to serve customers, though sometimes the owner takes on the roles of server and cashier as well. Visitors to a tea stall often linger after having their tea, using the time to relax and refresh themselves. Tea stalls also serve as informal gathering places where people discuss politics, local events, and current affairs, making them a sort of “Mini Sangsad” or small parliament. As such, tea stalls have become important social hubs, offering a space for community interaction and conversation. Their role in daily life is significant, providing not just refreshments but also a venue for social engagement.
28. Load Shedding
Load shedding refers to the temporary reduction of electricity supply to certain areas to prevent overloading the power generators. It occurs when the available electricity is insufficient to meet the total demand, leading utility companies to interrupt the energy supply in specific regions. In our country, load shedding affects almost every area. The primary causes of load shedding include inadequate maintenance of power generation and distribution systems, increasing population, rising living standards, poor planning, illegal connections, and wastage of electricity. The impact of load shedding is significant, affecting both the economic and social development of the country. Industries are particularly hit hard, with many mills and factories going idle, leading to decreased industrial production and job losses. Social activities and public services are disrupted, students struggle to study due to power outages, often having to rely on dim candlelight. Housewives face difficulties in the kitchen, shops may close early, and cinema-goers experience discomfort due to lack of electricity. The overall effect of load shedding is a halt in daily activities and production, causing widespread inconvenience. To address this issue, it is crucial to take effective measures to prevent load shedding and ensure consistent development. Solutions include establishing more power plants, improving the efficiency of power distribution, eliminating illegal connections, and reducing system losses. By implementing these steps, we can mitigate the impact of load shedding and support the country’s progress.
29. A Rickshaw Puller
A rickshaw puller is someone who earns a living by manually operating a rickshaw, a common mode of transport in Bangladesh. These vehicles are powered by human effort rather than engines. Typically, rickshaw pullers reside in slum areas of the city and endure significant hardships to support their families. Living from hand to mouth, a rickshaw puller struggles with severe poverty. His earnings are just enough to meet the basic needs of his family, and he faces daily challenges. His life is filled with difficulties, and he works long hours, often from morning until midnight, to make a modest income. Despite his relentless efforts, his wages are insufficient to cover all the demands of his family. The hardships are compounded by factors such as illness or adverse weather, which can lead to periods of starvation for him and his family. During the rainy season, his miseries are exacerbated as water floods into the slum where he lives. To improve his situation, it is essential to recognize and value the hard work he endures. It is our moral responsibility to show empathy and support. By treating him with kindness and understanding, we can help him move towards a better and more prosperous life.
30. Price Hike/Price Spiral
A price hike, or price increase, refers to a rise in the cost of goods or services over time. This phenomenon can result from various factors, including inflation, changes in market conditions, imbalances in supply and demand, and shifts in production costs. The impact of a price hike is felt by both consumers and businesses. Consumers may face higher costs for goods and services, which can reduce their purchasing power and alter their spending habits. Businesses, on
the other hand, may struggle to maintain profit margins and might need to adjust their pricing strategies to stay competitive. Price hikes can have broader economic implications, contributing to inflationary pressures and affecting key macroeconomic indicators such as the consumer price index and gross domestic product. In response, governments and regulatory authorities might implement measures to mitigate the negative effects of price hikes, such as price controls, tariffs, or subsidies for affected industries. In summary, price hikes are a natural aspect of market dynamics with significant and far-reaching effects, influencing various aspects of the economy and daily life.
31. Our National Flag
A national flag represents the freedom and sovereignty of a nation. The national flag of Bangladesh is bottle green with a red circle on a green background. The green color symbolizes the country’s vitality, youthfulness, and lushness, while the red circle represents the rising sun and the sacrifices made during the Liberation War of 1971. Designed by painter Kamrul Hasan, the flag was first hoisted on March 3, 1971, by ASM Abdur Rab at the historic ‘Bat tala’ in the Dhaka University campus. The flag is prominently displayed at government offices, educational institutions, and other public buildings, and is lowered to half-mast on national or international mourning days. It is a symbol of pride and national identity, evoking deep respect and joy among the people. The national flag, bought at a tremendous cost of sacrifice, is a source of inspiration and a reminder of the nation’s struggle for independence. It is our duty to honor and protect this symbol of our sovereignty.
32. Traffic Jam
A traffic jam occurs when a road becomes congested with vehicles, causing delays and hindering movement. Traffic jams are common in capital cities and other major urban areas, particularly during peak office hours. Sometimes, the congestion can extend for half a kilometer or more, leading to significant time loss and disruption. Several factors contribute to traffic jams, including an excess number of vehicles relative to road capacity, narrow roads, poor traffic management, and non-compliance with traffic rules. Additional causes include improper parking, overtaking, roadside shops, and public demonstrations. Traffic jams not only waste time but also result in increased fuel consumption and economic losses. To address this issue, measures such as constructing well-planned, spacious roads, implementing one-way traffic systems, enforcing traffic rules, and increasing the presence of traffic police are essential. Public awareness and adherence to traffic regulations are also crucial for alleviating congestion.
33. Climate Change
Climate change refers to the long-term increase in average global temperatures due to unchecked pollution. Both natural processes and human activities contribute to rising temperatures, primarily through the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2), methane, and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Key contributors to climate change include deforestation, industrial emissions, traffic pollution, and maritime disasters. Environmentalists are increasingly concerned about the severe consequences of global warming. Predictions suggest that by the middle of the next century, temperatures could rise by up to 4°C, potentially devastating food production, wildlife, and natural landscapes. Rising sea levels could also flood coastal areas, including parts of Bangladesh. To combat climate change, immediate and effective measures are needed. These include reducing greenhouse gas emissions, promoting tree plantation, and increasing global awareness. Addressing climate change requires collective action to mitigate its impact and prevent future environmental crises.
34. A Winter Morning
Winter, the coldest season in Bangladesh, brings misty and chilly mornings. Dense fog often obscures the sun, making visibility difficult and disrupting communication. Dew on leaves and grass sparkles like pearls in the morning light, but the severe cold can be harsh for people and animals alike. The poor, lacking adequate warm clothing, often gather straw and dry leaves to create fires for warmth. Elderly individuals and children seek solace in the sun, while people generally rise later during winter mornings. Traditional foods like ‘pithas’ and sweetmeats made from date juice are enjoyed. For the poor, winter mornings can be especially challenging due to the cold and lack of warm clothing. However, winter is also the best time to visit Bangladesh, with its dry and fresh weather ideal for observing migratory birds. Bengali poet Jibanananda Das celebrated early winter, or Kartik, for its inner beauty and connection to Bengal’s soul. Despite its challenges, winter offers both advantages and disadvantages, highlighting the disparity between the rich and the poor.
35. Computer
A computer is an electronic device that takes data in one form and gives it out in another form. It is one of the greatest invention of modern science. It is a device that works like a human brain. That is why, it is called the ‘electric brain’. It stores information, analyses it and produces information as required from the data. There are five major components in a computer. They are the input unit, the output unit, the memory unit, the control unit and the arithmetic unit. The main parts of a PC are a centre processor with its disk drives, keyboards monitor, printer and a scanner. A computer can be opened, operated and shut down with the help of a mouse. All complicated tasks can be done easily in a very short time with the help of a computer. It is used in measuring daily routine work, trade and commerce, diagnosing diseases, entertainment, games and sports, transport, educational sector, researching space and what not. It has done great wonders in inventing e-mail, internet and robot. Nowadays computer helps to diagnose a disease. Computer is of great use to us also in the field of agriculture and business. It has lessened our work loads and made our life easy and comfortable. At present lives cannot be led without computer. Truly speaking, modern civilization is dependent on computer to a great extent. Computer is immensely beneficial though it has some demerits too. It becomes an addiction to some users. Many prefer spending more time with a computer to doing outdoor activities. But in the age of globalization we cannot do without a computer.
36. A Moonlit Night
A moonlit night, characterized by the moon shining brightly in a clear, cloudless sky, is a truly enchanting sight. During autumn, the sky is often clear, allowing the moon’s silvery light to bathe everything below. The full moon appears as a luminous disc in the deep blue autumn sky, occasionally veiled by fleeting patches of white clouds. This celestial display creates a serene atmosphere as the moon plays a gentle game of hide-and-seek with the clouds. The beauty of a moonlit night is further enhanced by the pleasant sounds of night-birds singing their melodious tunes. The moon’s reflection on ponds and tanks adds to the charm, with blooming lilies accentuating the serene landscape. In urban areas, residents often take to their rooftops to enjoy the night, engaging in leisurely conversations. Similarly, people in rural areas gather in open spaces, where they sit on mats, sing songs, listen to the radio, and appreciate the natural beauty around them. Children delight in sitting around their grandparents to listen to fairy tales or stories about wizards, and sometimes they play hide-and-seek, adding to the joy of the evening. For newlyweds and lovers, a moonlit night is especially romantic. Poets across cultures have celebrated its beauty, and it has a profound effect on the human psyche. For many, it evokes nostalgia and fond memories of youth. Overall, a moonlit night is a precious gift from nature, offering both recreation and enjoyment.