Human beings conquered the distance on earth by discovering wheels. They endeavored further. Then on December 17, 1903, the Wright brothers in America made the first experiment of flying in a plane. In the experiment, a machine carried a man and rose above by its own power. The machine was called ‘aka airplane’. It flew naturally in a smooth speed, and finally landed without damage. That was human being’s first real take-off. And now, they have got a supersonic speed. In a supersonic speed, something travels faster than sound! So the sky’s the limit now!
Modern aircraft companies are making revolutions in aviation technology. Boeing as well as Airbus is producing modern passenger airplanes. These planes fly very fast. Boeing 787 flies 950 km/h. However, Airbus 350 is expected to fly at a speed of 945 km/h. You find attractive ads on the websites of both Boeing and Airbus planes. Both have excellent features. But in speed, neither could beat the Concorde. It is the world’s fastest supersonic passenger aircraft. Its normal speed was 2,170 km/h. The Concorde was a joint project by France and Britain. It started passenger flight in 1976. Unfortunately, the Concorde fleet was grounded forever in 2003 after a major accident.
1. Human beings invented the (a) __________ to conquer distance on earth. Later, the (b) __________ brothers made the first flight on (c) __________ 17, 1903. Their airplane flew smoothly and landed without (d) It marked the first real human (e) __________.
2. With time, aircraft technology advanced to (a) __________ speed. This means flying faster than (b) Companies like (c) __________ and (d) __________ are now producing advanced airplanes. The sky is no longer the (e) __________.
3. Modern aircraft such as Boeing (a) __________ and Airbus (b) __________ are known for their high speed. Boeing flies at (c) __________ km/h, while Airbus is expected to reach (d) __________ km/h. These companies also display attractive (e) __________ on their websites.
4. Though Boeing and Airbus make excellent planes, none can beat the (a) __________ in speed. It was a (b) __________ passenger aircraft with a speed of (c) __________ km/h. It was a joint project between (d) __________ and (e)
5. The Concorde began its passenger flights in (a) After a major (b) __________, it was permanently (c) __________ in 2003. Despite its end, it remains the world’s fastest (d) __________ airplane and a symbol of human (e) __________.
6. The invention of the (a) __________ changed how humans traveled on land. Later, the Wright brothers introduced the first (b) __________ flight. Their machine could rise by its own (c) __________ and land without any (d) __________. This event marked the beginning of modern (e) __________.
7. In today’s world, airplanes can fly at (a) __________ speeds. Boeing and Airbus are two leading (b) __________ in aircraft production. Boeing 787 has a speed of (c) __________ km/h. Airbus 350 flies almost at the same (d) __________ Both aircrafts are used for (e) __________ travel.
8. The Wright brothers’ first flight took place in (a) __________, America. Their success inspired future (b) Over the years, airplanes have become faster and more (c) __________. Today’s aircrafts can travel at nearly the speed of (d) __________. This shows the progress of human (e) __________.
9. The (a) __________ was a revolutionary plane that flew faster than sound. It was designed jointly by (b) __________ and (c) Its regular flying speed was about (d) __________ km/h. Sadly, it stopped flying forever after a tragic (e) __________.
10. The development of aviation began with the discovery of the (a) Later, new experiments led to the invention of the (b) __________. Over time, airplanes evolved into supersonic (c) __________. The (d) __________ represented the highest level of air travel technology. But after 2003, it was no longer in (e) __________.
Answers
1. (a) wheel (b) Wright (c) December (d) damage (e) take-off
2. (a) supersonic (b) sound (c) Boeing (d) Airbus (e) limit
3. (a) 787 (b) 350 (c) 950 (d) 945 (e) advertisements
4. (a) Concorde (b) supersonic (c) 2,170 (d) France (e) Britain
5. (a) 1976 (b) accident (c) grounded (d) passenger (e) achievement
6. (a) wheel, (b) airplane, (c) power, (d) damage, (e) aviation;
7. (a) supersonic, (b) companies, (c) 950, (d) speed, (e) passenger;
8. (a) 1903, (b) inventors, (c) advanced, (d) sound, (e) achievement;
9. (a) Concorde, (b) France, (c) Britain, (d) 2,170, (e) accident;
10. (a) wheel, (b) airplane, (c) aircraft, (d) Concorde, (e) service.
Communication of ideas is at the centre of civilisation. It needs written records. Most of our records in the modern age are on paper. Though writing was invented very early, paper is a more modern invention. For long in history, people transferred ideas through speaking and listening. Then there came the art of writing. But to record thoughts in writing was difficult. Writing material was not available. People used surface of stone, metal, wood, bark, leaves, etc for writing. Those things were not easy to carry. Then for ages, people looked for easy writing materials. Finally, Paper was invented in china in 105 AD. Before paper age, knowledge was very restricted. Can you think of that time? There were very few books in the world. May be, they were written on stone or on heavy wood plunks or on metal sheets. Suppose, one page was a heavy stone block. So, think of a hundred page book! In our age, you can carry the entire world of knowledge in digital from in your laptop bag. You can even carry a huge volume of paper encyclopedia. But who could produce and carry tons of heavy stone books and documents in those paperless days? In fact, paper has made publication and the spread of knowledge and information easy. So, you can see how paper has changed our life. Make 10 summary on this passage and use 5 gaps each without answer
1. Communication of ideas is at the centre of human (a) It requires (b) __________ records to preserve thoughts. In the modern age, most records are kept on (c) __________. Although writing was invented long ago, (d) __________ came much later. Paper made it easier to share and store (e) __________.
2. Before paper was invented, people shared ideas through (a) __________ and (b) Later, they learned the art of (c) __________. But writing materials were (d) __________. So, recording ideas was a (e) __________ task.
3. In ancient times, people used (a) __________, metal, wood, bark, and leaves to write on. These things were not easy to (b) For a long time, people searched for (c) __________ writing materials. Finally, (d) __________ was invented in China in (e) __________ AD.
4. Before the invention of paper, knowledge was (a) __________ to a few people. There were very few (b) __________ in the world. Books were written on (c) __________ or metal sheets. Each page was heavy and (d) __________ to handle. So, reading and carrying books was a (e)
5. Imagine a book made of stone or (a) __________! One page might weigh several (b) It was nearly impossible to make or carry a (c) __________-page book. In contrast, modern people can store vast knowledge in (d) __________ form. The difference shows how much life has (e) __________.
6. Today, we can carry the entire (a) __________ of knowledge on a laptop. In the past, people used (b) __________ books and documents. Thanks to (c) __________ invention, reading and writing became much (d) It completely changed the way we store and share (e) __________.
7. Paper was a revolutionary (a) __________ that made writing convenient. It helped people to keep (b) __________ of their ideas. The invention of paper in (c) __________ transformed human civilization. It made the spread of (d) __________ and information much easier. So, paper is truly a (e)
8. The absence of paper in early times made learning (a) __________ Books were rare because they were made of (b) __________ materials. With the coming of paper, writing became (c) __________ and knowledge became (d) __________. It opened a new (e) __________ in education.
9. Paper replaced heavy and (a) __________ materials used for writing. It became a symbol of human (b) Modern printing and publication depend on (c) __________. It has made (d) and (e) spread rapidly across the world.
10. The invention of paper was one of the greatest (a) __________ in human history. It changed the way people stored (b) Now, millions of (c) can be printed and shared easily. Paper made (d) __________ and information available to all, bringing a new (e) __________ of progress.
Answers:
1. (a) civilisation, (b) written, (c) paper, (d) paper, (e) knowledge;
2. (a) speaking, (b) listening, (c) writing, (d) scarce, (e) difficult;
3. (a) stone, (b) carry, (c) easy, (d) paper, (e) 105;
4. (a) restricted, (b) books, (c) stone, (d) hard, (e) problem;
5. (a) wood, (b) tons, (c) hundred, (d) digital, (e) changed;
6. (a) world, (b) heavy, (c) paper’s, (d) easier, (e) information;
7. (a) invention, (b) records, (c) 105 AD, (d) knowledge, (e) blessing;
8. (a) difficult, (b) heavy, (c) easier, (d) wider, (e) era;
9. (a) heavy, (b) progress, (c) paper, (d) knowledge, (e) ideas;
10. (a) inventions, (b) information, (c) books, (d) education, (e) age.